GSM Based Care System using PIR

Sensor and Arduino

Table of Contents
 Introduction
 Project Concept
 Block Diagram of GSM SIM800L Based Home Security System
 Components Required
 Tools Required
 Circuit/Schematic Diagram of GSM SIM800L Based Home Security
System
 Circuit Wiring
 Working Principle of GSM Based Home Security System using
Arduino
 Arduino Code

Introduction
In our day-to-day life crime is increasing rapidly, so one of the important
things is the security of our home, office, and shop from thieves/burglars.
There are different types of home security systems available in the market
including several security features like fire, LPG, electronic door lock,
heat, smoke, temperature, etc.
In this project tutorial, we will be going to design a Home Security System
using PIR sensor and GSM module which detects intruders and informs
the owner. This system/device detects thieves/burglars when they try to
enter the house and informs the owner by sending text messages on her/his
phone.
For this project you should know:
 HC-SR501 (Passive Infrared) PIR Sensor | How it’s
Works
 Interfacing PIR Sensor with Arduino | Motion Detector
using PIR Sensor
 SIM800l GSM Module, Pinout/Pin Diagram, Hardware
Overview, Features, Power Supply, and applications.
Project Concept
This GSM Based Home Security System project has been implemented on
a very simple concept and it’s very easy to build. The fundamental
components of this project are the PIR sensor, Arduino, SIM800L GSM
Module, LED, and Buzzer.
PIR sensor detects the motion of surrounding objects by sensing the
difference in infrared or radiant heat levels emitted by that objects. It
produces high output by detecting the movement of any objects or human
body in front of it. Here it is used to detect thieves/burglars (any human
beings). When someone comes in front of the sensor, it detects motion and
provides a high output voltage. This output voltage goes to the Arduino.
Here we will use Arduino UNO which is the main microcontroller of this
project, it controls the whole system. When the Arduino read this high
output voltage, then it sends commands to the GSM module for sending a
Text Message/SMS to a specific user’s Mobile number. The LED and
Buzzer are working as warning indicators, which alert us when someone
tries to enter the house.
Block Diagram of GSM SIM800L Based Home
Security System

Block Diagram of GSM SIM800L Based Home Security System

Components Required
Components Name Quantity
Arduino Uno 1
PIR Motion Sensor 1
SIM800L GSM Module 1
Red LED (D1) 1
Buzzer (B1) 1
1000µf 50V Capacitor 1
Slide Switch (SW1) 1
9V Battery with Battery connector 1
Voltage regulator IC 5v 7805 1
4.1V Power Supply LM317 regulator IC 1
PCB Zero board 1
Connecting wires As required in the circuit diagram

Circuit/Schematic Diagram of GSM SIM800L

Based care System
Circuit Wiring
Components Name Components Pin Arduino Pin
GND GND
OUT D6
PIR Motion Sensor VCC 5V
SIM800L GSM * The positive terminal of 4.1V
Module VCC External Power Supply
RXD D3
TXD D2
 * The negative terminal of 4.1V
External Power Supply and Arduino
GND GND
Positive terminal D13
Buzzer (B1) Negative terminal GND
Positive terminal D12
LED (D1) Negative terminal GND
Positive terminal Vin
9V Power Supply Negative terminal GND

Working Principle of GSM Based Care

System using Arduino
After connecting all components according to the circuit diagram and
uploading the code to the Arduino board. When the input power supply is
applied to the circuit, then the Arduino starts working step by step
according to the code/Program.
First of all, the Arduino makes the connection to the Network with help of
the SIM800L GSM Module.
At the same time, The PIR sensor requires a “warm-up” time of 20 to 60
seconds to proper operation. This time is required because the PIR sensor
has a settling time duration, during this time it calibrates according to the
environment and stabilizes the infrared detector.
During this time a small motion in front of the sensor can create an error in
calibration and the PIR sensor may not produce a reliable output. Avoid
very little movement in front of the sensor at the “warm-up” time.
We need to install the GSM Based care System device near the bed of
child or patient where have a chance to expect body movement.
When there is a movemnt in the detection range of the PIR Motion Sensor,
then it detects motion and produces a High (5v) output signal from its
output pin. The Arduino reads this high output signal and it realizes some
movement in front of the sensor. Now, the Arduino communicates with the
SIM800L GSM module via serial communication to send Text Messages
and call to the owner’s mobile number. The mobile number has pre-
programmed in code, it can changed it in the code.
At the same time, the Red LED and buzzer also turn on, these warn the
owner that there is a movement in front of the Sensor or bed

