See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/353805316

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF STRESS LEVELS AMONG WORKING WOMEN AND

HOUSEHOLD WOMEN

Article · August 2021

CITATIONS READS

0 466

2 authors, including:

Manikamma Nagindrappa Sultanpur

Smt. C. B. Patil Arts and Commerce Degree College Chincholi
51 PUBLICATIONS 34 CITATIONS

SEE PROFILE

All content following this page was uploaded by Manikamma Nagindrappa Sultanpur on 10 August 2021.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF STRESS LEVELS AMONG
WORKING WOMEN AND HOUSEHOLD WOMEN
Dr. Manikamma N. Sultanpur
Asst. Professor of Sociology,
Smt. C. B. Patil Arts and Commerce
Degree College Chincholi

Abstract

Stress is a part of modern life, with an increasing complication of life, stress is likely to increase.
Stress is built in the concept of an individual role, which is conceived as the position a person
occupies in a system. Women‟s in the current global world have to play a dual role as a housewife
and career maker. The present investigation was conducted to compare stress levels among working
women and household women, It was hypothesized that the working women‟s have more stress than
the non- working women‟s. To verify the above hypothesis a sample of 100 women‟s were taken.
From which working women‟s (N= 50) and non-working women‟s (N= 50). To measure the stress.
The present investigator had used a stress questionnaire with 25 statements of 3 point scale. The
method used where Simple Random sampling techniques for data collection. The data obtained were
tabulated and the major findings of the study were, the working was facing a more mild level of
stress and non-working women are facing a more moderate level of stress. There is a difference exist
between working and non-working women with a level of stress. So the working women were facing
more stress comparing to the household women.

Keywords: traditional society, Stress level factors, working women, non-working women, compare

INTRODUCTION
In this contemporary era, stress has become a worldwide phenomenon. Abrol study discusses that
every person desires more and more for the attainment of pleasure, due to this competition is
increased in every field of life and this competition generates stress among people, no doubt the
competition is must but we don‟t ignore its result in recent years as more and more women are
coming to take on many jobs. It is a general belief in many cultures that the role of women is to build
and maintain the unpleasant affairs like the task of fetching water, cooking and rearing children. In
traditional society, women‟s character was naturally limited to the family. Since she was the bearer
of children, she was fully occupied with her duties as a mother and homemaker. the feat, since the
traditional household may be described as both a production and consumption This was no small
unit. Man‟s responsibility was to provide the domestic with raw materials, which were then
converted by the woman into consumable products or conditions employing undeveloped methods
1
and tools. Among the group of women, there is a diversity of values. Working women have different
values than non- working women and other adult women.

Since the turn of the century, the status of Indian women has been changing due to growing
urbanization, industrialization, spatial mobility, and social legislation. With the spread of education
and consciousness, women have shifted from the kitchen to a higher level of professional activities.
Rapid changes in traditional values, lifestyles, competitiveness, and industrialization are the few
factors that have changed the whole environment. This change in environment has encouraged and
motivated the women for the search of work outside the home, which creates stress in women who
handled the role of housewife, mother and employed woman at a time. Many studies have produced
evidence to indicate that women report more psychological distress than men.

In general, women are more likely than men to experience physical symptoms of stress, such as
tiredness, irritability, headaches, depression, and sadness. Women are also more likely than men to
manage job stress with unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits. Stress is difficult to define
precisely. Risk influences contributing to forceful stress comprise medicinal illness, lack of social
support networks, social and financial problems and family history of family discord or stress.

