Media and Information

Literacy
Cat Know-tes
1st Semester | Midterms

Audiences Negotiate Meaning: Audiences

L1: Media
actively interpret media, not passively
MEDIA consume it.
What is “Media”? Media Are Commercial Entities: Mainstream
media typically represents the
refers to the physical objects or methods establishment.
used for communication, such as radio, TV, Media Have Unique Form and Content: Each
computers, or film. It includes any tool that medium has its distinct impact.
delivers media messages, like books, Media Products Are Shared: Media becomes
movies, songs, paintings, video games, part of common culture.
social media, photos, podcasts, and TV.
INFORMATION LITERACY
CHARACTERISTICS OF MEDIA
Refers to the ability to recognize when
Expensive to produce: information is needed and to locate, evaluate,
use, and communicate it in various formats.
Requires technology, human resources
(journalists, editors, actors), and distribution, Knowledge vs. Information
often managed by large organizations. Information is transitory, while knowledge is
Controlled or regulated structured, organized, and enduring.
Information resides in messages; knowledge resides
Subject to oversight by state or non-state
in the mind.
authorities, such as professional associations or
Information is open to interpretation; knowledge
businesses.
reflects what has already been interpreted by the
Sophisticated technology person.
Innovations in information and communication Not all information is true.
technology drive media development.
Key Concepts of Information Literacy
INFORMATION Knowing what information is necessary.
Articulating that information effectively.
What is “Media”?
Locating, accessing, and understanding
Refers to data, knowledge from study or information.
experience, and signals or symbols. Evaluating information for credibility,
In media, it describes knowledge of events authenticity, and relevance.
or situations gathered via communication or Communicating information to others as
news. needed.
Involves basic skills: reading, writing, and Using information to achieve specific purposes.
numeracy; or competence in a specific area. Ethically and responsibly sharing understanding
Print Literacies in an appropriate form and medium.
Society relies heavily on print media for Utilizing ICT to process information.
authoring, recording, publishing, and
TECHNOLOGY LITERACY
sharing information.
Ability to use digital technology and
New Literacies
communication tools to locate, evaluate, use, and
Evolve with media advancements through
create information.
information and communication technology.
Involves understanding and using information
from various sources in a digital format.
TYPES OF LITERACY
Includes skills for reading and interpreting media,
MEDIA LITERACY manipulating data and images, and applying new
Ability to access, analyze, evaluate, create, knowledge from digital environments.
and act using all forms of communication. Classifications of Technology Literacy
Involves understanding mass media, its
Hardware Literacy: Skills needed to operate
techniques, and effects.
basic devices like desktop computers,
Also refers to the skill of decoding, analyzing,
smartphones, televisions, and radios.
evaluating, and producing communication in
Software Literacy: Ability to use software
various forms.
programs and instructions necessary for
What is the nature of Media? operating a computer system.
All Media Are Constructions: Media are not a. System Software:
objective reflections of reality. Programs for starting and running
Media Constructs Reality: Media offers computers (e.g., operating systems,
observations and experiences of reality. peripherals).
b. Application Software
Disclaimer: All rights reserved to the authors. The reviewers Programs for specific tasks (e.g., web
made by Cat Know-tes are just supplementary materials. All browsers, word processors,
information is seen in your respective textbooks. spreadsheets). MIL | 02
 Media and Information
Literacy
Cat Know-tes
1st Semester | Midterms

L1: Media EVOLUTION OF MEDIA (AGE)

c. Computer Programming Tools PREHISTORIC AGE (BEFORE 1700S):
Tools for developers to create and
maintain software. Discovery of fire, development of paper, and
forging of tools.
c. Computer Programming Tools
Innovations: Cave paintings, clay tablets,
Coordinates communication between
papyrus in Egypt, woodblock printing.
linked computers.
Applications Literacy: Knowledge and skills INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700S-1930S):
needed to use software packages efficiently Discovery of steam power and machine tools.
(e.g., personnel and inventory management Innovations: Printing press, newspapers (e.g.,
software). London Gazette), typewriter, telephone, motion
pictures, telegraph.
Media Literacy vs. Information Literacy
Media Literacy: Focuses on understanding ELECTRONIC AGE (1930S-1980S):
media functions, evaluating their Invention of the transistor led to efficient long-
performance, and engaging with media for distance communication.
self-expression. Innovations: Transistor radio, television, early
Information Literacy: Emphasizes the computers (e.g., EDSAC, UNIVAC), personal
importance of accessing, evaluating, and computers (e.g., HP 9100A, Apple 1).
ethically using information.
INFORMATION AGE (1900S-2000S):
Interconnection of Media and
Internet enabled faster communication and
Information Literacy
social networks.
Media and information literacy are Innovations: Digital voice, sound, data; web
interconnected, serving complementary browsers (e.g., Mosaic, Internet Explorer), blogs
purposes: from receiving and assessing (e.g., Blogspot, WordPress), social networks (e.g.,
information to disseminating it, enhancing Facebook), search engines (e.g., Google),
its usefulness for everyone. portable computers.

L1: Evolution of Media SIGNIFICANCE OF MEDIA IN DEMOCRACY

TECHNOLOGICAL DETERMINISM The Philippines is a Republican and
Technological determinism is the theory that Democratic State.
technology significantly shapes and Democracy is based on:
determines social structures and cultural Sovereignty of the people
values, a viewpoint developed by Canadian Free exchange of ideas
theorist Marshall McLuhan. Media facilitates the free exchange of ideas,
realizing the will of the people.
Evolution of Media Two-fold function of media in democracy:
“Medium is the Message” To inform citizens
The use of media profoundly affects society To scrutinize those who govern
and marks milestones in civilization. Media is a site for citizens to obtain
Technological advancements shape information and express ideas freely without
economic and cultural change. fear of coercion.
Technology's power is often given by those
who use it.
Capacity to use Media
Dependent on:
Media technology
Capital investment
Professional skills
Capacity to Consume Media:
Dependent on:
Literacy skills
Availability of surplus income
Motivation to use media

Disclaimer: All rights reserved to the authors. The reviewers

made by Cat Know-tes are just supplementary materials. All
information is seen in your respective textbooks. MIL | 02