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Mandatory Homework (Batch Oct) (1)

The document consists of a series of multiple-choice questions covering various biological concepts, including cell structure, respiration, photosynthesis, and genetics. It assesses knowledge on prokaryotic cells, viruses, fungi, and the functions of different organelles and processes in living organisms. The questions also explore topics such as enzyme activity, osmosis, hormonal control, and the impact of environmental changes.

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5 views

Mandatory Homework (Batch Oct) (1)

The document consists of a series of multiple-choice questions covering various biological concepts, including cell structure, respiration, photosynthesis, and genetics. It assesses knowledge on prokaryotic cells, viruses, fungi, and the functions of different organelles and processes in living organisms. The questions also explore topics such as enzyme activity, osmosis, hormonal control, and the impact of environmental changes.

Uploaded by

fmojo541
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. Which of the following is a key feature of all prokaryotic cells?

a) Presence of mitochondria
b) Absence of a cell wall
c) DNA present in a nucleoid region
d) Presence of a nucleus

2. Viruses are considered non-living because:


a) They have no nucleus
b) They cannot reproduce independently
c) They have a protein coat
d) They cause diseases

3. Which of the following is not found in fungi?


a) Chitin cell walls
b) Chloroplasts
c) Glycogen as a storage molecule
d) Saprotrophic nutrition

4. Which kingdom does an organism with the following characteristics belong to?

o Unicellular

o Has a nucleus

o Moves using pseudopodia


a) Bacteria
b) Protoctista
c) Fungi
d) Animalia

5. Which organelle is present in both bacterial and plant cells?


a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Ribosomes
d) Golgi apparatus

6. What is the function of mesosomes in bacteria?


a) Protein synthesis
b) Cellular respiration
c) Photosynthesis
d) DNA replication

7. Which of the following statements about mitochondria is correct?


a) They contain 70S ribosomes like prokaryotes
b) They produce glucose for the cell
c) They transport oxygen to tissues
d) They only exist in plant cells

8. Which of the following organisms has no nucleus, but has DNA and a cell wall?
a) Fungi
b) Bacteria
c) Virus
d) Algae

9. Which biological molecule contains phosphorus as a key component?


a) Glucose
b) Starch
c) DNA
d) Amino acids

10. What is the main reason enzymes become denatured at high temperatures?
a) The active site changes shape due to protein denaturation
b) The substrate molecules break down
c) The enzyme’s structure dissolves
d) The enzyme permanently binds to the substrate

11. In which of the following conditions would amylase function the fastest?
a) pH 2, 10°C
b) pH 7, 37°C
c) pH 12, 50°C
d) pH 9, 25°C

12. Which statement about osmosis is correct?


a) It requires ATP
b) It moves solutes from low to high concentration
c) It occurs only in plant cells
d) It involves the movement of water across a partially permeable membrane

13. A red blood cell is placed in a solution and shrinks. This happens because the solution is:
a) Isotonic
b) Hypotonic
c) Hypertonic
d) Neutral

14. Which transport process moves ions against a concentration gradient in root hair cells?
a) Osmosis
b) Diffusion
c) Active transport
d) Passive transport

15. Why is chlorophyll essential for photosynthesis?


a) It absorbs carbon dioxide
b) It captures light energy
c) It provides structural support
d) It produces ATP directly

16. In a variegated leaf experiment, the white areas of the leaf turn iodine brown after starch testing. What
does this indicate?
a) Photosynthesis occurs in non-green parts
b) No starch was produced in white areas
c) Light is not required for starch production
d) Carbon dioxide is not necessary for photosynthesis

17. Which mineral is necessary for chlorophyll synthesis?


a) Iron
b) Magnesium
c) Calcium
d) Sodium

18. Why do muscle cells switch to anaerobic respiration during exercise?


a) There is insufficient oxygen
b) Glucose is unavailable
c) Lactic acid is required for energy production
d) The mitochondria stop working

19. Which waste product is formed in yeast during anaerobic respiration?


a) Lactic acid
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Urea
d) Oxygen