Stress is usually caused any kind of emotional, psychological, occupational and physical factors that
are inbuilt with all individual role play. Most frequently, people express of varied types of stress like
relationship stress, work stress, or parenting stress. There are a few types of stress that are related to
particular stages of life such as pregnancy, aged, teenage years, menopausal transition and the like.
In fact, even children are unnatural by stress in the present-day world. The present investigation
was conducted to compare the stress level among the working and non-working women‟s. To verify
the above hypothesis a sample of 100 women‟s were taken. From which working women‟s (N= 50)
and non-working women‟s (N= 50). To measure the stress. Present study investigator had used a
stress questionnaire with 25 statements of 3 point scale. The method used where Simple Random
sampling techniques. The major findings of the study were working women facing more stress
comparing the nonworking women with a level of stress.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

HARILAL A and SANTHOSH V A (2017) Women play a fundamental role in the decision-
making process of organizations and within the family. Indian culture confers on women the role of
caretaker of the family. Women are increasingly moving out of their homes and into the work
environment. Thus women play the dual role of household women and working women. A
2
comparative study on the stress levels of women in this dual role of household women and working
women becomes significant. The study discovers the stresses faced by women in society. The
research outcome indicates that the economic position of the family makes an influence on the stress
levels among both household women and working women.

Muntazir Maqbool Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna (2016) The study seeks to assess the stress
level among the Working women and housewives and its management through Progressive muscle
relaxation (PMRT) and Mindfulness breathing. The author used purposive sampling for data
collection where total respondents were 100 women 50 employed and 50 housewives. The sample
responded to a valid and reliable tool. Utilized Sings personal stress source inventory to assess the
level of Stress. Pre and posttest research design were used. Here the „t‟ stat was used to calculate the
significance of difference t=7.280 which was significant at 0.05 level of significance. Results expose
that the stress level was high among the Working women in comparison to housewives. Intervention
sessions of Progressive muscular relaxation technique (PMRT) and mindfulness breathing were
provided to the experimental group of 25 Employed women and no intervention was given to other
25 employed women i.e., control group. After the intervention posttest was taken t=23.778
significant at 0.05 level of significance in the Experimental group and t=1.685 non-significant at 0.05
and 0.01 level of significance in the control group. This resolute the substantial decline in the stress
level of Experimental group of employed women and no decline in the control group. The stress
level was condensed from a moderate to low level of stress

Mukhopadhyay S. (1989) In India an increase in female employment outside the home has occurred
during the last few decades, especially in urban areas. A working woman may face difficulties in
attempting to fulfill the demands of both worlds, at home and outside, while household women may
feel tired and irritated with her household chores and financial dependence. All may cause stress for
these working women. The present study compares between two groups they are working mothers
and non-working counterparts concerning stress level, measured in terms of their anxiety score and
certain general indicators of health including a broad amount of stress. The findings show that
anxiety and health scores of the two groups of women are similar. Further, the health score and
anxiety, nervousness score seem to be connected, more clearly among the working mothers.

S.K.Mohanasundhari (2017) The working women and non-working women can get negative power
or powerlessness due to the negative personality trait of a spouse, lack of cooperation excess
workload, can‟t able to meet a normal activity due to the tight work schedule for working women.
By keeping those data‟s in view this study was made. A total of 20 samples (10 working and 10 not
working women) were selected for study through purposive sampling techniques. A three-point
stress questionnaire scale was administered to obtain data after getting oral consent from the subject.
3
For the period of two weeks, this nonexperimental descriptive comparative study was conducted.
The result showed there is a moderate level of stress perceived by both the groups, no difference
exists between working and non-working women in level of stress. The demographic variables of
non-working women and the level of stress have no significant association. But for working women,
the type of family has a significant association. Unpaired„t‟ test was used to make a comparison.
The study concluded that there is no significant difference is exist in the Prevalence of stress and
level of stress in both working and non-working women, both are experiencing a moderate level of
stress.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the level of stress between working and non-working

METHODOLOGY

 Location of the study: Kalaburagi city at Karnataka, India

 Subjects of the study: working Women and Non working women
 Accessible population: working women and non-working women living in Kalaburagi,
Karnataka state
 Parameters assessed: comparative study of stress among working Women and Non working
women
 Sampling technique: Simple Random sampling technique
 Development and Description of the tools and techniques:

SAMPLE SIZE: Sample consisted of 100 educated women 50 working women and 50 non working
women, Drawn from Kalaburagi city. As far as the age was concerned the woman were selected
from young and middle (21-60 years) age group.