SIM800l GSM Module

Table of Contents
 Introduction
 SIM800L GSM/GPRS Module Hardware Overview
o SIM800L GSM cellular chip
o LED Status Indicators
 Antennas
o Micro-SIM socket
 Pinout/Pin Diagram of SIM800L GSM/GPRS Module
 Specifications
 Features
 Power Supply for SIM800L GSM Module
 Application

Introduction

SIM800L GSM/GPRS module is a miniature cellular GSM modem from Simcom, which can easily
interface with any microcontroller to give the microcontroller GSM functionality, and allows for GPRS
transmission. This module connects the microcontroller to the mobile network to make or receive
phone calls, send or receive SMS (text messages), and connect to the internet using GPRS, TCP, or IP.
Another advantage is It supports quad-band GSM/GPRS network, which means it can work anywhere
in the world. These important functionalities as well as the low cost and small footprint make this
module more perfect for any project where long-range connectivity is required and also it can be
integrated into a great number of IoT projects.

SIM800L GSM/GPRS Module Hardware Overview

The SIM800L GSM/GPRS module consists of four key components, which take important roles in the
work of the module. These key components are SIM800L GSM cellular chip, LED Status Indicators,
Antennas, and Micro-SIM socket.
SIM800L GSMGPRS Module Hardware Overview

SIM800L GSM cellular chip

On the top surface of the GSM module, we can see a chip is mounted on the module board. This is a
Quad-band SIM800L GSM/GPRS cellular chip from SimCom in SMT type. SIM800L supports Quad-
band frequency its works on frequencies 850MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz, and 1900MHz, it can transmit
and receive voice, SMS, and data information with low power consumption. The operating voltage of
this chip is from 3.4V to 4.4V which makes it ideal to operate by a LiPo battery supply. This chip
supports a baud rate from 1200bps to 115200bps with Auto-Baud detection. It has a tiny size of
17.6*15.7*2.3mm which makes it a good choice for embedding into projects without a lot of space.

LED Status Indicator

On the topmost right corner side of the SIM800L Module, we can see an LED that indicates the status
of your cellular network. After applying the power supply to the module the LED will blink at three
different ratios, which shows three different statuses of your cellular network.

Blink every 1s:

When the LED Blinking with a delay of 1s, then it indicates that the GSM module is running but it
hasn’t made the connection to the cellular network yet.

Blink every 2s:

When the LED Blinking with a delay of 2s, then it indicates that The GPRS data connection you
requested is active.

Blink every 3s:

When the LED Blinking with a delay of 2s, then it indicates that the module has made contact with
the cellular network and it is ready to transmit/receive voice and SMS.

Antennas

An antenna is a vital part of the module, it is used for voice or data communications as well as some
SIM commands. SIM800l GSM/GPRS module provides two ways to connect Antennas. There are two
types of antennas that can connect to the module one is a Helical GSM antenna and another one is
PCB Antenna.

