Computer Application Assignment 1

1. Using MS-word prepare a report from any topic related to your research domain.

Add the following features:

a) Front type Times New Roman.

b) Front size 12 except heading (front size 14)
c) Double column.
d) Set border margin.
e) Insert table.
f) Insert picture using drawing canvas
g) Set-header (your name), footer (email) and page number.
h) Use superscript and subscript
i) Use hyperlink.

Page 1
Assignment Solution:

Steps :

1. Open System.

2. To Open a New Document -

 Launch Microsoft Word.
 Create a new blank document.

3. Write down the document.

4. To Set the font type and size –

 Select the entire document by pressing Ctrl + A & Go to the Home tab.
 In the Font group, select Times New Roman from the font dropdown menu.
 With the text still selected, set the font size to 12 from the font size dropdown
menu.
 To change the title font size, select title & change the font size to 14 using the
font size dropdown menu.

5. To set double columns –

 Select the document except the title & go to the Layout tab.
 Click on Columns in the Page Setup group & choose Two to set up double
columns.

6. To set Border Margin-

 In the Layout tab, click on Margins.
 Choose Custom Margins at the bottom of the dropdown menu.
 In the Page Setup window, set desired margins under the Margins tab.

7. To insert a Table
 Place the cursor where the table to be inserted.
 Go to the Insert tab & Click on Table in the Tables group. Select the number
of rows and columns needed.

8. To insert a Picture Using Drawing Canvas –

 Go to the Insert tab & Click on Shapes in the Illustrations group.
 Select New Drawing Canvas at the bottom of the dropdown menu.
 A drawing canvas will appear. Inside the canvas, click on Pictures (in the
Insert tab) and select desired image.

Page 2
9. To set Header, Footer, and Page Number –
 Double-click at the top of the page to open the header area & type author’s
name and format it as needed (font, size, alignment) to set header.
 To set Footer, double-click at the bottom of the page to open the footer area &
type author’s email address & format it as needed.
 To set Page Number, go to the Insert tab while still in the footer area
 Click on Page Number in the Header & Footer group.
 Choose the position and format for the page number.

10. To Use Superscript and Subscript –

 To use Superscript, Select the text or number press Ctrl, Shift, and the Plus
sign (+) at the same time.
 To use Subscript, press Ctrl and the Equal sign (=) at the same time. (Not
pressing Shift.)

11. To use Insert Hyperlink

 Highlight the text or image you want to turn into a hyperlink.
 Right-click and select Link (or go to the Insert tab and click Link in the Links
group).
 In the Insert Hyperlink dialog box, enter the URL in the Address field & click
OK.

12. Final Review

 Review document to ensure all formatting is correct.
 Save the document by clicking on the Save icon or pressing Ctrl + S.

Page 3
Crime propensities among school children in Kolkata during
last decade and its probable solutions
--------------
Pritom Banerjee1

Abstract
Basically school children are below 18 years and as such they are considered as immatured. As a
result frequently they can not understand the consequences of their misdeeds. Hence on several
occasions they get involved with commission of various offences which are including even heinous
offences like theft, cheating, grievous hurt, murder etc. Offences committed by them are also
termed as ‘Juvenile Delinquency’. The current research is an attempt to explore the various factors
like family background, economic background, social background etc. upon the various delinquent
school children particularly at Kolkata in order to find out the basic reasons of various crime
propensities in them and to find out the probable remedies in order to mitigate this problem.
According to Section 82 of The Indian Penal Code, 1860 “Nothing is an offence which is done by a
child under seven years of age”,which is also known as “Doli incapax” 2. Section 83 of the said Code
also provides that “Nothing is an offence which is done by a child above seven years of age and
under twelve, who has not attained sufficient maturity of understanding to judge of the nature and
consequences of his conduct on that occasion”, which is also known as “Malitia Supplet Aetatem” 3.
The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 which is already been declared to be implemented from 1 st July ,
2024 in substitution of Indian Penal Code,1860 also provides section 20 and section 21 same as the
provisions of section 82 and 83 of The Indian Penal Code. Juvenile delinquency or various crimes by
school children is not a new concept but the problem is that during the last decade particularly such
type of crimes are increasing at an alarming rate and moreover by virtue of the scientific
amelioration or technological prosperity various new trends of juvenile delinquencies have emerged
like cyber crimes, various white collar crimes, computer games based crimes, facebook page related
crimes etc. As such present study is an attempt to focus on various types of juvenile delinquencies
with new trends particularly with special reference to school children at Kolkata.