TOOLS USED: The studies have utilized the personal stress source inventory (PSSI, 2005). It is a
standardized test. It consists of 25 items. It consists of personal life, family burdens and professional
duty, where we asked to read those sources events very carefully one by one out of three given
response options of each event namely, “Occasionally” “Weekly” and “Daily” subject will be asked
them to put a tick mark below that option which suits to her the event of the item which does not
apply in her case should be left unanswered.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Frequency and distribution table were used to describe demographic variables. Chi square
test were used to associate the demographic variables to compare level of stress between the groups.

4
Analysis and interpretation of the obtained data will be prepared by keeping in mind the objectives of
the study. The descriptions of calculation and results of study will present systematically by using
Micro Soft word processor.
COMPARING STRESS LEVEL BETWEEN WORKING AND NON WORKING
WOMEN BY STRESS FACTOR

Everyone has different causes for their own problems of stress. Such as Physical, emotional,
psychological, occupational stress factors were covered in this paper. Working women and non-
working women associated with workload burden, tired, loss of enthusiastic, unable to say no, lack
of time for people. Being unhappy in job, burden of too much responsibility, Having poor
management, unclear expectations of work, difficulty in decision-making process, increasing the
sleep and wakeup, As known the mental health is affected by the structure and culture of each
society, this study focus on factors associated with stress among housewives and working woman in
Kalaburgi city. With all the above elements we have classified factors of stress in four categories,
 Physical Factors of stress
 Emotional Factors of stress
 Psychological Factors of stress
 Occupational Factors of stress

COMPARING STRESS LEVEL BETWEEN WORKING AND NON WORKING

WOMEN BY PHYSICAL FACTORS

In satisfying or normal context stress is a physical, mental, or emotional factor that causes
bodily or mental tension. Stress can be external from the environment, psychological, or social
situations or internal illness, or from a medical procedure, physical stress symptoms can affect your
body, your thoughts and feelings, and your behavior. Being able to identify common stress
indications can give you a jump on managing them. Stress that's left unchecked can contribute too
many health problems, such as high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity, and diabetes.

Table 1 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by

Hyper critical with friends and family

Occupation of Becoming clinical and hyper critical with Total

the respondents friends and family
Mild level Moderate level Severe level
31 11 8 50
Working women
62.0% 22.0% 16.0% 100.0%
22 20 8 50
Non working
44.0% 40.0% 16.0% 100.0%
53 31 16 100
Total 53.0% 31.0% 16.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

5
The above table reveals that stress level among working and nonworking women, the highest
percentage (62%) of women were having mild level clinical and hypercritical stress, (22%) of the
participants had a moderate level of stress, (16%) of the participants had the severe level of stress.
Whereas in the case of non-working women, the highest percentage (44%) of women were having a
moderate level of stress, (40%) of the participants had a mild level of stress, (16%) of the
participants had severed level of stress. comparing to working and nonworking women stress level
the result shows that the mild level stress was more among non-working women. in sever, level
stress both were the same with 16 percent.

Table 2 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by

Increasing boredom with work/home life
Occupation of the Increasing boredom with work/home life Total
respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
30 18 2 50
Working women
60.0% 36.0% 4.0% 100.0%
23 16 11 50
Non working
46.0% 32.0% 22.0% 100.0%
53 34 13 100
Total 53.0% 34.0% 13.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
The above table reveals that stress levels among working women, the highest percentage
(60%) of women were having a mild level of stress, (36%) of the participants had a moderate level of
stress, (4%) of the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-working
women, the highest percentage (46%) of women were having a mild level of stress, (32%) of the
participants had a moderate level of stress, (22%) of the participants had severed level of stress. The
working women mild level stress was higher then nonworking women, in moderate level stress,
nonworking women were more compared to working women.
Table3 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by Losing
clear perspective on work/home life
Occupation of the Losing clear perspective on work/home life Total
respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
27 17 6 50
Working women
54.0% 34.0% 12.0% 100.0%
18 17 15 50
Non working
36.0% 34.0% 30.0% 100.0%
45 34 21 100
Total 45.0% 34.0% 21.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
X2.059

