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Unit J

The document discusses the concept of differentiation, specifically focusing on the equations of normals to various curves at given points. It includes tasks that require finding the equations of normals and solving problems involving tangents and normals to curves. Several examples with solutions are provided for practice.

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Poh Zi Yi
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5 views

Unit J

The document discusses the concept of differentiation, specifically focusing on the equations of normals to various curves at given points. It includes tasks that require finding the equations of normals and solving problems involving tangents and normals to curves. Several examples with solutions are provided for practice.

Uploaded by

Poh Zi Yi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topic : DIFFERENTIATION

Unit J : Equation of Normal 1. Normal to the curve y  f (x) at the point ( x1 , y1 ) is a


straight line that is perpendicular to the tangent to the curve
y  f (x) at the point ( x1 , y1 ) .
Curve
Tangent 2. Equation of the normal is
y  y1  m N ( x  x1 ) where m N  mT  1 which leads to
 P(x1 , y1) 1
m N  value of  dy
when x  x1
dx
Normal 1
or mN  
f ' ( x1 )

Task 1 : Find the equation of normal at a given point, for each of the following curves.

1. Find the equation of the normal to the curve y  1  2 x 2 at the point (1 , –1). Ans : x – 4y – 5 = 0

1 2
2. Find the equation of the normal to the curve y  x  x at the point (2 , 4). Ans : x + 3y – 14 = 0
2
3. Find the equation of the normal to the curve y  ( x  1)( x  3) at the point (–1 , 0). Ans : x + 2y + 1 = 0

3
4. Find the equation of the normal to the curve y  4 x  at the point (1 , 7). Ans : x – 2y + 13 = 0
x2

5. Find the equation of the normal to the curve y  3x 2 (1  2 x) at the point x = 1. Ans : x – 12y – 37 = 0

8
6. Find the equation of the normal to the curve y  2 x  at the point x = 4. Ans : y = –x + 4
x

Task 2 : Solve problems involving tangent and normal

1. It is given that y = 8 is the equation of the tangent to the curve y   x 2  4 x  4 at the point (p , q).
Find the value of p and of q. Ans : p = 2 , q = 8

2. Given the equation of a curve is y  x 3  6 x 2  3 , find the coordinates of the point on the curve where
the tangent to the curve is parallel to x-axis. Ans : (0 , 3) , (4 , –29)

3. Find the equation two tangents to the curve y  x 2  8 x  12 that pass through the point (4 , –8).
Ans : y = –4x +8 , y = 4x – 24

4. The normal to the curve xy = 20 at the point (2 , 10) intersect with the curve again at the point P.
Find the coordinates of point P. Ans : P(–50 ,  52 )

5. The straight line y + 2x – 5 = 0 is a tangent to the curve y  x 3  5 x  7 at the point R.


Find
(a) the coordinates of R,
(b) the equation of another tangent to the curve which is parallel to the tangent at R.
Ans : (a) R(1 , 3) (b) y = –2x + 9

6. The straight line y = 2x – 3 is a tangent to the curve y  x 3  3x 2  7 x  2 at the point H.


Find
(a) the coordinates of H,
(b) another point on the curve such that its tangent is parallel to y = 2x – 3.
Ans : (a) H(1 , –1) (b) (–3 , 23)
7. Given that 3 x 2  kx is a function of the gradient of a curve where k is a constant.
It is also given that x – 7y + 13 = 0 is the equation of the normal to the curve at the point (1 , 2).
Find
(a) the value of k ,
(b) the equation of the tangent to the curve at the point (1 , 2).
Ans : (a) k = 10 (b) y = –7x + 9

8. Given that kx  5 is a function of the gradient of a curve where k is a constant.


It is also given that 7x + y – 5 = 0 is the equation of the tangent to the curve at the point (–1 , 12).
Find
(a) the value of k ,
(b) the equation of the normal to the curve at the point (–1 , 12).
1 85
Ans : (a) k = 2 (b) y = 7 x+ 7

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