A project submitted to

UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI for partial completion of

Bachelor of Management Studies under the Faculty of

Commerce in the subject of Finance

Submitted by

HARSH PRADEEP KOTIAN

Under the guidance of

ASST.PROF. RUHI MAIN

PRAHLADRAI DALMIA LIONS COLLEGE

OF COMMERCE AND ECONOMICS

SUNDAR NAGAR, S.V.ROAD, MALAD (WEST)

MARCH,2025
 A project submitted to

UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI for partial completion of

Bachelor of Management Studies under the Faculty of

Commerce in the subject of Finance

Submitted by

HARSH PRADEEP KOTIAN

Under the guidance of

ASST.PROF. RUHI MAIN

PRAHLADRAI DALMIA LIONS COLLEGE

OF COMMERCE AND ECONOMICS

SUNDAR NAGAR, S.V.ROAD, MALAD (WEST)

MARCH,2025
 Prahladrai Dalmia Lions College of Commerce

& Economics Sunder Nagar, Malad (west),

Mumbai, 400064

ISO 9001:2015 Certified

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. HARSH PRADEEP KOTIAN ,has worked and duly
completed his Project Work for the degree of Bachelor of Management Studies under the
Faculty of Commerce in the subject of Marketing and her project is entitled, “A Study of
Nationalized and Privatized Bank (SBI vs HDFC)”under my supervision. I
further certify that the entire work has been done by the learner under the guidance and that
no part of it has been submitted previously for any Degree or Diploma of any University.

It is his own work and facts reported by his personal finding and investigations.

Signature

ASST.PROF. RUHI MAIN

Date of Submission:
 DECLARATION

I, HARSH PRADEEP KOTIAN the undersigned here by, declare that the work

embodied in this project work titled “A Study of Nationalized and Privatized

Bank (SBI vs HDFC)”, forms my own contribution to the research work carried out

under the guidance of ASST.PROF. RUHI MAINis a result of my own research

work and has not been previously submitted to my other University for any other

Degree to this or any other University.

Wherever reference has been made to previous works of other, it has been clearly

indicated as such and included in the bibliography.

I, here by further declare that all information of this document has been obtained and

presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct.

Signature

(HARSH PRADEEP KOTIAN)

Certified by

ASST.PROF. RUHI MAIN

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

To list who all have helped me is difficult because they are so numerous and the depth is so
enormous.

I would like to acknowledge the following as being idealistic channels and fresh dimensions
in the completion of this project.

I take this opportunity to thank the University of Mumbai for giving me chance to do this
project.

I would like to thank my Principal (DR),DIGAMBAR .N. GANJEWAR and our vice-
principle Prof. SUBHASHINI NAIKAR for providing the necessary facilities required for
completion of this project.

I take the opportunity to thank our Co-ordinator. SAILEE SHRINGARPURE for her moral
support and guidance.

I would also like to express my sincere gratitude towards my Project Guide,

ASST.PROF RUHI MAIN whose guidance and care made the project successful.

I would like to thank my College Library, for having provided various reference books and
magazines related to my project.

Lastly, I would like to thank each and every person who directly or indirectly helped me in
the completion of the project especially My Parents and Peers who supported me
throughout my project.

HARSH PRADEEP
KOTIAN
 INDEX

Sr. no Topic Pg. No

1. Introduction 0

1.1 History of Banking in India 0

1.2 Banking System in India 0

1.3 Public Sector vs Private Sector Banks

Company’s Profile
 SBI Bank
 HDFC Bank

2. Research Methodology

3. Review of Literature

A study of Nationalized and Privatized Bank (SBI vs HDFC)

Case Study

4. Data Analysis & Interpretation

Discussion

5. Conclusion & Recommendation

 Bibliography

 Annexure
CHAPTER-1 INTODUCTION.

