LIBERTY PAPER SET

STD. 12 ઃ Mathematics

Full Solution
Time ઃ 3 Hours ASSIGNTMENT PAPER 1

PART A

1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. (B) 5. (A) 6. (A) 7. (D) 8. (B) 9. (C) 10. (A) 11. (B) 12. (D) 13. (C)
14. (A) 15. (B) 16. (D) 17. (C) 18. (A) 19. (B) 20. (C) 21. (A) 22. (B) 23. (C) 24. (C) 25. (D) 26. (A)
27. (D) 28. (C) 29. (B) 30. (D) 31. (C) 32. (B) 33. (A) 34. (B) 35. (C) 36. (A) 37. (D) 38. (A)
39. (C) 40. (B) 41. (C) 42. (A) 43. (D) 44. (A) 45. (C) 46. (A) 47. (B) 48. (C) 49. (A) 50. (D)

PART B

∴ θ = sin–1x, θ ∈ ;− , E
SECTION A π π
2 2
= sin–1(2 sin θ 1 − sin 2 θ )
1.
= sin–1(2 sin θ cos θ)
4 12
«« L.H.S. = cos–1 + cos–1 = sin–1(sin 2θ)
5 13
4 12 1 1
Take, cos–1 =α , cos–1 =β Here, – <x<
5 13 2 2
π π
4 12 ∴ – sin < sin θ < sin
∴ cos α = , cos β = 4 4
5 13
∴ sin b − l < sin θ < sin
π π
5 13 4 4
3 5 π π
∴– <θ<
α β 4 4
4 12 π π
∴– < 2θ <
2 2
3 5
∴ sin α = , sin β =
∴ 2θ ∈ ;− , E
5 13 π π
....... (1)
Here, cos (α + β) = cos α cos β – sin α sin β 2 2
∴ sin–1(sin 2θ) = 2θ ( From equation (1))
= b l – c # m
4 12 3 5
#
5 13 5 13 = 2 sin–1x
48 15 = R.H.S.
= –
65 65
33 3.
cos (α + β) =
65
«« Suppose, u = xy and v = yx
= cos–1 c m
33
∴ α+β
65 ∴u+v=1
4 12 33 Now, differentiate w.r.t. x,
∴ cos–1 + cos–1 = cos–1
5 13 65
du + dv
=0 ...... (1)
dx dx
2.
Here, u = xy
2
«« L.H.S. = sin–1(2x 1−x ) Take both the sides log,
Suppose, x = sin θ, log u = ylogx
 Now, differentiate w.r.t. x, JK 3N
KK x − OOO
KK 2O
du 1 d d = sin–1 KK 41 OOO + c
u = y logx + log x y
dx dx dx KK OO
L 2 P
du 1 1 dy
= y . x + log x 2x − 3
e o +c
∴ u
dx dx ∴ I = sin–1
41
y dy
= u< F
du
∴ +
dx x log x dx 5.
y dy «« 9x2 + 16y2 = 144
= x < F
y

+
x logx dx 16y 2
9x 2
du dy ∴ + =1
144 144
∴ = xy–1 y + xy log ...... (2)
dx dx 2
Now, v = yx x2 y
+ =1
16 9
Take both the side log,
a2 = 16, a = 4 (a > b)

log v = xlogy b2 = 9, b = 3
Now, differentiate w.r.t. x, Y x =  4
1 dv d d x =  0
v = x logy + logy x (0,  b)
dx dx dx
1 dv dy (0,  3)
.1 +
∴ v dx = x y dx log y

∴
dv
= v<
x dy + F X' X
dx y dx log y (–4,  0) (0,  0) dx (4,  0)

dy
= y < F
x x
+ ...... (3)
y dx log y (0,  –3)

