1.

) ACTIONS OF FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

2.) 10 MANAGERIAL ROLES
3.) 4 LEVELS OF GOALS AND PLANS
4.) 3 MANAGERIAL LEVELS
5.) 6 PURPOSES OF GOALS AND PLANS
6.) 5 ORGANIZATIONAL PLANNING PROCESS CYCLES
7.) 4 MANAGERIAL OBJECTIVES (MBO)
8.) 2 TYPES OF PLANS
9.) 2 TYPES OF SINGLE-USE PLANS
10.) 3 TYPES OF STANDING PLANS
11.) 3 WAYS FOR MANAGERS TO PLAN FOR A TURBULENCE
12.) 3 CATEGORIES OF UNDER DECISIONS
13.) 2 TYPES OF DECISIONS
14.) 3 types of models
15.) 6 DECISION MAKING PROCESS
16.) 4 COMPONENTS OF THE CHAIN OF COMMAND
17.) 3 CHARACTERISTICS OF AUTHORITY
18.) 2 TYPES OF SPAN OF MANAGEMENT
19.) 2 HIERARCHICAL LEVELS AT WHICH DECISIONS ARE MADE
20.) 5 APPROACHES TO STRUCTURAL DESIGN UNDER
DEPARTMENTALIZATION
6 APPROACHES TO STRUCTURAL DESIGN UNDER DEPARTMENTATLIZATION
21.) 2 THINGS THAT HAPPEN WHEN AN ORGANIZATION GROWS AND
EVOLVES
22.) 3 INNOVATION STRATEGIES OF AN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
23.) 2 TYPES OF COOPERATION
24.) 4 ROLES IN AN ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
25.) 3 TYPES OF CURRENT PROBLEMS THAT HELP ADDRESS MANAGERS
26.) 3 OD ACTIVITIES
27.) 4 FACTORS AFFECTING PERSONAL BIAS
28.) 3 FACTORS AFFECTING WOMEN’S CAREER’
29.) 4 CLASSIFICATIONS OF OD INTERVENTIONS
30.) Organizational units are differentiated not only by goals and work
activities but also
31.) Importance of learning how to organize
32.) CRISIS MANAGEMENT
33.) Advantages of MBO
34.) Disadvantages of MBO
35.) WORKPLACE DIVERSITY
36.) 3 aspects of organization
37.) 2 organizational behaviors
38.) 3 components of attitudes
39.) 2 high performance work attitudes
40.) 3 components under perception
41.) 4 perceptual distortion
42.) 2 type of attribution
43.) 3 factors that influence the kind of attributions
44.) 2 common attribution errors
45.) 4 work-related attributes and behaviors influenced by personality
46.) 4 emotional intelligence
47.) 4 types of work stress
48.) 4 pillars of moral leadership
49.) 4 steps of person-job fit
50.) Key aspects of influence
51.) 8 generic influence tactics
52.) Power affects organizational members in the three areas:
53.) 5 bases of power
54.) Various disciplines in organizational behavior
55.) Expanding on the Leadership Skills

56.) Big 5 personality factors
57.) Learning style types
58.) 3 types of power
59.) Relationship of power and influence
60.) Effect of work stress
61.) Strategies to combat growing stress level
62.) Examples of “influence”
63.) It is the Deployment of organizationl resources
64.) Is a powerful tool for reaching strategic goals
65.) Set of formaltasks assigned to individuals
66.) Design of systems to ensure effective coordination of employees
across departments
67.) Called division of labor
68.) Visual representation of a organization’s structure
69.) Org tasks are subdivided into jobs
70.) Unbroken line of authority that links who reports to whom
71.) Use to transfer authority and responsibility
72.) Perform tasks thatg reflect org goal and mission
73.) People in management positions have formal authority
74.) Results of data collected are analyzed according to appropriate
determinants in language rules
75.) Number of employees reporting to a supervisor
76.) Used in an organization to determine whether structure is tall or flat
77.) Overall narrow span and more hierarchical levels
78.) Wide span, horizontally dispersed
79.) Location of decision authority near top org levels
80.) Decision authority pushed downward to lower org levels
81.) Method of org structuring dividing skills, roles, tasks, and
specializations
82.) Groups tasks and employees based on functions
83.) Groups activities based on products and product lines
84.) Groups activities based on geo regions
85.) Groups tasks and employees based on customer needs and wants
86.) Groups activities based on workflow or processes
87.) Combines functional department with other departments
88.) Referred to as flat or decentralized structure
89.) Quality of collaboration across departments
