SCIENCE GRADE 10

QAURTER 2 MODULE 3 WEEK 3

EM WAVE TPE RADIO WAVES, MICROWAVES AND INFRARED

Learning Competencies (Essential Competencies)

• Cite examples of practical applications of the different regions of the EM waves,
such as radio waves, microwaves and infrared used in telecommunication. (S10-
FE-IIc-d-48)

Objectives
• Explain how radio waves are generated, transmitted, and received in television
and radio communication.
• Discuss how microwaves are used in cooking, radar and satellite
communications.
• Explain how infrared waves are used in electronic appliances, right vision,
goggles, medical diagnosis and communication.

Brief Description:
In the previous module, you learned about EM waves. You gained understanding of the
different electromagnetic waves and their benefits. One of these common among these EM waves is
radio waves and microwaves. This can be used for their comfort and less work to perform many tasks
that can be used in the daily activities.

Day 1

Let’s Recall

Read the statement below. Copy and answer on the answer sheet provided. What type of EM wave is
used in the following applications?

1. Watching television broadcasting

2. Making of cake in an oven
3. Calling through a mobile phone
4. Listening of music in transistor radio
5. Heating of bread in an oven toaster
6. Artificial lighting and optical fibers
7. Remote control in household appliances
8. Sterilization of water
9. Radiation in treating or killing of cancer cells
10. Medical use and engineering application

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 Let’s Understand

Study the information below regarding the applications/uses of radio waves, microwaves and infrared.

EM Spectrum Example Description

Radio waves have a wide range of

1. Radio wavelengths. The whole region of radio waves
waves is divided into smaller stations or wavebands.
Each waveband is allocated by law to a
specific radio service. Low frequency waves
are suitable for. communication to extend the
https://www.google.com.ph/sear range, a repeater is used. The repeater receives
ch?q=radio+waves
the signal and re-transmits it to the receiving
station. Radio waves have the longest
wavelength in the EM spectrum. They are
produced by making electrons vibrate in an
antenna. They are used to transmit sound and
picture information over long distances. Their
wavelengths are below nm.
Radio waves are the EM waves found at the
left end of EM spectrum (arranged from low
frequencies to high frequencies). They are the
type of EM waves with the longest
wavelength but they are low frequencies
thereby carrying the lowest energy among the
EM waves.
Characteristics:
1. Not of sight
2. can pass through walls
3. Longer range
4. Not light sensitive
Some of the disadvantages of radio
frequencies include:
1. Communication devices that make use of
the same frequencies interfere with
transmission.
2. It is easier to “eavesdrop” since signals are
transmitted in space rather than a wire.
3. More costly than infrared.

2. Microwaves Microwaves can penetrate the

atmosphere of the earth. This is the reason
why they are used for satellite
communications. Communication satellites
travel around the earth at an altitude of 35,000
km above the equator. They move at a speed
of 11,300 km/hr and revolve around the earth
every 24 hour, the same rate as the rotation of
https://www.google.com.ph/sear
the earth. This makes them appear to be
ch?q=microwaves stationary when seen on earth. Antennae are

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 mounted to point in fixed directions towards
these satellites. Microwaves signals are
transmitted by an antenna to a satellite which
amplifies and retransmits the signal to an
antenna in other parts of the world. This is
how we communicate with the rest of the
world. Microwaves have short wavelengths
and are reflected by small objects. This
property is used in radar. Radar is the
acronym of detection and ranging.
Microwaves have smaller wavelengths than
radio waves. They are used in satellite
communication, radar, television transmission
and cooking. Their wavelengths range from
1nm to 25um.
Microwaves are applied in so many
ways from texting to cooking, and to
communications to the rest of the world.
Applications of Microwaves
1. satellite communication
2. radars
3. Tv transmission
4. Microwave oven
How a microwave oven cook food
inside it?
1. Apart of the oven produce
microwaves.
2. The microwaves are sent to the
reflecting fan.
3. The microwaves are reflected in
many directions by the fan and the walls of
the microwave oven.
4. As microwaves pass through thee
food, they transfer energy to the water
molecules in the form of heat. This will cook
the food.