 In the present scenario, existing and upcoming companies‟ management needs

To think about various policies, strategies and objectives for marketing and selling of
Their output in globally competitive market. Today’s innovation is history for
Tomorrow.
 There are many challenges in front of manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers
To produce and sell the goods to final consumers. Managements are under stress due
To the change in worldwide competition, environment, infrastructural development,
technological up gradation, unskilled labors and other external problem such as
Economic, political, technical and of course social.
 But, wherever there is a will, there is a way. Yes, there are weaknesses, but
there are also opportunities. The worldwide market means that companies can find
market for their goods and services anywhere in the world, Environment turn down
gives many opportunities to companies that can opt for more effective measures of
protecting the environment. Infrastructural development will also provide good
opportunities for service sector in Banking, Construction, Transportation,
Communication and Insurance industries. Unskilled labors will provide challenges to
Universities and Educational Institutions to provide more effective programs for
upgrading human skills.
 The success of any business depends upon the “Market.” The oldest exchange
concept of market led to exchange of goods between manufacturers and users. A
market consists of the customers having a need for same type of goods, which a seller
wants to sell. Market is a place where buyers and sellers meet each other to exchange
receive money for the same.
 Marketing explains various benefits to a manufacturer and to a consumer
about various market through which they can sell and buy goods and services.
Marketing involves the interaction of several business activities. Marketing begins
with the needs and wants of customers. Customers need and wants are changing and
increasing. They satisfy their needs and want with varieties of goods and services i.e.
product available in the market. A product is anything that satisfies their needs or
wants.

1.1) Meaning and definition of consumer

The word “Consumer” is the word derived from the Latin word “consumer”
Therefore it is necessary to understand consumer’s behavior for successful business which
means, “to eat or to drink.”
All human beings are customers and only human beings can think, choose and
buy. A customer makes the decision to purchase an article. The phrase “customer” is
used when a person buys goods or services “not for own use,” but for the use of
others, such as a person buys household goods like an asset, fast moving consumer
goods for family members, anniversary gift to present to someone etc.
A consumer is a person who buys goods or services for own personal use, thus
he or she is the “end user” of household goods which could be an asset, fast moving
consumer goods, an article etc According to Judith W. Kincaid2
, defined, “A consumer is a person who influences or
decides on the acquisition of one of the product or service, and who use one of
these product or service.” A consumer may, or may not be purchasing products. Business
activities must carry out the way in which consumers are satisfied activities.

1.2) Meaning and definition of consumer behaviour.

 Consumer behavior refers to the response of human being towards products

and services during purchasing. It is essential to study “Why” & “How” does a
customer behaves, so that the manufacturer can improve and innovate the quality of
product, quoting a reasonable price, improvement in channels of distributing product,
and promoting goods and services with various promotional techniques for the
buyer’s group.

 The study of consumer behavior has its own importance in studying the
buyer in order to understand their needs and wants. Two Consumers are never same in
their behavior.

 Consumers are influenced by the surroundings in which they live. The basic
aim of every business organization is to enhance its profit and corporate image by
achieving higher performance in terms of sales, market share and profit. Therefore it
becomes necessary to study target consumer wants, perception preferences and
buying behavior by developing trust and confidence of the consumer.

 The consumer’s behavior is demonstrated in finding, buying, removing and

using of goods and services which make manufacturer the essence of the study of
consumer behavior.