90.) Temporary team or committee
91.) Operates with expectation that it endures for many years
92.) Coordinates with other departments for completion
93.) 3 evolution of structure
94.) Is a structured collection of interconnected tasks and activities that
collaborate to convert inputs into outputs
95.) Reengineering is also referred to as
96.) Phase where new ideaas and technologies are generated
97.) Exploration involves 3:
98.) Optimizing innov within a company
99.) Internal cooperation horizontal linkage model
100.) Serve as safe spaces within organizations
101.) Underscores importance of frequent interactiosn
102.) Bringing in expertise from outside the org
103.) Companies look beyond their internal resources to innovate
104.) Process of creating, promoting, and implementing new ideas
105.) Develops and understands technical aspects of idea
106.) Believes in idea
107.) Approves and protects idea
108.) Provides reality test
109.) Person who drives productive change within org
110.) Separate teams focused on developing major
111.) Small, autonomous groups
112.) Successful change requires shift in both:
113.) Is a key strategy for changing mindsets
114.) Enhances an organization’s effectiveness
115.) Discrepancies in admin styles and culture
116.) High turnovers
117.) Conflicts may arise
118.) Boost team cohesiveness
119.) Use employee surveys to assess values
120.) Facilitate major org changes
121.) Participants are made aware of problems
122.) Individuals experiment with new workplace behavior
123.) Reinforcement stage
124.) Who contracts with an organization to facilitate change
125.) Fact of many different types of things or people
126.) Adverse opinion or leaning
127.) Treating a person or particular group differently
128.) Rigid, exaggerated, irrational belief
129.) One’s subculture is most superior
130.) Belief that All groups are equal
131.) Fundamental management function for org success
132.) Three skills needed ton be effective leaders
133.) Studies how individuals and groups act within an organization
134.) Willingness of employees to help one another and go beyond their job
requirements
135.) Crucial element in ob; play a significant role in shaping behavior and
interactions
136.) Component of attitude that involves individual’s beliefs, opinions, and
knowledge
137.) Component relates to a person’s feelings and emotions
138.) How individuals are likely to act in relation to an object or situation
139.) These attitudes are positive beliefs and behaviors that employees
bring to their roles
140.) Refers to an employee’s overall contentment with their job
141.) Extent to which employees are willing to stay with the organization
142.) Situations where individuals or groups hold mixed or contradictory
feelings or beliefs
143.) psychological discomfort experienced when people become aware of
inconsistencies
144.) represent the cognitive individuals use to interpret and understand
their surroundings
145.) perception process stages:
146.) refers to the natural inclination of individuals to attend to information
that aligns with their needs
147.) inaccuracies or misjudgments in how we interpret sensory information
148.) type of error that involves categorizing indivs into broad groups
149.) overall impression of a person or situation influences how we perceive
150.) individuals impose their beliefs
151.) individuals ignore or reject information that contradicts
152.) judgments about causes behind person’s behavior
153.) this attribution suggest that behavior is due to personal characteristics
154.) attribute behavior to external circumstances
155.) how people explain inaccuracies or interpret the causes of others’
behaviors or events
156.) behavioral patterns exhibited by people in response to circumstances
157.) occurs when people attribute others' behaviors primarily to their
personality or character
158.) involves people overestimating the role of internal factors in their
successes while attributing their failures to external factors.