20. What adaptation allows alveoli to have an efficient gas exchange?


a) Thick walls
b) Large surface area
c) Low blood supply
d) Active transport

21. What happens to the diaphragm during inhalation?


a) Relaxes and moves up
b) Contracts and moves down
c) Contracts and moves up
d) Expands sideways

22. Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood to the heart?


a) Pulmonary vein
b) Pulmonary artery
c) Vena cava
d) Aorta

23. How do guard cells control the stomata?


a) Expanding to close stomata when turgid
b) Expanding to open stomata when turgid
c) Absorbing nitrogen
d) Transporting sucrose

24. Which substance is not excreted by the kidney?


a) Urea
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Excess water
d) Salt

25. Where does ultrafiltration occur in the kidney?


a) Loop of Henle
b) Glomerulus
c) Collecting duct
d) Ureter

26. Which part of the brain controls involuntary actions?


a) Cerebrum
b) Medulla
c) Cerebellum
d) Hypothalamus

27. Which endocrine gland produces insulin?


a) Adrenal gland
b) Pancreas
c) Pituitary gland
d) Thyroid gland

28. What is the role of the testes?


a) Producing testosterone
b) Producing eggs
c) Absorbing oxygen
d) Producing digestive enzymes

29. Which hormone maintains the uterus lining during pregnancy?


a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Adrenaline

30. In flowering plants, fertilization occurs when:


a) Pollen lands on the stigma
b) Pollen reaches the ovary
c) Pollen tube fuses with the ovule
d) Ovules are dispersed

31. Photosynthesis Rate Graph Interpretation

A student measures the rate of photosynthesis by counting oxygen bubbles produced by an aquatic plant at different
light intensities. The results are plotted on a graph.

What is the most likely reason the graph levels off at high light intensities?
a) The plant stops photosynthesizing.
b) Light is no longer the limiting factor.
c) The plant produces too much oxygen.
d) The carbon dioxide concentration decreases.
32. Experimental Variables

In an enzyme experiment, a student investigates how temperature affects the breakdown of starch by amylase.

Which variable should be kept constant?


a) Temperature of the solution
b) Volume of the enzyme
c) pH of the solution
d) All of the above

33. Respiration Experiment Analysis

A student investigates respiration in yeast by measuring the volume of carbon dioxide produced at different
temperatures.

Which conclusion is most likely correct if the experiment shows maximum CO₂ production at 37°C?
a) Respiration is faster at 0°C
b) Enzymes in yeast work best at body temperature
c) Respiration rate remains constant regardless of temperature
d) Yeast stops respiring after 10 minutes

34. Osmosis Experiment

A student places potato cylinders into different sucrose solutions.

Which observation suggests that the external solution is hypertonic?


a) The potato cylinders increase in mass
b) The potato cylinders decrease in mass
c) The potato cylinders become rigid
d) The potato cylinders remain unchanged

35. Blood Pressure & Heart Rate Graph

A graph shows a person’s heart rate increasing after exercise.

What is the main reason for this increase?


a) More oxygen is needed for aerobic respiration
b) Carbon dioxide needs to be stored in cells
c) The body absorbs more lactic acid
d) The nervous system slows down

36. Transport in Plants

Why do xylem vessels contain lignin?


a) To transport glucose
b) To store water
c) To provide structural strength
d) To conduct photosynthesis

37. Hormonal Control


Which hormone is responsible for ovulation in the menstrual cycle?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
d) Testosterone

38. Nervous System Response

A reflex action is faster than a normal response because:


a) The brain does not process the response
b) More neurons are involved
c) It is controlled by the hypothalamus
d) It requires conscious thought

39. Environmental Science

Deforestation leads to an increase in carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere because:


a) Fewer trees absorb CO₂ during photosynthesis
b) CO₂ is trapped inside trees
c) It reduces oxygen production
d) It stops respiration in animals

40. Selective Breeding vs. Genetic Engineering

Which of the following is an advantage of genetic engineering over selective breeding?


a) It takes longer to produce desired traits
b) It does not involve altering DNA
c) It allows for precise modification of genes
d) It only works in plants

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