 To study the pattern of consumer behavior, I decided to do a survey on

consumers of Shopping Malls. Consumer behavior obviously refers to the behavior
of consumers in deciding what to buy or what not to buy, whether to use or not to use,
whether to keep it or not to keep the products, which satisfy their needs and wants.
Consumer behavior also refers to the use of available resources like time, money and
efforts on consumption items.
Consumer Behavior in shopping malls answers the following questions:
1. What to buy from shopping malls?
2. Why to buy from shopping malls?
3. When to buy from shopping malls?
4. To buy from which shopping malls?
I will be undertaking a research on consumer behavior to find the answers to
the above questions. These answers will help the manufacturers in the innovating and
improving of their product sold from shopping malls. It will also help them draw their
promotional strategies to sell their goods and services in shopping malls. Generally,
mothers buy products for her children in this case she is a customer. Sometimes a
product bought may be used by all family members or friends. Hence, the decision to
buy may be influenced by a number of other persons.
Consumer behavior can be defined as “dynamic interaction affect and
cognition, behavior, and environmental events by which human beings conduct
exchange aspects of their life”.
According to Ostrow & Smith‟s Dictionary of Marketing, consumer
behavior refers to “the actions of consumer in the market place and
understanding what causes consumer to buy particular goods and services as
they will be able to determine which products are needed in the market place,
which are obsolete, and who are the best to present the goods to the consumer”.
David L.Loudon & Albert J. Della Bitta4
define consumer behavior as “the
decision process and physical activity individuals engage in when evaluating,
acquiring, using, or disposing of goods and services”.
According to Schiffman and Kanuck5, consumer behavior refers to “the
behavior that consumers display in searching for, purchasing, using
1.3) Factor influencing consumer buying behaviour.

1.3.1. DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS:

Demographic factors vary from individual to individual.
While studying the consumer behavior in shopping malls the following
factors must be understood by researcher.

 Different Gender visiting shopping malls: The consumer behavior varies across
gender visiting shopping mall. Needs and wants are varied as per gender. Preferences
of masculine and feminine are different. Men want to have healthy product where as
women search for beauty products. In case of liking of Color, masculine prefer blue
and white, where as feminine, pink and yellow.

 Shopping malls visited by different age group customers: People buy different
good and services for different age groups vise from shopping malls. The age of
consumer has a major impact on buyers buying decision. Eating habit in the early
years, food in the growing and mature years, and special diets in the later years are different
from age to age. People’s taste in basic necessity of their life is also age
related. Buying habit of teenagers is unequal, than senior citizens. Adults experience
certain passages or transformations as they go through life. Marketer also segment
their market viz young generation, middle age group and elderly persons.

 Level of Education of consumers going to shopping malls: Highly educated people

are more brand conscious, than a less educated persons. Before purchasing an educated youth
will verify many things, such as date of manufacture, goods returning policies, expiry date of
product, consumer‟s grievances forum etc.

 Occupation of consumers: A person‟s occupation also influences his or her

consumption pattern from shopping malls. An office - executive will buy clothes,
shoes, and use transportation in a different way than a company Director. A company
Director will buy expensive suits, he uses air travel, country club membership, and a
large car. Marketers try to identify the occupational groups that have real interest in
products and services. A company can even specialise their products for certain
occupational groups. Thus computer software companies will design computer
software for various business organisation.

1.4) THE BUYING DECISION PROCESS IN SHOPPING MALLS.

Modern marketing explains the importance of consumer behavior in terms of
buying process which includes buying decisions in shopping malls. The main goal of
marketing is to sell the product to consumers. Effective selling takes place by
understanding of buying process of consumers in shopping malls.
1.2.i. RETAIL SECTOR
“Retail” is the word derived from the French word, “retailer”, means “to cut
a piece off” or “to break a bulk.”
In the words of William J. Stantan6
, “Retail Trade includes all activities
directly related to the goods and services to the ultimate consumer for personal
and non business use.”
When goods are acquired and sold in comparatively small quantity to the final
customer it is known as retail trade. The person who is doing a business of retail trade
is known as a „retailer.” The retailer is the connecting link between manufacturer and
wholesaler.
W. Cundiff and R. Still7
defined, “A retailer is a merchant of occasionally
an agent, whose main business is selling directly to the ultimate consumers.”
“Retailing” means all the other activities includes in selling of goods or
services directly to the consumer.
Retailing encompasses the business activities involved in selling goods
and services to consumers for their personal, family, or household use. It
includes every sale to the final consumers.”
- Philip kottler
1.2.ii. UNORGANISED AND ORGANISED RETAIL
Retail is divided into Unorganized and Organized sectors. Unorganized