Infrared radiation lies beyond the red end of

3.Infrared visible light. It is emitted by all objects. The
amount and wavelength of radiation depend
on temperature. Below 5000C, an object emits
only infrared radiation. Above 500 0C, an
object glows and emits both infrared and some
visible light. Our bodies radiate infrared and
under infrared cameras or a night goggle, our
ttps://www.google.com.ph/searc images appear in a variety of colors. The
h?q=infrared+thermal+scanner
differences in color determine the differences
in temperature.
Useful applications of infrared radiations:
1. Infrared photographs taken from a satellite
with special films provide useful details on the
vegetation of the earth surface.
2. Infrared scanners are used to show the
temperature variation of the body. This can be
used for medical diagnosis.

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 3. Infrared remote controls are used in TV’s,
video, cassette recorders and other electronic
appliances.
4. Infrared telescopes are used in seeing the
dark.
5.Autofocus cameras has a transmitter that
sends out infrared pulses. The pulses are
reflected by the object to be photographed
back to the camera. The distance of the object
is calculated by the time lag between the
sending and receiving pulses. The lens is then
driven by a built-in motor to adjust to get the
correct focus of the object.
Infrared is also used in the following devices:
1. Augmentative communication devices
2. Car locking system
3.Computers
a. mouse
b. key boards
c. printers
4. Emergency response system
5. Headphones
6. Home security systems
7. Navigation system
8. Signages
9. Telephones
10. Some toys
Nowadays, infrared technology provides
numerous advantages especially wireless
communication. The following reasons
explain why:
1.Lower power requirements that makes it
ideal laptops, and other technological devices.
2. Low circuitry costs
The following characteristics of infrared can
be considered as disadvantages:
1.Transmitters and receivers should be
directly aligned to connect and communicate.
2.Can be blocked by common materials.

Let’s Apply
I. Perform the Activity No. 1 Sound check!

Assuming that you have a transistor radio with antenna and try to stroke the free end
of the antenna, wrap tightly the antennae using electrical tape and try to turn the radio AM or
FM. At a distance of 15 cm from the radio stroke again, the free end of the wire across the
fork’s prongs. Observe what happens to its sound wave. Answer the following question
below. Copy and write your answer on the answer sheet provided.
Guide Questions:
1. What happens when you stroke the prongs with the wire?
2. How does changing the position affect the results?
3. What might be the cause when you sometimes hear the static sound in your radio?
What can you done to resolve it?

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 II. Perform the Activity No. 2 It’s getting hotter!

II. Perform Activity No. 2 It’s getting hotter!

Microwave oven cook food inside. Apart of the oven produce microwaves.
The microwaves are sent to the reflecting fan. The microwaves are reflected
in many directions by the fan and the walls
of the microwave oven. As microwaves pass through thee food,
they transfer energy to the water molecules in the form of heat.
This will cook the food.
Guide Question:
1. Why do you set the time and temperature in making of bread in an
oven?

2. What might happen to the food like bread present in an oven as

temperature increases?

III. Make a checklist in the following statement about radio wave, micro wave and
infrared. Put check (/) if the statement is correct or TRUE if FALSE change the
incorrect statement. Write your answer on the answer sheet.

Statement TRUE FALSE

(/) (Correct
statement)
1. Infrared remote controls are used in
TV’s, video, cassette recorders and other
electronic appliances.
2.Some night- vision goggles use
microwave
3. Radio waves is also used in the following
devices such as augmentative
communication devices, car locking system
And computers
4 The microwaves are reflected in many
directions by the fan. and the walls of the
microwave oven.
5. Radio waves scanners are used to show
the temperature variation of the body. This
can be used for medical diagnosis.

Day 2

Let’s Analyze

I. Read and answer the following question based on the important concepts and
characteristics of the type of EM waves. Use figure 1 for EM Spectrum and its type.
Choose your answer in the following clues using acronym of the type of EM wave.

