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Jr phy

The document outlines various physics topics including motion in a straight line and plane, laws of motion, system of particles, gravitation, mechanical properties of solids, thermal properties of matter, work, power, energy, oscillations, and thermodynamics. It includes problems and derivations related to each topic, such as equations of motion, conservation laws, and properties of materials. Additionally, it features additional questions on concepts like Newton's law of cooling and specific heat capacities.

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Anuradha K
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21 views

Jr phy

The document outlines various physics topics including motion in a straight line and plane, laws of motion, system of particles, gravitation, mechanical properties of solids, thermal properties of matter, work, power, energy, oscillations, and thermodynamics. It includes problems and derivations related to each topic, such as equations of motion, conservation laws, and properties of materials. Additionally, it features additional questions on concepts like Newton's law of cooling and specific heat capacities.

Uploaded by

Anuradha K
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JR PHYSICS 4MARKS

1. MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE


1 2
1. Derive the equations 𝑆 =𝑢𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡
2
2. A particle move rectilinearly with uniform acceleration. It’s velocity at time t=0 is V 1
and at time t =t is V2. Average velocity of the particle in this time interval is
(V1 + V2 ) / 2
3. A stone dropped from a height 300m and at the same time another stone is projected
vertically upwards with a velocity 100m/s. find when and where the two stones meet
4. A ball is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of 20m/sec from the top of a
multistory building. The height of the point from where the ball is thrown is 25m
from ground
(i) how high will the ball rise? (ii) how long will it before the ball hits the ground
5. A car travels the first third of a distance with a speed of 10kmph, the second third at
20kmph and the last third at 60kmph. What is its mean speed over the entire distance?
6. A man walks on a straight road from his home to a market 2.5 km away with a speed
of 5 km/hr. Finding the market closed , he instantly turns and walks back home with a
speed of 7.5 km/hr. What is the (a) magnitude of average velocity and (b) average
speed of the man over the time interval 0 to 50 min.
7. Two balls are projected from the same point in directions 300 and 600 with respect to
the horizontal. What is the ratio of their initial velocities, if they
(a) attain the same height (b) have the same range
8. A car moving along a straight highway with speed of 126 km/hr. is brought to stop
within a distance of 200m. What is the retardation of the car and how long does it take
for the car to stop

2. MOTION IN A PLANE
1. State the parallelogram law of vectors. Derive an expression for the magnitude
and direction of the resultant vector.
2. unit vector, null vector, and position vector.
3. If a + b = a – b prove that the angle between a and b is 90
4. Show that the trajectory of an object throws at certain angle with the horizontal is a
parabola.
u 2 sin 2  u 2 sin 2
5. Show that the maximum height and range of a projectile are and
2g g
respectively
6. Show that for a projectile launched at an angle 45, the maximum height of the
projectile is one quarter of the range
  
7. A force of 2 i + j − k newton’s acts on a body which is initially at rest. At the end of
  
20 sec the velocity of the body is 4 i + 2 j − 2 k m/sec. what is the mass of the body

3.LAWS OF MOTION
1. Define the terms momentum and impulse. State and explain the law of conservation
of linear momentum. Give its examples
2. Why are shock absorbers used in motor cycles and cars?
3. Explain advantages and disadvantages of friction
4. Mention the methods used to decrease friction
5. Why pulling the lawn roller is preferred than pushing the lawn roller?
6. State Newton’s second law of motion. Hence derive the equation of motion F = ma
7. Explain the terms limiting friction, dynamic friction and rolling friction.

4. SYSTEM OF PARTICLES
1. Distinguish between centre of mass and centre of gravity
2. Define vector product. Explain the properties of a vector product with two examples.
3. Define angular velocity. Derive v = r  .
4. Define angular acceleration and torque. Establish the relation between angular
acceleration and torque.
5. State and prove the principle of conservation of angular momentum. Explain the
principle of conservation of angular momentum with examples.
6. Find the centre of mass of three particles at the vertices of an equilateral triangle, the
masses of the particles are 100 g, 150 g, and 200 g respectively. Each side of the
equilateral triangle is 0.5 m long.
7. The moment of inertia of a flywheel making 360 revolutions per minute is 0.3 kgm 2 .
Find the torque required to bring it to rest in 20 sec.
8. Find the torque of a force 7i +3j -5k about the origin. The force acts on a particle
whose position vector is i – j + k
9. Write the equations of motion for a particle rotating about a fixed axis

