SW 101 REVIEWER ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF SOCIAL

WORK PRACTICE (GROUP 7)

THEORIES AND PERSPECTIVE IN
SOCIAL WORK (GROUP 6) 1. Problem
SYSTEM THEORY – The root, it looks at 2. Client/Person
the whole.
3. Worker/Place
 How persons interact with their
4. Process
environment.
 How the family system affects PROBLEM – What we desire to solve,
 An open system is a generally present of the person to the worker.
functional system.
CLIENT (PERSON - THE CLIENT
STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONALISM – SYSTEM) – The people we aid, essential
Views society as a complex system that has element.
independent parts. (The economy, legal
system, and healthcare.)  What Environment they stay in that
influence them
ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM THEORY –
WORKER (PLACE) – The one who will
Individual’s development influenced by a help the client. Known as The change
series of interconnected environment agent.
systems. Ranging from the immediate
surroundings to broad societal structures.  Where the social services are given.

ANTI-OPPRESSIVE (AOP) – PLANNED CHANGE – Desired change

originally from a decision to make a
Critical framework that guides us in a deliberate effort.
challenging and dismantling oppressive
structures and practices.  Sets of social workers to help a
client, they use a variety of help.
FEMINISM/GENDER – Concerned with  Prioritizes goals and needs.
social justice.
“The social work helping process as a
SENSTIVE & STRUCTURAL SOCIAL progressive transaction between helper and
WORK – Deals with people’s immediate client.” – Helen Harris Periman
needs. Who needs help?
 Mutual Agreement, both efforts.
GENERALIST SOCIAL WORK  Collaborative problem solving.
PROACTIVE FRAMEWORK – Work  Shared decision making.
with individuals, families, groups,
organization, social policies, and 5 STEPS OF SOCIAL WORK HELPING
communities. PROCESS

CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD 1. Assessment – A process and a product of

WORKERS; interview, data gathering, data collecting,
and initial contact. Can assess the problem
1. Ethical by this time. Professional Judgement.
2. Organized
3. Empathetic 2. Planning – Linked with assessment and
4. Respectful intervention. Creating an outline on how to
5. Patient resolve and ease the problem.
6. Trustworthy and dependable 3. Intervention/Implementation – The
7. Passionate needs of assessment to planning. Addresses
8. Educated and Professionally trained. the needs and in a path to solve the problem.
Elements; Three tiers of social work 4. Evaluation – The collection of data from
- Micro social work the outcome, through the program of action.
- Mezzo social work The rundown of the implementation.
- Macro social work 5. Termination – Ending the relationship.
 If the goals are met
 If there is very little movement
  The client thinks they can pursue  It is an aid to diagnostic assessment
problem solving on their own. leading to an improvement in the
 if the agency doesn’t have the individual or group’s psychosocial
necessary provisions. (Refer the function.
client to another service)
Clarification – To make an understandable
 If no long participating in the process
point or two, it is often used in connection
- Termination can take place
with exploration. Clarification should ensure
anytime. The helping relationship
that the worker and the client are on the
is important.
same thinking and understanding level.
Planned Change (Self-determination)
Confrontation – To bring the client to face
A. Change Force – Client is willing to the reality of a feeling, behavior, or
change, the willingness. situation. A form of limiting behavior which
faces a person with the fact that there is a
B. Resistance Force – Client is unwilling to
contradiction between his own statements
change, the unwilling.
and that the other sources and that his
behavior is irrational, that is a destructive to
self and to others.
SOCIAL WORK INTERVENTION
TECHNIQUES Support through ventilation – Allowing
the client to freely express his problems
Environmental modification – The without any restriction or inhibition.
intervention aimed at altering a person’s
physical or social environment to improve  Ventilation is an important technique
their well-being, quality of life, or ability to in therapy, particularly during the
function effectively. early phases.
 In which the client is allowed to talk
 Rooted in the understanding that the and freely share his/her thoughts,
environment plays a critical role in feelings, and emotions.
influencing individual behavior and  Very helpful for various reasons,
outcomes. firstly it provides the counselor with
Ex. A guidance room – a counseling/therapy the opportunity to learn and
room, to talk and counsel individuals. understand the client and his
problems.
 Putting them at ease with a new
environment.
 The physical structure affects the
person, modify.
 If cannot modify, relocate.
Small talk – Refers to inconsequential
conversation. It is almost all contacts
between the worker and the client. It is used
by the social worker at the beginning of a
contact, that is the first interview.
 We have to engage and get to know
the client.
 A technique to speak, talk, and let
them be at ease.
 We cannot pressure them to speak, it
is a slow process to peel off layers of
a person.
Exploration – It is used to elicit necessary
information; to bring out details about
experiences and relationships as the client
perceives them; and to examine the feelings
connected to the relationships and
experiences.