159.) a locus of control that tend to attribute their fate to their own actions
160.) believe that factors outside their control greatly influence
161.) belief that power and status difference should exist
162.) characterized by manipulation of other people
163.) occupations for sensation-thinking:
164.) occupations for intuitive-thinking:
165.) occupations for sensation-feeling:
166.) occupations for intuitive feelings:
167.) how well a person suits their job:
168.) how well a person adapts to their work environment:
169.) occupations for diverger learner:
170.) occupations for assimilator:
171.) occupations for converger:
172.) occupations for accommodator:
173.) defined as individual’s physiological and emotional response
174.) stimuli for stress is called
175.) this behavior is often extremely competitive, impatient, aggressive
176.) this behavior is more relaxed, patient, and less driven by competition
177.) is increasingly recognized as a significant global issue
178.) the ability to modify how a person develops, behaves, or think
179.) this influence tactics is by seeking someone’s participation in a
decision
180.) by trying to vonvince someone
181.) appealing to someone’s emotion
182.) making someone feel important or good
183.) seeking aid of others
184.) relying on intimidation
185.) obtaining formal or informal support of higher management
186.) offering an exchange of favors
187.) it is the capacity to get others to act based on positional authority
188.) this is according to
189.) making employees full partners in the decision making process
190.) orient their management style around wellbeing of employees; treat
subordinates as equals
191.) about distringuishing right from wrong and choosing to do it right
192.) refers to the process of coordinating and integrating work activities
193.) father of modern management
194.) to get the most output using the least amount of input
195.) do work activities that will help org reach its goals
196.) this function starts with identifying goals for future org performance
197.) arranging and structuring of resources to effectively carry out plan
198.) using influence of leader to motivate employees
199.) monitoring employee activities
200.) desired future state that org attempts to realize
201.) blueprint for goal
202.) describe where org wants to be in the future
203.) action steps by which company intends to attain strategic goals
204.) how many years for strategic plans
205.) results that major divisions and departments within org intent to
achieve
206.) apply to middle management and describe subunit
207.) help execute major strategic plans; define what major depts and org
subunits will do
208.) how many years in 204
209.) goals expected from departments, work groups
210.) develpped at lower levels
 211.) is a structured approach to planning that emphasizes goal-setting,
participation, and alignment
212.) defined as a system in which specific performance goals are jointly
determined by emplyees and managers
213.) developed to achieve goals not likely to be repeated
214.) ongoing plans that provide guidance for repeated tasks or situations
215.) responses to specific situations
216.) current trades and discontinuities and visualizing future possibilities
217.) try to prevent crises from occurring
218.) a choice made from available alternatives
219.) process of identifying problems and opportunities
220.) type of decision made from past experiences
221.) decisions made to respons to unique situations
222.) this model is based on making economic assumptions and manager
belief
223.) this refers to how managers actually make decisions in complex
situations
224.) people have limits on how rational they can be
225.) decision makers choose the first solution alternative
226.) represents quick apprehension of a decision situation
227.) this model is useful for making non programmed decisions
228.) a _____ is pursued by managers to keep track of decision making and
goal commitment
229.) 8 char of effective control systems
230.) 4 steps in control process
231.) 4 budtgets
232.) 2 financial control
233.) 2 financial statement
234.) 4 types of ratio
235.) 3 management information system
236.) 2 philosophiesz
237.) 5 tqm techniques
236) process of regulating activities to align with the expectations outlined in plans,
targets, and performance standards.
237.) adjusting operations to meet predetermined standards using relevant data.
This is according to
238.) is a control system that tends to maintain a relationship of one system
variable to another by comparing functions of these variables
239.) 8 feedback control system
239.) Steps in feedback control model
240.) one of the most commonly used methods of managerial control; process of
setting targets for an organization’s expenditures.
241.) created for every division or department within an organization
242.) fundamentsal unit of analysis for a budget control system.
243.) any organizational department or unit under the supervision of a single person
244.) types of budget
245.) includes anticipated and actual expenses
246.) lists forecasted and actual revenues of the organization.
revenue
247.) estimates receipts and expenditures of money; level of funds flowing through
the organization.
248.) lists planned investments in major assets such as buildings, heavy machinery,
or complex information technology systems.
249.) involves not only monitoring the amount of capital expenditures but also
evaluating whether assumptions made are holding true
250.) means that the budgeted amounts for the coming year are literally imposed
on middle- and lower-level managers.
251.) a process in which lower-level managers anticipate their departments’
resource needs and pass them up to top management.
252.) refers to how managers need to watch how well the organization is performing
financially.
253.) provide the basic information used for financial control of an organization.
254.) two major financial statements
255.) shows the firm’s financial position with respect to assets and liabiliites
256.) are what the company owns
257.) are the firms debts.
258.) the difference between assets and liabilities.
259.) summarizes the firm’s financial performance for a given time interval.
260.) indicates an organization’s ability to meet its current debt obligations
261.) measures internal performance with respect to key activities defined by
management.