Put the value of equation (2) and (3) in equation (1),

dy dy (0,  –3)
xy–1 y + xy logx + yx–1 x + yx logy = 0
dx dx Y'
dy y Required Area : 2
[x logx + yx–1 x] = – yx logy – xy–1 y x2 + y =
dx A = 4 × Area bounded 1
16 9
x y−1 in the first quadrant
dy [y log y + x y] 2
= − y
∴ A = 4| I | ∴ y2 = 9 d1 − x n
dx [x logx + y x−1
x] 16
4 9
∴ y2 = (16 – x2)
4.
I = # y dx 16
3
0
∴ y2 = 16 − x 2
4
4
dx 3
«« I = # 2
I = # 4
16 − x 2 dx
8 + 3x − x 0
4
dx 3
= # I = # 16 − x 2 dx
− ^ x − 3x − 8 h
2 4
0

x 4
; 16 − x 2 + sin 1 c mE
dx 3 x 16
= # I =
4 2 2
−
4 0
−c x2 − 2 b l + 9 − 9 − 8 m
3x
2 4 4
;b ]0 g + 8 sin 1 ]1 gl − _0 + sin −1 ]0 giE
3 4 −
I =
4 2
dx
= #
b8 · l
3 π
−d b x − 3 l − 41 n
2
I =
4 2
2 4 I = 3π
dx Now, A = 4| I |
= # 2
n − bx − l
3 2 = 4|3π|
d
41
2 2 ∴ A = 12π sq. units
6. → Integrate both the sides,

«« As shown in the fig., the line y = 3x + 2, sec 2 y sec 2 x

# tan y dy = – # tan x dx
meets X-axis at c − , 0 m and its graph
2
^tan y h
d
]tan xg
3 d
dy dx
lie below X-axis for x ∈ c − 1, − m and above
2 ∴ # tan y dy = – # tan x dx
3
∴ log | tan y | = – log | tan x | + log | c |
X-axis for x ∈ c − , 1 m .
2
3 c
∴ log | tan y | = log tan x
y = 3x + 2
Y c
D ∴ tan y = tan x
∴ tan x · tan y = c;
A` j
−2
3 ,0
Which is required general solution of given differential
x=1
equation.

C
X' X 8.
O E
x = –1
«« Here,
B
AB = (1 – 2) it + (–3 + 1) tj + (–5 – 1) kt
Y' = – it – 2 tj – 6 kt
The required area AB = 1 + 4 + 36 = 41
= Area of the region ACBA + Area of the region ADEA BC = (3 – 1) it + (–4 + 3) tj + (–4 + 5) kt

− 32 = 2 it – tj + kt
1
= # (3x + 2) dx + # (3x + 2) dx BC = 4 +1+1 = 6
−1 −
2 and
3
CA = (2 – 3) it + (–1 + 4) tj + (1 + 4) kt
−2
+ b 3 x 2 + 2x l 2
1
= b 3 x 2 + 2x l 3
= – it + 3 tj + 5 kt
2 −1 2 −
3
CA = 1 + 9 + 25 = 35
= c b l – 4 m – b ]1 g + 2 ] –1gl + b ]1 g + 2 ]1 gl
3 4 3 3 Further, Note that
2 9 3 2 2 2
AB = 41
– c b l + 2 b – l m
3 4 2 = 6 + 35
2 9 3
2 2
= BC + CA
2 4 3 + 3 2 4
= – – 2 + +2– +
3 3 2 2 3 3 Hence, the triangle is a right angled triangle.
–2 3 + 3 2 9.
= – 2 + +2+
3 2 2 3 y + 19
x−8 z − 10
«« Line L1 : = − =
–4 – 9 + 12 9 + 12 + 4 3 16 7
= +
6 6
r = (8 it – 19 tj + 10 k ) + λ(3 it – 16 tj + 7 kt )
t
1 25
= + Direction of line b = 3 it – 16 tj + 7 kt
6 6 1