Helical GSM Antenna

The Helical GSM antenna is made of wire, which usually comes with the
module. It can be soldered directly to the NET pin on PCB. This type of
antenna is very useful in narrow space projects.
PCB Antenna
We can see a U.FL male connector present at the top-left corner of the
module, which is used to connect the PCB antenna. This antenna has better
performance and allows you to put your module inside a metal case – as
long the antenna is outside.
Micro-SIM socket
On the backside of the module, a SIM socket is available, where we can
insert an activated 2G micro-SIM card that would work perfectly. When
we insert a SIM card into the socket we must ensure that the notch point
will upwards. Normally the symbol of the SIM card is engraved on the
surface of the SIM socket that helps us to identify the correct direction of
SIM inserting.
Pinout/Pin Diagram of SIM800L GSM/GPRS
Module
The SIM800L GSM module has 12 pins that are used to connect the
module to any microcontroller. The Pinout configuration is explained
below:

SIM800L GSM-GPRS Module Pinout, Pin Diagram

 NET: The NET pin is used to attach an external antenna. Where we can
solder Helical Antenna which comes along with the module.
VCC: The VCC pin is used to supply the positive (+) voltage to the
module. Power supply 3.4V to 4.4V with min 2 Amp required to work the
module finely. Remember, never connect it to a 5V power supply, which
can destroy your module. Also, It doesn’t work on a 3.3 V power supply.
RST: This pin is a hard reset pin. Pulling this pin low for 100 ms to
perform hard reset of the module.
RXD(Receiver): RX pin is used for Serial communication
TXD(Transmitter): TX pin is used for Serial communication
GND: This is the Ground Pin of the module that needs to be connected
to the GND pin on the microcontroller.
SPK±: SPK + and SPK – is a differential speaker interface. The two
pins of a speaker can be connected to these two pins. The positive pin of
the speaker is connected to the SPK+ pin and the negative Pin to the SPK-.
MIC±: MIC+ and MIC- pins are differential microphone inputs. The
two pins of the microphone can be connected to these pins. The positive
pin of the microphone is connected to the MIC+ pin and the negative Pin
to the MIC-.
DTR: Pulling this pin HIGH to activate sleep mode. In sleep mode, the
module disables serial communication. Pulling it LOW to deactivate sleep
mode, means the module wakes up.
RING: The RING pin acts as a Ring Indicator, which is used in
detecting calls and SMS. Basically, this is the ‘interrupt’ out pin from the
module. It is by-default high, but when a call is received it gives a LOW
pulse for 120ms. Also, it can be configured to pulse when an SMS is
received.
Specifications
IC Chip SIM800L GSM cellular chip
Operating Voltage range 3.4V ~ 4.4V
Recommended supply voltage 4V
Peak Current 2A
 Sleep mode < 2.0mA
 Idle mode < 7.0mA
 GSM transmission (avg): 350 mA
Power consumption  GSM transmission (peek): 2000mA
 Supported frequencies 2G Quad Band (850 / 950 / 1800 /1900 MHz)
 Class 4 (2W) for GSM850
Transmit Power  Class 1 (1W) for DCS1800
Interface UART (max. 2.8V) and AT commands
SIM card socket Micro SIM card socket
Network Status Indicator LED
Antenna connector U.FL connector and Header Pin
Working temperature range -40 to + 85 ° C
Module size 25 x 23 mm
Features
 Receive and make calls using the external speaker and electret
microphone
 Receive and send SMS/ Text messages
 Send and receive GPRS data (TCP/IP, HTTP, etc.)
 Scan and receive FM radio broadcasts
 GPRS multi-slot class12 connectivity: max.
85.6kbps(download/upload)
 GPRS mobile station class B
 Controlled by AT Command (3GPP TS 27.007, 27.005 and
SIMCOM enhanced AT Commands)
 Supports Real-Time Clock
 Supports A-GPS
 Low power consumption, 1mA in sleep mode
Power Supply for SIM800L GSM Module
If the power supply can’t fulfill the required current well, then the module
can’t make the connection to the cellular network or it will shut down/reset
in the middle of the action.
The operating voltage range of the module is 3.4- to 4.4-V. But another
problem is the SIM800L module doesn’t have an integrated voltage
regulator. So, we need an external power supply between 3.4V to 4.4V
(Ideal 4.1V). This module is a bit power-hungry and the current
consumption can be up to 2 A in peaks. So, the power supply should be
able to source 2A.