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Conclusions and Recommendations

The document outlines the importance of drawing conclusions and formulating recommendations in research reports, emphasizing the need for concise and clear conclusions that summarize findings and implications. It provides strategies for writing effective conclusions and recommendations, including the necessity to avoid introducing new information and to ensure that recommendations are logical, relevant, and actionable. The document also highlights the significance of demonstrating engagement with research findings through insightful recommendations.

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13 views

Conclusions and Recommendations

The document outlines the importance of drawing conclusions and formulating recommendations in research reports, emphasizing the need for concise and clear conclusions that summarize findings and implications. It provides strategies for writing effective conclusions and recommendations, including the necessity to avoid introducing new information and to ensure that recommendations are logical, relevant, and actionable. The document also highlights the significance of demonstrating engagement with research findings through insightful recommendations.

Uploaded by

nicoleconstantinoruiz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conclusions and

Recommendations

B Y: J O A N R . Q U I N D O R
Drawing Conclusions From Patterns
and Themes
• It is the section in a research report where the researcher finds a chance of leaving
a lasting impression.
• It usually includes a comprehensive summary of the findings.
• The key points are highlighted briefly based on the analysis or results of the study.
• Important implications applied to practice are specifically noted.
• The conclusion points out to what were factually learned from the inquiry.
Characteristics of Conclusions
1. Conclusions are inferences, deductions, abstractions, implications, interpretations,
general statements and/or generalizations based upon the findings.
2. Conclusions should appropriately answer the specific questions raised at the
beginning of the investigation in the order they are given under the statement of the
problem.
3. Conclusions should point out what were factually learned from the inquiry.
4. Conclusions should be formulated concisely that is, brief and short, yet they
convey all the necessary information resulting from the investigation.
Purpose of a Conclusion
Conclusion does the following:
1. Stress the importance of the thesis statement.
2. Give the written work a sense of completeness.
3. Leave a final impression on the reader.
4. Demonstrates good organization.
Strategies in Writing Conclusions
Here are some strategies for writing conclusions:
• Echoing your introduction, or simply reiterate or link ideas expressed in the other
sections of the research.
• Challenging the reader by directing or showing how readers can apply the study in
their own lives.
•Looking to the future by emphasizing the importance of your paper or redirecting
the reader’s thought process in looking at things more globally.
•Posing questions where the readers can gain a new perspective on the topic or you
may also bring your main ideas together to create a new meaning.
• The process of drawing conclusions begins early as you code your data.
• In drawing and verifying conclusions from qualitative data among the most useful
in the analysis are:
◦ Noting patterns and theme. These are recurring themes which put together many separate
pieces of data. The data may be grouped according to theme. It may however happen that
evidence may be applicable to one or more themes.
◦ Making contrasts and comparisons. Comparison is a classic way to test a conclusion. The
responses gathered from parents, students, teachers, and other groups can be compared and
contrasted so that differences can be noted. When conflicting information comes up, then you
can refer to the sources of the different data.
◦ Clustering. This process refers to the grouping of data, then conceptualizing information that
has similar patterns or characteristics. It is called “categorizing” because steps must be taken to
ensure that other information are considered or included.
◦ Counting. Qualitative research, as discussed is basically descriptive and goes beyond how much
of something to describe the subject or topic under investigation. However, the number of times
something occurs or is reported tells something about how important or how significant an item
is.

• Finally, no new information should be added to the conclusions. Avoid after


thoughts or new additional ideas.
Formulating Recommendations Based
on Conclusions
• The section on Recommendation presents and discusses how they support your findings
and conclusions.
• A well-thought-out set of recommendations will likely encourage the people addressed to
take them seriously.
• A recommendation for a preferred alternative should include:
1. specifically stating what should be done, the steps for its implementation, and the
resources needed;
2. benefits need to be discussed as well as the problems to be corrected, avoided or
improved;
3. analysis and discussion of the proposed recommendation; and
4. general statement about the nature and timing of the evaluation plan that would be used
to determine the effectiveness of the proposed recommendations.
Why write a recommendation?
• The reader is looking for insightful comments to demonstrate that you have been
engaged with your research, that you understand your findings and that you gained
knowledge from the experience of conducting your research.
• This section includes suggestions for what needs to be done as a result of your
findings. Recommendations are usually listed in order to priority.
How to write recommendations
The following will have to be considered in writing recommendations. These are:
• Brief- write concisely; any reasons for recommendation should only be given if
necessary.
• Clear- do not be ambiguous as to how the recommendation will be implemented.
• Precise- vague recommendations usually result from insufficient research/analysis.
To be able to write recommendations that exhibit the given characteristics, you
must also observe guidelines when you prepare your recommendations.
Guidelines in Writing
Recommendations
• Do not write recommendations that are too broad, too generic or those that are
not directly related to the topic of the research.
• In addition, do not recommend anything that has not been previously discussed.
The rule for “no new material” in the conclusion also applies in preparing this
section.
• Recommendations are one step further than the conclusion. They refer to concrete
actions to be done.
• It is also important to consider the different levels within your set of
recommendations such as a) for academic, b) for the policymakers, c) for
practitioners, and d) for the training/ education.
•Acceptable and credible recommendations show the following characteristics.
a) They must be logical by making sure that they flow sensibly from the conclusions.
b) They must be relevant which is achieved when they meet the purpose and the
scope as stated in the Introduction.
c) They must be concise by using words that are precise and give reason for the
recommendation is given only if necessary.
d) They must be clear by avoiding ambiguity particularly on how a recommendation
is to be implemented.
• Finally, the section on Recommendations should have the aim and effort to solve
problems in the study. The recommendations should ensure a continuous benefit to
individual persons and the larger society.

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