26 x − 15 y − 29 z−5
= Line L2 : = = −
6 3 8 5

=
13
sq. units.
r2 = (15 it + 29 tj + 5 kt ) + λ(3 it + 8 tj – 5 kt )
3 Direction of line b = 3 it + 8 tj – 5 kt
2
7. it tj kt
«« sec2x · tan y dx + sec2y tan x dy = 0 b1 × b2 = 3 − 16 7
∴ sec2x tan y dx = – sec2y tan x dy 3 8 −5

sec 2 y − sec 2 x = 24 it + 36 tj + 72 kt
∴ tan y dy = tan x dx
= 12(2 it + 3 tj + 6 kt )
 ∴ Direction of given line b = 2 it + 3 tj + 6 kt Also, P(A ∩ B) = P (odd Number on both throws)
9
A( a ) = it + 2 tj – 4 kt line on the line =
36
Vector equation of line : 1
x − x1 y − y1 z − z1 =
4
= =
l1 l2 l3 1 1
Now, P(A) · P(B) = #
y−2
2 2
x −1 z+4
= = 1
2 3 6 =
4
10. Cleary, P(A ∩ B) = P(A) · P(B)
Thus, A and B are independent events.
«« We have
a = 5 it + 2 tj – 4 kt yLku b = 3 it – 2 tj + 8 kt Au. SECTION B
Therefore, the vector equation of the line is
r = 5 it + 2 tj – 4 kt + λ(3 it – 2 tj + 8 kt ) 13.
Now, r is the position vector of any point P(x, y, z) «« Relation defined on R,
on the line. S = {(a, b) : a ≤ b3}

, b , l ∉ S ba # l
Therefore, x it + y tj + z kt 1 1 1 1 1
For a =
2 2 2 2 8
= 5 it + 2 tj – 4 kt + λ(3 it + 2 tj – 8 kt )
b , l ∉S
1 1
∴ ∴ S is not reflexive.
= (5 + 3λ) it + (2 + 2λ) tj + (– 4 – 8λ) kt 2 2
Suppose, (1, 5) ∈ S
Eliminating λ, we get
Then, (5, 1) ∉ S ^a 5 % 1h
x−5 y−2 z+4 ∴ S is not symmetric.
= = −
3 2 8 Suppose, (a, b) ∈ S and (b, c) ∈ S
Which is the equation of the line in cartesian form. ∴ a ≤ b3 and b ≤ c3
∴ b3 ≤ c9
11. Thus, a ≤ b3 ≤ c9
∴ a ≤ c9
«« P(E) = 0.6
∴ (a, c) ∉ S
P(F) = 0.3 ∴ S is not transitive.
P(E ∩ F) = 0.2 Hence, S is not reflexive, symmetric, transitive.
P ]E + F g
14.
P ]F g
P(E | F) =