262.) is calculated by dividing total sales by average inventory.
263.) purchase orders divided by customer inquiries.
264.) profits relative to a source of profit.
265.) net income divided by sales
266.) gross profit divided by total sales
267.) a percentage representing what a company earned from its assets.
268.) net income divided by total assets
269.) refers to funding activities with borrowed money.
270.) total debt divided by assets
271.) is the term for managing the sequence of suppliers and purchasers covering
all stages of processing
272.) a series of processes that go into improving the way a company finds the raw
ccomponents it needs to make a product
273.) goals of supply chain management
274.) key elements of supply chain management
275.) other term for returns.
276.) types of supply chain management
277.) it relies on a mamnufacturer producing the same good over and over
278.)prioritizes flexibility, as a company may have a specific need at any given
moment
279.) emphasizes the quick turnover of a product.
280.) ensures that production can easily be ramped up or wound down.
281.) necessary for highly specialized industries with high technical requirements.
282.) is the supervision of goods owned by the company
283.) the goods the organization keeps on hand for use
284.) types of inventory:
285.) includes materials moving through stages of production process that are not
completed products
286.) basic inputs to the organization’s production process.
287.) passed through the entire production prrcess but have not been sold.
288.) it is a system that schedules materials to arrive at a company just as they are
needed on the production line.
289.) an organization-wide effort to infuse quality into every activity in a company
through continuous improvement.
290.) the TQM philosophy focuses on
291.) TQM techniques
292.) is a group of 6 to 12 volunteer employees who meet regularly
293.) the continuous process of measuring products, services, and practices against
the toughest competitors
294.) a highly ambitious quality standard that specifies a goal of no more than 3.4
defects per million parts.
295. 5 step methodology of six sigma
296.) refers to the steps taken to complete a company process.
297.) implementation of large number of small, incremental improvements in all
areas of the organization.
298.) other term for continuous improvement.
299.) set of interrelated activities that are involved in manufacturing products.
300.) terms that are quite often used interchangeably depending on the product.
301.) The creation of goods and services.
302.) Described as the fitness for use or customer satisfaction for the consumers.
303.) Is a measure of how much of the customer satisfaction aspect is integrated
into the product design through features such as proper materials, pleasing physical
appearance.
304.) Is a measure of how the quality of design is realized in the manufacturing of
the product.
305.) Refers to the costs associated with ensuring that products meet their quality
standards and the costs that come with failing to meet.
Types of quality costs:
306.) These are made before production to prevent failures and defects.
307.) Include costs for inspecting and testing individual parts and equipment before
production and testing the product.
308.) Are expenses due to defects found before the products are shipped and
delivered.
309.) Costs incurred when customers find the defects themselves after it has
reached them.
310.) Refers to the gathering, organizing, analysis, and use of data which help to
determine whether products meet defined specifications or fall outside acceptable
limits.
311.) Involve measuring the quality characteristic of the sample.
312.) Involve counting the defective products and using the fraction defective in a
sample for analysis.
313.) Are used to identify potential problems in the production process that need
attention.
314.) Normally three standard deviations above the mean.
315.) Normally three standard deviations below the mean.
316.) Examining a product to determine if it meets the specifications set for it.
317.) It is certainly the original method of quality control.
318.) Can be developed statistically for each situation, but it is more common to
consult an established sampling table.
319.) Is a statistical technique that involves taking two samples from a population to
make a decision
320.) Is an extension of the double sampling concept, from 1 to 7 sequential small
samples.
321.) Are a set of management principles to help businesse improve their quality
and productivity.
322.) Deming’s 14 points
323.) Provide a comprehensive framework for organizations seeking to enhance
quality and productivity through a culture of continuous improvement.
324.) Characteristics of the service sector
325.) Applies to both manufacturing and service organizations.
326.) These organizations produce physical goods.
327.) These organizations produce nonphysical outputs.
328.) Key differences between services and manufactured products.
329.) Similar operational problems
330.) Different types of facilities layout.
331.) It is a layout wherein machines that perform same function ar egroup
together.
332.) It is a layout where machines and atsks are arranged according to sequence
of steps in production of a single product.
333.) It is a layout wherein machines dedicated to sequences of production are
grouped into cells in accordance with group-technology principles.