1
PHD student of law under Adamas University

2 ‘ Doli incapax’ is the latin maxim

3 ‘ Malitia Supplet Aetatem” is the latin maxim

 2

Introduction
The first central legislation about the care, protection, treatment, development and rehabilitation of
neglected or delinquent juveniles and for the adjudication of certain matters relating to and
disposition of delinquent juveniles was introduced in India in 1986 viz. The Juvenile Justice Act, 1986.
The said Act was repealed by virtue of introduction of new law viz. The Juvenile Justice (Care and
Protection of Children) Act, 2000 which made an attempt to remedy the juveniles in conflict with law
and children in need of care and protection, by providing for proper care, protection and treatment
by catering to their development needs and by adopting a child friendly approach in the adjudication
and disposition of matters in the best interest of children and for their ultimate rehabilitation
through various institutions established under this enactment. Subsequently the said Act was also
repealed by passing of The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015. This new
legislation was introduced for the interest of children in conflict with law and children in need of
care and protection by catering to their basic needs through proper care, protection, development,
treatment, social re-integration, by adopting a child-friendly approach in the adjudication and
disposal of matters in the best interest of children and for their rehabilitation through processes
provided and institutions and bodies established, hereinunder and for matters connected therewith
or incidental thereto. As such the frequent repeal of earlier laws and subsequent legislations prove
the importance of the issue of juvenile delinquency and its changing forms and varieties with the
advancement of time. As such the present research work focusing the trends of juvenile delinquency
among school children at Kolkata during the last ten years ie basically after the introduction of the
new law ie The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015.

As per new Act “Child in conflict with law” 1 means a child who is
alleged or found to have committed an offence and who has not completed eighteen years of age on
the date of commission of such offence. As such under the present law juvenile delinquents will be
considered of those children irrespective of their sex who are under 18 years. Apart from the Act The
Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Model Rules, 2016 was passed in order to
accomplish the objectives of the said Act. As per the definitions provided by the new Act ‘child’ and
‘juvenile’ both words are having the same meaning.

1 Section2(13) of The Juvenile Justice(Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 has defined the term “child in conflict with law”.
 3

Almost a decade is going to be passed since the enactment of the Juvenile Justice
(Care and Protection of Children) Act,2015, there are ample incidents of juvenile delinquency taken
place at Kolkata particularly by school children. As such keeping in mind the present scenario an
attempt is going to be made in this research work that how much the said Act is fit to combat the
situation so as to bring back those delinquent children in the mainstream of the society after
analysing the principal causes of their various types of delinquencies. The instant research work also
aims to make an assessment of the performance of Juvenile Justice Board 1 in order to accomplish
the objectives of the new Act.

By scientific and technological developments various new types of offences are

reported to have been committed by various children during last decade such as white collar crimes,
computer games related crimes, cyber crimes, online game related crimes, facebook related crimes,
hacking of computers etc. How far the Act of 2015 is competent to rectify those delinquent children,
what are the loopholes present in the said Act and what further better alternatives can be suggested
in order to mitigate these new challenges are the prime concern of the instant research. It is
pertinent to mention here that The Juvenile Justice (Care And Protection of Children) Amendment
Act, 2021 is passed by which various provisions of the Act of 2015 have been amended and in this
research work it is to be examined the impact of such amendment upon the principal Act of 2015.
Various Supreme Court decisions on Juvenile Justice Act are to be discussed and analysed along with
relevant Calcutta High Court decisions in order to find out more efficacious remedies to bring back
the delinquent children in the main stream of the society.

It is to be further mentioned here that in exercise of the powers conferred by the

proviso to sub-section (1) of section 110 of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act,
2015, on 1st September, 2022, the Central Government makes the amendments of the Juvenile
Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Model Rules, 2016. The present research work will also
examine the impact of such amendments in respect of child welfare.

1 Juvenile Justice Board is formed by virtue of Section 4 of The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 by the State Government for every

district for exercising the powers and discharging its functions relating to children in conflict with law under this Act