0.2 «« A2 =A.A
= R V R V
0.3 SSS1 0 2WWW SSS1 0 2WWW
= SS0 2 1 WW SS0 2 1 WW
2 SS W S W
= 2 0 3W S2 0 3W
3
RST X T X
P ]E + F g
V SRS5 0 8 WVW
SS1 + 0 + 4 0 + 0 + 0 2 + 0 + 6WWW
P(F | E) =
P ]E g = SS0 + 0 + 2 0 + 4 + 0 0 + 2 + 3WW = SSS2 4 5 WWW
SS W SS W
0.2 S2 + 0 + 6 0 + 0 + 0 4 + 0 + 9WW 8 0 13W
= T X T X
0.6 A3 = A2 . A
1 R V R V
= SSS5 0 8 WWW SSS1 0 2WWW
3 SS2 4 5 WW SS0 2 1 WW
=
SS W S W
12. 8 0 13W S2 0 3W
T X T X
RS V
«« If all the 36 elementary events of the experiment are SS5 0 16 0 0 0 10 + 0 + 24WWW
+ + + +
= SS2 + 0 + 10 0 + 8 + 0 4 + 4 + 15 WW
considered to be equally likely, we have SS W
S8 + 0 + 26 0 + 0 + 0 16 + 0 + 39WW
18 = 1 T X
P(A) = and RS VW
36 2
SS21 0 34WW
18 = 1 = SS12 8 23WW
P(B) = S W
36 2 S34 0 55W
T X
 Now, L.H.S. = A3 – 6A2 + 7A + 2I 2 tan 1 x
−
∴ y1 =
2
RS V R V
SS21 0 34WWW SSS5 0 8 WWW
RS V
SS1 0 2WWW
RS V
SS1 0 0WWW 1+x
= SS12 8 23WW − 6 SS2 4 5 WW + 7 SS0 2 1 WW + 2 SS0 1 0WW ∴ (1 + x2) y1 = 2tan–1x
SS W S W SS W SS W
34 0 55W S8 0 13W 2 0 3W 0 0 1W
T X T X T X T X Differentiate again w.r.t. x,
SSR21 0 34VWW RSS− 30 0 − 48VWW RSS 7 0 14 VWW RSS2 0 0VWW
S W S W S W S W 2
= SS12 8 23WW + SSS− 12 − 24 − 30WWW + SS 0 14 7 WW + SS0 2 0WW ∴ (1 + x2) y2 + y1 . 2x =

SS WW S
34 0 55 S− 48 0 − 78W 14 0 21W SS WW SS
0 0 2W
W
(1 + x 2)
T X T X T X T X
RS V
SS 21 − 30 + 7 + 2 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 34 − 48 + 14 + 0WW ∴ (1 + x2)2 y2 + 2x(1 + x2) y1 = 2

W
= SS 12 − 12 + 0 + 0 8 − 24 + 14 + 2 23 − 30 + 7 + 0 WW
SS W
S34 − 48 + 14 + 0 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 55 − 78 + 21 + 2WW
TR V X 17.
SSS0 0 0WWW
= SS0 0 0WW = O = R.H.S. «« f (x) = 2x3 – 24x + 107
SS W
0 0 0W ∴ f  ‘(x) = 6x2 – 24
T X
→ For finding maximum and minimum value,
15.
f  ’(x) = 0
1 x yz ∴ 6x2 – 24 = 0
«« ∆ = 1 y zx
∴ 6x2 = 24
1 z xy
1 y ∴ x2 = 4
Co-factor of the element yz A13 = (–1)4
1 z ∴ x =±2
= (1) (z – y) ∴ x = 2 ∈ (1, 3) yLku x = –2 ∈ (–3, –1)
= (z – y) f (2) = 2(2)3 – 24(2) + 107
1 x = 16 – 48 + 107
Co-factor of the element zx A23 = (–1)5
1 z = 75
= (–1) (z – x) → a = 1, b = 3
=x–z f (a) = f (1)
1 x = 2(1)3 – 24(1) + 107
Co-factor of the element xy A33 = (–1)6
1 y = 2 – 24 + 107
= (1) (y – x) = 85
=y–x f (b) = f (3)
∆ = a13A13 + a23A23 + a33A33 = 2(3)3 – 24(3) + 107
= (yz)(z – y) + (zx)(x – z) + (xy)(y – x) = 54 – 72 + 107 = 89

= yz2 – y2z + zx2 – z2x + xy2 – x2y Absolute maximum value = max { 85, 89, 75}
= 89
= z (x2 – y2) + z2 (y – x) + xy (y – x)
→ –2 ∈ (–3, –1)
= z [(x – y) (x + y)] + z2 (y – x) + xy (y – x) f (–2) = 2(–2)3 – 24(–2) + 107
= (y – x) (– z (x + y) + z2 + xy) = 139
→ òu a = –3, b = –1

= (y – x) (–zx – yz + z2 + xy)
f (a) = f (–3)
= (y – x) (z(z – x) – y(z – x)) = 2(–3)3 – 24(–3) + 107
= (y – x) (z – x) (z – y) = –54 + 72 + 107