The above table reveals that among working women, the highest percentage (54%) of
women were having a mild level of stress, (34%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress,
(12%) of the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-working women, the
6
highest percentage (36%) of women were having a mild level of stress, (34%) of the participants had
a moderate level of stress, (30%) of the participants had severed level of stress. statistical
significance also shows the relationship between working and nonworking women stress level with
0.05 level. working women mild level stress were more and moderate level is equal among both
working and nonworking women in sever level nonworking women were more comparing working
women.
Table 4 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by Growing sense of
being out of control in home /work

Occupation of Growing sense of being out of control in home /work Total

the respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
29 14 7 50
Working women
58.0% 28.0% 14.0% 100.0%
13 26 11 50
Non working
26.0% 52.0% 22.0% 100.0%
42 40 18 100
Total 42.0% 40.0% 18.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
X2.005
The above table reveals that among working women, the highest percentage (58%) of women
were having a mild level of stress, (28%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress, (14%) of
the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in case of non-working women, the highest
percentage (52%) of the participants had moderate level of stress, ((26%) of women were having
mild level of stress, (22%) of the participants had severed level of stress statistical test chi-square
also shows significance the relationship between working and nonworking women stress level with
0.005level. means comparing the stress level among working and nonworking women there is mild
level stress that was higher in working women and moderate level stress was high in nonworking
women.
Table 5 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by health problems
Occupation of the Health Problems Total
respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
26 11 13 50
Working women
52.0% 22.0% 26.0% 100.0%
13 24 13 50
Non working
26.0% 48.0% 26.0% 100.0%
39 35 26 100
Total 39.0% 35.0% 26.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
2
X .010

The above table reveals that stress levels among working women, the highest percentage
(52%) of women were having a mild level of stress, (22%) of the participants had a moderate level of
7
stress, (26%) of the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-working
women, the highest percentage (48%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress, (26%) of
women were having a mild level of stress, (26%) of the participants had severed level of stress.
statistical test chi-square also shows the significance of the relationship between working and
nonworking women stress level with 0.001 level. It would show that working women mild stress
level is more and nonworking women moderate level stress and sever level stress found the same
among both working and nonworking women.

COMPARING STRESS LEVEL BETWEEN WORKING AND NON WORKING WOMEN

BY EMOTIONAL FACTOR

Table 1 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by becoming
increasingly irritable with a shortening fuse

Occupation of the Becoming increasingly irritable with a shortening fuse Total

respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
19 23 8 50
Working women
38.0% 46.0% 16.0% 100.0%
19 16 15 50
Non working
38.0% 32.0% 30.0% 100.0%
38 39 23 100
Total 38.0% 39.0% 23.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
2
X .184

The above table reveals that stress levels among both working women, the highest percentage 46
percent of the participants had a moderate level of stress, 38 percent of working and nonworking
women were having a mild level of stress, 16 percent of the working women respondents had
severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-working women, 32 percent of the participants
had a moderate level of stress, 30 percent of the participants had a severed level of stress. statistical
test chi-square also shows a one percent level significance relationship between working and
nonworking women stress level. As of statistics show moderate level stress more among working
women, mild level stress were similar among both working and nonworking women sever level
stress more among nonworking women comparing to working women.
Table 2 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by
Difficulty making decision

Occupation of the Difficulty making decision Total

respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
21 18 11 50
Working women
42.0% 36.0% 22.0% 100.0%
32 14 4 50
Non working
64.0% 28.0% 8.0% 100.0%
Total 53 32 15 100
8
 53.0% 32.0% 15.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
The above table reveals that the stress level of working women, the highest percentage that is
42 percent of women were having a mild level of stress, (36%) of the participants had a moderate
level of stress, 22 percent of the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-
working women, the highest percentage, 64 percent of women were having a mild level of stress, 28
percent of the participants had a moderate level of stress, 8.0 percent of the participants had a
severed level of stress. In decision making mild level stress among nonworking women was higher in
moderate level stress were higher among working women.