334.) It is a layout wherein the product remains in one location and the required
tasks and equipment are brought to it.
335.) elements of quality for product
336.) elements of quality for service
337.) essential connection between a company and its customers, involving much
more than just selling products or services.
338.) enables companies to generate revenue
339.) encompasses a range of activities designed to attract and retain customers
340.) types of marketing relationship
341.) encompass all the ongoing support a company provides to its custoemrs after
the initial purchase
342.) range of activities in after-sales service
343.) businesses move away from purely product-focused to solution-oriented
344.) all the services and support provided after the product sale include:
345.) 8 types of products
346.) 4 Ps of marketing
347.) instead of relying solely on inspections to find defects, focus on building
quality into the process
348.) embrace a new way of thinking that emphasizes quality and improvement.
349.) provide employees with training
350.) create an open environment where employees feel safe to express their ideas
351.) choose suppliers hased on quality and long-term cost-effectiveness
352.) commit to continuous improvement in products, services, and processes
353.) managers should act as leaders
354.) remove silos between departments
355.) replace slogans
356.) avoid focusing on numerical targets which can lead to shrot-term thinking
357.) ensure employees have resources and freedom to do quality work
358.) invest in ongoing training and personal development for employees
359.) encourage everyone in the organization, from top leadership to frontline
employees
360.) cornerstones of a flourishing workplace are:
361.) is a complex concept as it encompasses a broad scope of human perspectives
362.) defined as the code of moral principles that governs behavior with respect to
what is right or wrong
363.) it comes from the word meaning
364.) its latin equivalent is meaning
365.) is present in any situation when the actions of an individual or organization
may harm or benefit others.
366.) refers to the ethical principles and standards guiding the behaviour and
decision-making of managers within an organization
367.) involves making morally sound choices, acting with integrity, and considering
the impact of decisions on stakeholders. It sets the tone for organizational culture,
promoting trust, integrity, and accountability
368.) three domains of human action
369.) values and standards are written into the legal system and enforceable in the
courts
370.) at the opposite end of the scale and pertains to behavior about which the law
has no say and for which an individual or organization enjoys complete freedom
371.) has no specific law , yet it has standards of conduct based on shared
principles and values about moral conduct that guide an individual or company.
372.) is a situation that arises when all alternative choices or behaviors are deemed
undesirable because of potentially negative consequences.
373.) the individual who must make an ethical choice
374.) types of ethical issues
375.) ethical questions about the social, political, legal or economic systems within
which companies operate
376.) ethical questions about a particular corporation and its policies, culture,
climate, impact, or actions
377.) ethical questions about a particular individual’s decisions, behavior, or
character
378) managers navigate these challenges using a ______ grounded in values.
379.) criteria for ethical decision making
380.) offers several guiding approaches for decision-making, including
381.) espoused by philosophers _______
382.) moral behavior produces the greatest good for the greatest number.
383.) contends that acts are moral when they promote the individual’s best long-
term interests
384.) _________ is paramount, and external forces that restrict self-direction
385.) ethical concept that moral decisins are those that best maintain the rights of
people affected by them.
386.) 6 moral rights
387.) this right is when individuals are to be treated as they knowingly and freely
consent to be treated
388.) individuals can choose to do as they please away from work and have control
of information about their private life.
389.) individuals have aright to impartial hearing and fair treatment
390.) may criticize truthfully
391.)individuals have a right to live without endangerment or violation of their
health and safety
392.) ethical concept rhat moral decisions must be based on standards of equity,
fairness, and impartiality
393.) types of justice
394.) requires that different treatment of people not be based on arbitrary
characteristics.
395.) requires that rules be administered fairly.
396.) concept that individuals should be compensated for the cost of their injuries
by the party responsible.
397.) factors that influence ethical decision making:
398.) 3 levels of moral development:
399.) at this level people learn to conform to the xpectations of good behavior as
defined by colleagues, family, friends, and society
400.) at this level, individuals are guided by an internal set of values based on
universal principles of justice and right
401.) individuals are concerned with external rewards and obey authority to avoid
detrimental personal consequences.
402.) ethical behavior is determined by cultural context.
403.) behavior that is unacceptable in one’s home environment should not be
acceptable anywhere else.
404.) it is the management’s obligation to make choices and take actions that will
contribute to the welfare and interests of society.