5. GRAVITATION
1. State the kepler’s laws of planetary motion
2. Derive an expression for the variation of acceleration due to gravity (a) above and
(b) below the surface of the earth
3. What is orbital velocity? Obtain an expression for it.
4. What is escape velocity? Obtain an expression for it
5. What is a geostationary satellite? State its uses.
6. Derive the relation between acceleration due to gravity (g) at the surface of a planet
and gravitational constant (G)

6. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS

1. Define modulus of elasticity, stress, strain and Poisson’s ratio

2. Define young’s modulus, bulk modulus and rigidity modulus

3. Define stain energy and derive the equation for the same

4. Describe the behaviour of a wire under gradually increasing load?


5. Define stress. Explain types.
6. Define strain. Explain types.

7. THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER


1. Pendulum clocks generally go fast in winter and slow in summer. Why
2. In what way is the anomalous behaviour of water advantageous to aquatic animals?

3. Explain conduction, convection, and radiation with examples.

4. Write a short notes on triple point of water.

5. A body cools from 600C to 400C in 7 minutes what will be its temperature after next 7
minutes if the temperature of its surroundings is 100C.
6. Two identical rectangular strips one of copper and the other of steel are riveted
together to form a bimetal strip. What will happens on heating
7. Explain Celsius and Fahrenheit scales temperature.

8 MARKS

1. WORK POWER ENERGY


1. a) State and prove law of conservation of energy in case of a freely falling
body (b) A machine gun fires 360 bullets per minute and each bullet travels with a
velocity of 600 m/sec. If the mass of each bullet is 5gm, find the power of the
machine gun?
2. (a) Develop the notions of work and kinetic energy and show that it leads to
work energy theorem?
(b) Calculate the time needed for a net force of 5 N to change the velocity of a 10 kg
mass by 2 m/s
3. (a) What are collisions? Explain the possible types of collisions? Develop the theory
of one dimensional elastic collision
(b) A pump is required to lift 600 kg of water per minute from a well 25 m deep and
to eject it with a speed of 50m/sec . Calculate the power required to perform the
above task?
2. OSCILLATIONS
1. (a) Show that the motion of simple pendulum is simple harmonic and hence
derive an equation for its time period. What is second’s pendulum,
(b) what is the length of second’s pendulum
2. (a) Define simple harmonic motion. Show that the motion of projection of a particle
performing uniform circular motion, on any diameter, is simple harmonic
(b) A particle executes SHM such that the maximum velocity during the oscillation
is numerically equal to half the maximum acceleration, what is the time period
3. (a) Derive the equation for the kinetic energy and potential energy of a simple
harmonic oscillator and show that the total energy of a particle in simple harmonic
motion is constant at any point in its path
(b) What happens to the energy of a simple harmonic oscillator if its amplitude is
doubled
3. THERMODYNAMICS
1. (a) Explain reversible and irreversible processes. Describe the working of Carnot
engine. Obtain an expression for the efficiency.
(b) The temperature of heat source is 100oC and the temperature of sink is
27oC, then find the efficiency of heat engine?
2. (a) State second law of thermodynamics. How is heat engine different from a
refrigerator??
(b) A refrigerator is to maintains eatables kept inside at 90 C. If room temperature
is 360 C, calculate the coefficient of performance.

ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS
1. State and explain Newton’s law of cooling. State the conditions under whichNewton’s
law of cooling is applicableA body cools down from 600C to 500C in5minutes and
to 400C in another 8 minute. Find the temperature of the surroundings.

2. Explain surface tension and surface energy.


3. Explain dynamic lift with example

4. Define Cp , Cv .Derive a relation between the two specific heat capacities of gas on the
basis of first law of thermodynamics
5. Explain the kinetic interpretation of temperature
6. How specific heat capacity of mono, di, and poly atomic gases can be explained on the
basis of law of equipartition of energy
7. Explain the concept of absolute zero of temperature on the basis of kinetic theory.
8. Define Hooke’s law of elasticity, proportionality limit, permanent set and breaking
stress
9. Explain about the centre of mass of earth moon system and its rotation around the sun
10. State and prove parallel axes theorem
11. State and prove perpendicular axes theorem

ALL THE BEST

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