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 Figure 1. EM Spectrum and its Types
Source: https://www.google.com/search?q=electromagnetic+spectrum& source

CLUES: GR (Gamma ray) IR (Infrared ray)

XR (X-ray) VL (Visible light)

RW (Radio wave) MW (Microwave) UV (Ultra violet ray)

1. Its size is similar to atomic nuclei.

2. It can damage body tissues and its wavelength can be 10 -20.
3. It serve as a production of vitamin D. and its frequency range to 10 16.
4. Communication devices that make use the same frequencies interfere with transmission and
its approximate wavelength is just like a building.
5. It can be used for artificial lighting and its temperature is somewhat 9,7270C.

Day 4

Let’s Evaluate

Multiple Choice: Read the question below. Choose your answer on the following choices. Write your
answer on the answer sheet provided.

1. Which electromagnetic wave carries less energy than the others?

A. Microwave B. Radio wave C. UV radiation D. Visible light

2. What electromagnetic wave sometimes called heat rays?

A. Gamma ray B. Infrared C. Radio wave D. Visible light

3. Which electronic device that can be used in making of bread and heating food?

A. Infrared B. Radio wave C. Microwaves D. X-ray

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 4. Which electronic device that can be used in signages and telecommunications?

A. Microwave B. Radio wave C. Infrared D. UV radiation

5. Which electromagnetic wave carries high energy and longer wavelength?

A. Microwave B. Radio wave C. Infrared D. Gamma ray

6. Microwaves can be used in satellite communication. Which electromagnetic wave can be

used in satellite and telecommunication?

A. Microwave B. Radio wave C. Infrared D. Gamma ray

7. What electromagnetic wave can have longer wavelength than microwaves infrared waves?

A. Microwave B. Radio wave C. Infrared D. Gamma ray

8. Which of the following statement is NOT useful application of infrared radiation?

A. Some night vision goggles use infrared radiation.

B. Infrared photographs is not taken from satellite with special film provide useful details of the
vegetation on the Earth’s surface.
C. Infrared scanners can be used to show the temperature variation of the body. This can be used
for medical diagnosis.
D. Infrared remote controls are used in TV’s, video, cassette recorders, and other electronic
appliances.

9. How will you describe the microwaves signals?

A. It is transmitted by an antenna to a satellite which amplifies and re-transmit the signal to an

antenna in other parts of the world.
B. It is not transmitted by an antenna to a satellite which amplifies and re-transmit the signal to an
antenna in other parts of the world.
C. It is transmitted by an antenna to a satellite which do not amplifies and re-transmit the signal to
an antenna in other parts of the world.
D. It is transmitted by an antenna and microphone to a satellite which amplifies and re-transmit
the signal to an antenna in other parts of the world.

10. Which of the following is not an example of infrared radiation?

A. Headphones, navigation system, and car locking systems

B. Keyboards, printers, and signages
C. telephones, computers, and emergency response system
D. Home security system, some toys, and medical treatment

Let’s Create

Goal: Your task is to create a visual Thank you Letter for the importance of the EM spectrum and
relate it to applications/use in scientific investigation, technology, security and etc. Make use of short
bond paper and drawing tools to design your output.

Role: You have been asked to gather data about the application/uses of the type of EM wave.

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Audience: The student, parent /guardian and teacher will serve as an evaluator about the
applications/uses of the type of EM wave. You present this in the class.

Situation: Reading of the practical applications/uses of EM waves can be easily understood by

understanding the science concept involved in EM waves.

Standards: You will perform this for 2 days. As soon as you finish it, present your Thank You letter
of the type of EM wave in the class and can be assessed according to the rubric that will be given by
the teacher.

Rubric for Thank You Letter “Importance of EM Wave and its Practical Applications to Scientific
investigation, technology, industry, security and etc.

Criteria Points
1.Content 1 pt- Lack of information in the output.
2 pts- Incomplete information is written but failed to complete
the output.
3pts- Most information is written clearly with supporting
evidences in the output

2.Presentation 1 pt- Never gave an explanation in the output and failed to

for the report report.
2pts-Incomplete report in explaining the output.
3 pts-Completely deliver and explain the output very clearly.

Creativity and 1 pt- Satisfactorily in presenting the output but not so visible
Accuracy and creative.
2 pts- Very satisfactorily in presenting the visible and clear
output.
3 pts- Outstanding accomplishment in presenting the output
with good appearance and design.