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Invsrters

The document discusses the operation and components of a three-phase bridge inverter with a diode rectifier used for induction motor speed control. It explains the working principle of the inverter, including the role of thyristors and capacitors in regulating voltage and frequency. Additionally, it highlights the inverter's functionality in square-wave and PWM modes, along with the harmonic filtering required for smooth voltage output.

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Mohammad Ashour
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2 views

Invsrters

The document discusses the operation and components of a three-phase bridge inverter with a diode rectifier used for induction motor speed control. It explains the working principle of the inverter, including the role of thyristors and capacitors in regulating voltage and frequency. Additionally, it highlights the inverter's functionality in square-wave and PWM modes, along with the harmonic filtering required for smooth voltage output.

Uploaded by

Mohammad Ashour
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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‫عمل مفتاحين معا ‪ .

‬كل مفتاح يعمل ‪1200‬‬

‫مثال ‪:‬‬
‫للمحركات التي قدرتها اقل من ‪ KW 5‬يمكن تقويم موجة من المصدر احادي الطور‬
‫كما في الشكل بدل المصدر ثالثي الطور‪.‬‬

‫مكونات الدائرة‪:‬‬
‫‪ SR8, SR 7‬يتم التحكم بهما عن طريق زاوية قدح العطاء فولتية ‪ DC‬متغيرة القيمة ‪.‬‬
‫‪ D13,D14‬يشكالن صمامين في جسر التقويم – كاملة التقويم‪.‬‬
‫‪ SR 6- SR 1‬ثايرستورات محكومة لتنظيم التردد عن طريق زاوية القدح‪.‬‬
‫‪ C1-C6, L1-L6‬الحداث التبديل( ‪) commutation‬المطلوب للثايرستورات (إخماد)‪.‬‬
‫‪ D1-D6‬لمنع اتصال طورين من اطوار المحرك معا ولفصل مكثفات التغيير عن الحمل‪.‬‬
‫‪ D7-D12‬الرجاع الطاقة غير الفعالة من المحرك إلى المكثف ‪.C‬‬
‫مبدأ العمل‪:‬‬
‫‪-1‬على فرض أن الثايرستورات ‪ SR1‬و‪ SR5‬موصولة (مغلقة) اآلن يمر التيار كالتالي‪:‬‬
‫(‪← SR1 ← D1 ←)+‬الطور ‪ ← a‬الطور ‪. )-( ← ←b ← D5 SR5‬‬
‫‪-2‬ستتشحن المكثفات ‪ C5,C4,C3,C1‬كما في الشكل‪.‬‬
‫‪-3‬عند إعطاء نبضة قدح إلى الثايرستور‪ SR6‬ستهبط فولتية النقطة ‪ 6‬إلى الصفر عندها‬
‫يبدأ المكثف ‪C5‬‬
‫بالتفريغ‪:‬‬
‫(‪ ) –( SR6 ← ← L5 ← SR5 ← )+‬وينحاز ‪ SR5‬عكسيا ويطفئ ‪turned off‬‬
‫‪-4‬تشحن المكثفات ‪ C6,C5‬كما في الشكل (داخل الدائرة) بينما تبقى المكثفات ‪C3,C1‬‬
‫كما كانت شحنتها سابقا‪.‬‬
‫‪- 5‬عند إعطاء نبضة قدح إلى الثايرستور ‪ SR4‬سيطفئ الثايرستور ‪ SR6‬وهكذا لبقية‬
‫الثايرستورات‪.‬‬
Three switches work at the same time and each switch operates by displaying a continuous
pulse of 180 degrees:
FIGURE 4.11 Three-phase bridge inverter with diode rectifier for induction motor speed
control.
One of the most common converter topologies that is very widely used in industry is shown in
this figure. It consists of a three-phase bridge inverter with a three-phase diode rectifier in the
front end. The rectifier (which can be single or three-phase) converts ac to uncontrolled dc. The
harmonics in the dc link are filtered by an LC or C filter to generate smooth voltage Vd for the
inverter. The inverter consists of three half-bridges or phase legs to generate three-phase ac for
industrial motor drives or other applications. For the present, neglect the element DB in the dc
link. Instead of generating dc by a rectifier, it can be done with a battery, fuel cell, or
photovoltaic dc source. In all such cases, Vd is usually unregulated. The battery-fed inverter drive
is commonly used for electric/hybrid vehicle drives. Note that because of the diode rectifier in
the front end, the converter system cannot regenerate power. The filter capacitor CF sinks the
harmonics from the rectifier as well as inverter sides.
The voltage source inverter is usually constructed with IGBT transistors and very fast parallel
diodes. In the last several years, the use of IGBT modules with six transistors and six diodes has
been the preferred configuration.
FIGURE 4.12 Three-phase bridge inverter output voltage waves in square-wave (or six-step)
mode.
The three-phase inverter of Figure 4.11 can be operated in either the square-wave or PWM
mode. The waveforms in square-wave mode are explained in this figure. Three phase legs of the
inverter generate square waves at 120° mutual phase-shift angle, where the output phase voltage
magnitudes (±0.5Vd) are shown with respect to the artificial dc link center point. The line
voltages vab, vbc, and vca are constructed by subtracting the adjacent phase voltages. For an
isolated neutral wye-connected load, the phase voltage wave van, for example, is given by the
relation van= 2/3 vao – 1/3 vbo – 1/3 vco due to the absence of triplen (third or multiple of third)
harmonics. The line and load phase voltages have characteristic six-step wave shapes with
suppression of triplen harmonic voltages. With three-phase balanced load, the line currents are
also balanced but may be rich in harmonics. In the square-wave mode, output voltage control is
not possible by the inverter and Vd variation reflects to the output.

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