= (x – y) (y – z) (z – x) = 125
f (b) = f (–1)
16. = 2(–1)3 – 24(–1) + 107
y = (tan–1 x)2 Lkwt = –2 + 24 + 107
««
Differentiate w.r.t. x, = 129
dy 1 Absolute maximum value = max {139, 125, 129}
= 2tan–1 x .
dx 1 x2
+ = 139
18. it tj kt
Now, b1 × b2 = 7 −6 1
«« a = 2 it + 4 tj – 5 kt
1 −2 1
b = λ it + 2 tj + 3 kt

b1 × b2 = –4 it – 6 tj – 8 kt
∴ a + b = (2 + λ) it + 6 tj – 2 kt
≠ 0
Now, | a + b | = ^2 + λh2 + 36 + 4
∴ Lines are intersecting lines are skew lines.
2
= 4 + 4λ + λ + 40
Now, | b1 × b2 | = 16 + 36 + 64
2
= λ + 4λ + 44
= 116
Unit vector in the direction of sum of vectors
= 2 29
a and b
a2 – a1 = 4 it + 6 tj + 8 kt
a + b
=
a + b ∴ ( a2 – a1 ) · ( b1 × b2 )

^2 + λh it + 6tj − 2kt = (4 it + 6 tj + 8 kt ) · (–4 it – 6 tj – 8 kt )

=
λ 2 + 4λ + 44 = –16 – 36 – 64

^2 + λh it + 6tj − 2kt = –116

Now, The scalar product of
λ 2 + 4λ + 44 ≠ 0
it + tj + kt with ∴ Lines are skew line.
is equal to 1. Shortest distance between two lines,
]2 + λg it + 6tj − 2kt
∴ f p · ( it + tj + kt ) = 1 _a2 − a1 i · _b1 # b2 i
2 =
λ + 4λ + 44
b1 # b2
1
∴ e 2 o (2 + λ + 6 – 2) = 1 − 116
λ + 4λ + 44 =
116
2
∴ (λ + 6) = λ + 4λ + 44
= 116
∴ (λ + 6)2 = λ2 + 4λ + 44
= 4 # 29
∴ λ2 + 12λ + 36 = λ2 + 4λ + 44
= 2 29 unit
∴ 8λ = 8
∴ λ=1
20.

19. «« x + 2y < 8
3x + 2y < 12
x +1 = y +1 = z +1
«« 7 −6 1 x>0
y>0
L : r = (– it – tj – kt ) + λ(7 it – 6 tj + kt )
objective function Z = –3x + 4y
x−3 = y−5 = z−7
and −2
1 1 x + 2y = 8 ... (i) 3x + 2y = 12 ... (ii)
M : r = (3 it + 5 tj + 7 kt ) + µ( it – 2 tj + kt ) x 0 8 x 0 4
a1 = – it – tj – kt ; y 4 0 y 6 0

b1 = 7 it – 6 tj + kt Solving equation (i) and (ii),

∴ 8 – x = 12 – 3x
∴y=3
and a2 = 3 it + 5 tj + 7 kt ;

∴ 2x = 4 (2, 3)
b2 = it – 2 tj + kt ∴ x = 2
(0, 0)
 Y Hence, by Bayes’ Theorem, we have,
8 P (B 2) . P (E | B 2)
3x + 2y = 12
P(B2 | E) = P (B1) P (E | B1) + P (B 2) P (E | B 2) + P (B3) P (E | B3)
7
(0, 6) 0.35 # 0.04
6 =
0.25 # 0.05 + 0.35 # 0.04 + 0.40 # 0.02
5 0.0140
=
(0, 4) 0.0345
4
y=8