Table 3 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by

Feeling of sense of hopelessness

Occupation of the Feeling of sense of hopelessness Total

respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
29 12 9 50
Working women
58.0% 24.0% 18.0% 100.0%
17 21 12 50
Non-working
34.0% 42.0% 24.0% 100.0%
46 33 21 100
46.0% 33.0% 21.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
X2 .049
The above table reveals that the stress level of working women, the highest percentage (58%)
of women were having a mild level of stress, (24%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress,
(18%) of the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-working women, the
highest percentage, (42%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress, (34%) of women were
having a mild level of stress, (24%) of the participants had severed level of stress. level. In the
feeling of hopelessness working women, mild level stress was more than nonworking women.

COMPARING STRESS LEVEL AMONG WORKING AND NON WORKING WOMEN BY

PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTOR

Table 1 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by

Chronic forgetfulness
Occupation of Chronic forgetfulness Total
respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
26 13 11 50
Working women
52.0% 26.0% 22.0% 100.0%
17 16 17 50
Non working
34.0% 32.0% 34.0% 100.0%
43 29 28 100
Total 43.0% 29.0% 28.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
9
 .176
The above table reveals that stress levels among working women, the highest percentage,
(52%) of the participants had a mild level of stress, (26%) of women were having a moderate level of
stress, (22%) of the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-working
women, the highest percentage, (34%) of the participants had a mild level of stress, (32%) of
women were having a moderate level of stress, (34%) of the participants had severed level of stress.
The statistical chi-square test shows a one percent level significance the relationship between
working and nonworking women stress level. Here working women mild level stress was more than
nonworking women.

Table 2 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by

Disturbance in sleep, wakeup
Occupation of Disturbance in sleep , wakeup Total
respondents
Mild level Moderate level Severe level
20 21 9 50
Working women
40.0% 42.0% 18.0% 100.0%
15 23 12 50
Non working
30.0% 46.0% 24.0% 100.0%
35 44 21 100
Total 35.0% 44.0% 21.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
.540
The above table reveals that stress levels among working women, the highest percentage,
(42%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress, (40%) of women were having a mild level of
stress, (18%) of the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-working
women, the highest percentage, (46%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress, (30%) of
women were having a mild level of stress, (24%) of the participants had severed level of stress.
Working women had more mild level stress than nonworking women.

Table 3 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by Feeling of
worthlessness
Occupation of Feeling of worthlessness Total
respondents
Mild level Moderate level Severe level
29 8 13 50
Working women
58.0% 16.0% 26.0% 100.0%
19 11 20 50
Non working
38.0% 22.0% 40.0% 100.0%
48 19 33 100
Total 48.0% 19.0% 33.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
.133

10
 The above table reveals that stress levels among working women, the highest percentage,
(58%) of the participants had a mild level of stress, (16%) of women were having a moderate level of
stress, (26%) of the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-working
women, the highest percentage, (40%) of the participants had a severed level of stress, (38%) of
women were having a mild level of stress, (22%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress.
statistical chi-square test shows a one percent level significance association among working and
nonworking women in stress level with 0 .133. Comparing to nonworking women working women
had more mild level stress.