405.) it is a business model by which companies make a concerted effort to operate
in ways that enhance rather than degrade society and the environment.
406.) _____ is increased by social responsibility as it entails a number of situations
where it can be difficult to determine what is right or wrong.
407.) is any group within or outside the organization that has a stake in the
organization’s performance.
408.) it provides a systematic way to identify the expectations, needs, importance,
and relative power of various stakeholders.
409.) it helps managers identify or prioritize the key stakeholders related to a
specific issue or project.
410.) 5 stakeholder groups:
411.) they are concerned with decisions about quality, safety, and availability of
goods and services
412.) they expect work satisfaction, adequate pay, and good supervision
413.) is one in which the firm operates; addressing it needs requires honoring legal
responsibilities, fostering a positive social impact, and protecting the environment.
414.) CEO of Monsanto
415.) Monsanto switched to
416.) this asserts that corporations can alleviate poverty and other social ills, as
well as make significant profits, by selling to the world’s poorest people
417.) over ______ people die each year from diarrheal infections
418.) campaign of of lifebuoy
419.) refers to economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs
of the current generation while saving the environment so future generations can
meet their needs as well.
420.) argues that organizations can find innovative ways to create wealth at the
same time they are preserving natural resources.
421.) managers in organizations that embrace sustainability measure their success
in terms of a
422.) refer to measuring an organization’s social performance, environmental
performance, and financial performance
423.) measures social performance—treatment of employees, fair labor practices,
etc.
424.) measures environmental performance
425.) measures financial performance
426.) refers to the company’s commitment to operate in an economically, socially,
and environmentally responsible manner
427.) the business institution is the basic economic unit of society. Its responsibility
is to produce goods and services that society wants and to maximize profits
428.) claims that a company should focus on being profit-oriented with the aim of
increasing returns as long as it does so within the boundaries of law and fair
competition.
429.) defines what society deems as important with respect to appropriate
corporate behavior.
430.) behaviors that are not necessarily codified into law and may not serve as the
corporation’s direct economic interests.
431.) organizational responsibility that is voluntary and guided by the organization’s
desire to make social contributions not mandated by economics, law, or ethics.
432.) is responsible for creating and sustaining conditions in which people are likely
to behave themselves
433.) means that managers are honest and trustworthy, fair in their dealings with
employees and customers, and behave ethically in both their personal and
professional lives.
434.) serve as a crucial role models of ethical behavior, and by upholding the
highest ethical standards in their own actions and choices, they have a significant
impact on the moral atmosphere within the company.
435.) mechanisms that help employees stay on an equal footing:
436.) formal statement of the company’s values concerning ethics and social issues;
tells the employees what the company stands for
437.) two types of code of ethics
438.) it delineates the procedures to be used in specific ethical situations like
marketing practices, conflicts of interests, observance of laws, etc.
439.) crafted with the intention of affecting corporate culture; they define
fundamental values and incorporate the general language about the company’s
responsibilities, quality of products, and treatment of employees
440.) general statements of principle are called
441.) they provide a detailed and concrete set of guidelines into how the company
expects its employees to address ethical challenges in their work.
442.) served as the moral foundation for both people and groups inside a certain
organization.
443.) it is essential for creating a healthy work environment because they clearly
define moral and ethical standards, maintain the integrity of the company, and
foster stakeholder trust.
444.) business ethics is also referred to as
445.) values-orientedd ethical organization
446.) structure-oriented ethical organization
447.) managers are models of honesty and trustworthiness, are fair in their dealings
with employees and customers, and act ethically in their personal professional lives.
448.) formal statement of the company’s values concerning ethcis and social issues.
449.) actively give time and skylls to a volunteer or charitable organization.
450.) group of executives appointed to oversee company ethics
451.) provide rulings on questionable ethical issues and assumes responsibility for
disciplining violators.
452.) allows employees to report questionable behavior as well as seek guidance
concerning ethical dilemmas. Managed by a third company or an internal
department.
453.) a company executive who oversees all aspects of ethics and legal compliance.
454.) an important supplement to a written code of ethics.
455.) it refers to employee disclosure of illegal, immoral, or illegitimate practices
456.) it helps employees deal with ethical questions and translate the values stated
in a code of ethics into everyday behavior.