(2, 3)
28
=
3 69
x+2

2 SECTION C
1
(8, 0) 22.
X RS V R V
(0, 0) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SS1 0 2WWW SSSxWWW
(4, 0) [x –5 –1] SS0 2 1 WW SS4WW = O
«« SS W S W
2 0 3W S1 W RS VW
T X T X SSxWW
The shaded region in fig. is feasible region determined
\ [x + 0 – 2 0 – 10 + 0 2x – 5 – 3] SS4WW = O
by the system of constraints which is bounded. The co- SS WW
1
RS VW T X
ordinates of corner point (0, 0), (4, 0), (2, 3) and (0, 4). x
SS WW
Corner Point Corresponding value of \ [x – 2 – 10 2x – 8] SS4WW = O
SS WW
Z = –3x + 4y 1
T X
(0, 4) Z = 16 \ [x(x – 2) + (–10)(4) + (2x – 8) (1)] = O
(4, 0) Z = –12 ← Minimum \ [x2 – 2x – 40 + 2x – 8] = O
(2, 3) Z=6 \ [x2 – 48] = [0]
(0, 0) Z=0
\ x2 – 48 = 0
Thus, the Minimum value of 2 is –12 at point (4, 0).
\ x2 = 48

21. \ x = ! 48 = ! 4 3

«« Let events B1, B2, B3 be the following : 1 1 1

23. x + y + z = 6,
B1 : the bolt is manufactured by machine A
B2 : the bolt is manufactured by machine B 1 3
y + z = 11,
B3 : the bolt is manufactured by machine C
1 2 1
Clearly, B1, B2, B3 are mutually exclusive and x – y + z =0
exhaustive events and hence, they represent a partition «« The equation can be written as matrix form,
of the sample space. RS V RS 1 VW RS VW
SS1 1 1WWW SSS x WWW S6 W
Let the event E be ‘the bolt is defective’. SS0 1 3WW SS y WW = SSS11WWW
1
SS W S W SS WW
The event E occurs with B1 or with B2 or with B3. S1 − 2 1WW SS 1 WW S0W
T X T X z T X
Given that, RS 1 VW
RS V RS VW
P(B1) = 25% = 0.25, SS1 1 1WWW SS x WW
S W SS 6 WW
1
∴ A = S0 1 3W , X = S y W , B = SS11WW
S W S W
P(B2) = 0.35 and SS W SS 1 WW SS WW
S1 − 2 1WW SS z WW S0W
P(B3) = 0.40 T X T X T X
RS V
Again SS1 1 1WWW
| A | = SS0 1 3WW
P(E|B1) = Probability that the bolt drawn is defective SS W
S1 − 2 1WW
given that it is manufactured by machine T X
= 1(1 + 6) – 1(0 – 3) + 1(0 – 1)
A = 5% = 0.05 = 7 + 3 – 1
Similarly, P(E | B2) = 0.04, = 9 ≠ 0
P(E | B3) = 0.02 ∴ A–1 exists.
 SRS 7 − 3 2WVW 25.
S W
adj A = SS 3 0 − 3WW
SS W α
S− 1 3 1WW
T X h l
1
∴ A–1 = adj A
A
RS V r
S 7 − 3 2WWW
1 SS
= 3 0 − 3WW «« Suppose, radius of cone is r height is h and slant
9 SSS W
S− 1 3 1WW height is l.
T X
∴ AX = B ∴ l2 = h2 + r2 ............ (1)
∴ A–1 AX = A–1 B Suppose, semi-vertical angle is α.
∴ IX = A–1 B r
∴ tan α =
h
∴ X = A–1 B
r
SRS 7 − 3 2WVW SRS 6 WVW ∴ α = tan–1 c m
h
1 SS W S W
= S 3 0 − 3WW SS11WW 1
9 SS W S W πr2h
→ Volume of cone V =
S− 1 3 1WW SS 0 WW 3
T X T X 1
RS V
S 42 − 33 + 0WW =