Table 4 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by

Loss of enthusiasm of work
Occupation of Loss of enthusiasm of work Total
respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
18 25 7 50
Working women
36.0% 50.0% 14.0% 100.0%
14 22 14 50
Non working
28.0% 44.0% 28.0% 100.0%
32 47 21 100
Total 32.0% 47.0% 21.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
.220

The above table reveals that stress levels among working women, the highest percentage,
(50%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress, (36%) of women were having mild levels of
stress, (14%) of the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-working
women, the highest percentage, (44%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress. (23%) of
women were having a mild level of stress, (28%) of the participants had severed levels of stress,
statistical chi-square test shows no significance the relationship between working and nonworking
women stress level with 0 .220 level. Working women had more in mild level stress comparing to
non-working women. There is a relationship between self-esteem and stress.
Table 5 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by
Feeling of unappreciated

Occupation of Feeling of unappreciated Total

respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
15 21 14 50
Working women
30.0% 42.0% 28.0% 100.0%
11 28 11 50
Non-working
22.0% 56.0% 22.0% 100.0%
26 49 25 100
Total 26.0% 49.0% 25.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
.372

11
The above table reveals that among working women, the highest percentage, (42%) of the
participants had a moderate level of stress, (40%) of women were having a mild level of stress,
(28%) of the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in case of non-working women, the
highest percentage, (56%) of the participants had moderate level of stress, (22%) of women were
having mild level of stress, (22%) of the participants had severed level of stress, statistical chi-
square test shows no significance the relationship between working and nonworking women stress
level with 0 .372level.

COMPARING STRESS LEVEL BETWEEN WORKING AND NON WORKING WOMEN

BY OCCUPATIONAL FACTOR

Table 1 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by

Overlooking of Normal duties

Occupation of Overlooking of Normal duties Total

respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
19 19 12 50
Working women
38.0% 38.0% 24.0% 100.0%
18 13 19 50
Non working
36.0% 26.0% 38.0% 100.0%
37 32 31 100
Total 37.0% 32.0% 31.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
.255
The above table reveals that among working women, the highest percentage, (38%) of
women were having a mild level of stress, (38%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress,
(24%) of the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-working women, the
highest percentage, (38%) of the participants had a severed level of stress, (36%) of women were
having a mild level of stress, (26%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress. statistical chi-
square test shows no significance of the relationship between working and nonworking women stress
level with 0. .255 level.

Table 2 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by Feeling of
burdened by responsibility
Occupation of Feeling of burdened by responsibility Total
respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
19 24 7 50
Working women
38.0% 48.0% 14.0% 100.0%
15 19 16 50
Non working
30.0% 38.0% 32.0% 100.0%
34 43 23 100
Total 34.0% 43.0% 23.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
.102

12
 The above table reveals that among working women, the highest percentage, (38%) of
women were having a mild level of stress, (48%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress,
(14%) of the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-working women, the
highest percentage, (38%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress, (30%) of women were
having a mild level of stress, (32%) of the participants had severed level of stress. statistical chi-
square test shows no significance of the relationship between working and nonworking women stress
level with 0.102 level.

Table 3 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by

Less and Less time availability

Occupation of Less and Less time availability Total

respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
20 22 8 50
Working women
40.0% 44.0% 16.0% 100.0%
23 17 10 50
Non working
46.0% 34.0% 20.0% 100.0%
43 39 18 100
Total 43.0% 39.0% 18.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
.585
The above table reveals that among working women, the highest percentage, (44%) of the
participants had moderate levels of stress, (40%) of women were having a mild level of stress, (16%)
of the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-working women, the
highest percentage, (46%) of women were having a mild level of stress, (34% of the participants had
a moderate level of stress, (20%) of the participants had severed level of stress. statistical chi-square
test shows no significance of the relationship between working and nonworking women stress level
with a 0.585 level.
Table 4 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by
Excessively preoccupied

Occupation of excessively preoccupied Total

respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
21 13 16 50
Working women
42.0% 26.0% 32.0% 100.0%
19 21 10 50
Non working
38.0% 42.0% 20.0% 100.0%
40 34 26 100
Total 40.0% 34.0% 26.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
.186

The above table reveals that among working women, the highest percentage, (42%) of
women were having a mild level of stress, (26%) of the participants had a moderate level of stress,

13
(32%) of the participants had severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-working women, the
highest percentage, (42%) of women were having a mild level of stress, (38% of the participants had
a moderate level of stress, (20%) of the participants had severed level of stress. statistical chi-square
test shows no significance of the relationship between working and nonworking women stress level
with 0.186 level.