3
π(l2 – h2)h
1 SS W
= 18 + 0 − 0WW
9 SSS W ( From equation (1))
S− 6 + 33 + 0WW
T X π 2
RS VW ∴ f (h) = (l h – h3)
SS 9 WW 3
1 S W π 2
= 18
9 SSS WWW f  ‘(h) =
3
(l – 3h2)
S27W
RS 1 VW T X π
SS x WW RS VW
1W ∴ f  ‘’(h) = (– 6h)
S 3
S1 W S W
SS y WW = SS2WW ∴ f  ‘’(h) = –2πh < 0
SS 1 WW SS WW
SzW S3W
T X ∴ f has minimum value
T X
1 1 1 → For finding maximum volume of cone,
∴ Solution : x = 1, y = 2, z = 3
f  ‘(h) = 0
1 1
∴ x = 1, y = z , z = π 2
3 ∴ (l – 3h2) =0
3
24. ∴ l2 – 3h2 = 0
∴ h + r2 – 3h2
2 = 0
«« x = a(cost + tsint)
∴ r2 – 2h2 = 0
dx
∴ = a(– sint + tcost + sint) ∴ r2 = 2h2
dt
dx ∴ r = 2h
∴ = atcost r
dt ∴ = 2
h
Now, y = a(sint – tcost) r
∴ Semi-vertical angle = tan–1 c m
dy h
∴ = a[cost + tsint – cost] = tan–1( 2 )
dt
dy
∴ = atsint 26.
dt
dy π
dy at sin t 4
log ]1 + tan xg dx
dt
∴ = =
at cos t = tant I = # ... (1)
dx dx ««
dt 0
Now, differentiate again w.r.t. x, π
By property (6), x = –x
d y
2 4
d d dy
n $ ]tan t g $
dt d dt π
= = 4
2 dt dx dx dt dx
log c1 + tan b x l m dx
dx π −
2
I = # 4
d y dt sec 2 t 0
= sec2t = at cos t
dx 2 dx π
4 π
− tan x
log >1 + H dx
2 tan
d y
=
sec3 t
;0<t<
π = # 4
π
2 at 2 1 + tan · tan x
dx 0 4
 π Thus, F(x, y) is a homogeneous function of degree
4
log c1 + +
1 − tan x m
= # 1 tan x
dx zero. Therefore, the given differential equation is a
0 homogeneous differential equation.
π
4 To solve it, we make the substitution
log c
1 + tan x + 1 − tan x m
I = # 1 + tan x
dx x = vy ... (2)
0
π Differentiating equation (2) with respect to y, we get
4
log b + l dx
2 dx dv
= # 1 tan x
dy
=v+y
dy
0
π dx
Substituting the value of x and in equation (1),
4 dy
= # (log(2) – log(1 + tan x)) dx we get,
0 v
π π dv 2 ve − 1
v + y =
4 4 dy 2e v
I = log 2 # 1 dx – # log(1 + tan x) dx
dv v
2 ve − 1
0 0 ∴ y = –v
π
dy 2e v
= log 2 5 x?0 – I
4
I ( From equation (1)) dv 1
∴ y =– v
dy 2e
2I = log 2 c 0m
π −
4 dy
π ∴ 2ev dv = – y
∴I= log 2
8
dy
27. #
∴ 2ev dv = – # y
«« The given differential equation can be written as  : ∴ 2ev = – log |y| + c
x
2x ] e g − y
y
dx x
=  ... (1) and replacing v by y , we get,
x
dy
2y ] e g
y x
2 ]e g
y
Let, + log | y | + c .... (3)
x
2x ] e g − y
y Substituting x = 0 and y = 1 in equation (3), we get
F(x, y) = x 2e0 + log |1| = c ⇒ c = 2
2y ] e g
y
Substituting the value of c in equation (3), we get
b 2x − yl
x
]e g y
x
2 ]e g
y
F(λx, λy) =
∴ + log | y | = 2
b 2y ]e g y l
x
which is the particular solution of the given differential

= λ0 F(x, y) equation.