Table 5 Comparing stress level between working and non-working women by driving yourself
too hard at Home/work

Occupation of driving yourself too hard at Home/work Total

respondents Mild level Moderate level Severe level
20 20 10 50
Working women
40.0% 40.0% 20.0% 100.0%
20 17 13 50
Non working
40.0% 34.0% 26.0% 100.0%
40 37 23 100
Total 40.0% 37.0% 23.0% 100.0%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
.728
The above table reveals that among working women, the highest percentage that is 40 percent of
working and nonworking women respondents were having mild levels of stress, 40percent of the
working women respondents had a moderate level of stress, 20 percent of the working women
respondents had severed level of stress. Whereas in the case of non-working women, 34 percent of
the respondents had a moderate level of stress, 26 percent of the working women respondents had
severed levels of stress. statistical chi-square test shows no significance of the relationship between
working and nonworking women stress level with 0 .728 level.

CONCLUSION
Stress is a part of modern life, with the increasing complexity of life due to various factors
related to stress. Because Stress is involved in the concept of role, which is considered as the position
a person occupies in coordination. Women‟s in the up-to-date global world have to play a dual role
as housewives and working women. The present study proves the objectives of the study that is
working women were facing more problem of stress compared to nonworking women in all factors
such as physical, occupational, emotional and psychological. To successfully achieve stress in
everyday lives, individuals can learn to decrease and enjoy life. The greatest way to fare stress is to
avoid it. This may not be always possible. So, the next best thing is to lessen stress and make life
easier. By adopting different stress management techniques like meditation, yoga, hypnosis, guided
imagery, muscle relaxation, mindfulness breathing should be used. To restrict the stress level this is
the cause of various fatal diseases like cardiovascular diseases, Hypertension. Women being the
prime victim particularly employed women of stress; therefore their stress management is essential

14
 both in the Govt. and private organizations. From this study, it is clear that if working women get
more family support their stress level can be reduced when comparing to household women.

REFERENCES
 Robbins and Sanghi https://www.athayurdhamah.com/stress.html?gclid=EAIaIQobChMItac5rHI4gIVQY6PCh1
yogsJ EAMYASAAEgJmR_D_BwE retrived on 3-6-2019)

 Abrol https://www.athayurdhamah.com/stress.html?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIta_c5rHI4gIVQY6PCh1yogs
JEAMYASA AE gJmR_D_BwE retrived on 3-6-2019)

 HARILAL A and SANTHOSH V A (2017) A comparative study on stress levels among working women and
housewives withreference to the state of Kerala NMIMS JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND PUBLIC
POLICYVolume II • Issue 1 • April 2017 http://epp-journal.nmims.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/april/a-
comparative-study-on-stress-levels-among-working-women-and-housewives-with-reference-to-the-state-of-
kerala-harilal-a-santhosh-v-a.pdf retrived on 3-6-2019)

 Muntazir Maqbool Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna and Muntazir Maqbool Kermane (2016) A Psychological
Study on Stress among Employed Women and Housewives and Its Management through Progressive Muscular
Relaxation Technique(PMRT) and Mindfulness Breathing, Garhwal University January 2016 with 807 Reads,
DOI:10.4172/2161-0487.100024(retrived on 3-6-2019)

 Mukhopadhyay S. (1989) Working status and stress of middle class women of Calcutta. J Biosoc Sci. 1989
Jan;21(1):109-14.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2925695 retrived on 3-6-2019)

 S. K. Mohanasundhari (2017) A Comparative Study to assess the level of Stress between working and non
working women in Sir Ivan Stedeford Hospital at Ambattur M.SC Pediatric Nursing, Faculty -College of
Nursing, AIIMS Jodhpur, Rajasthan http://ajner.com/HTMLPaper.aspx?Journal =Asian%20Journal%20of%
20Nursing%20Education%20and%20Research;PID=2017-7-4-23 retrived on 3-6-2019)

15

View publication stats