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02Geometry_Terminology_Definitions

The document provides definitions and terminology related to geometry, including types of triangles, angles, lines, and points. It also covers basic concepts in trigonometry, fractions, measurements, and algebra. Each term is clearly defined to aid understanding of geometric and mathematical principles.

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Kiwi Zah
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© © All Rights Reserved
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5 views

02Geometry_Terminology_Definitions

The document provides definitions and terminology related to geometry, including types of triangles, angles, lines, and points. It also covers basic concepts in trigonometry, fractions, measurements, and algebra. Each term is clearly defined to aid understanding of geometric and mathematical principles.

Uploaded by

Kiwi Zah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Geometry Terminology: Definitions

1. Geometry: Figures and Their Properties


Acute triangle: A triangle where all angles are less than 90 degrees.

Equilateral triangle: A triangle where all three sides are of equal length.

Isosceles triangle: A triangle with two equal sides.

Scalene triangle: A triangle where all three sides have different lengths.

Right triangle: A triangle with one 90-degree angle.

Convex: A shape where all interior angles are less than 180 degrees.

Concave: A shape where at least one interior angle is greater than 180 degrees.

Polygon: A closed figure with straight sides.

Circle: A closed curve where all points are equidistant from the center.

2. Angles
Adjacent angle: Two angles that share a common side and vertex.

Alternate angle: Angles that lie on opposite sides of a transversal cutting two parallel lines.

Complementary angle: Two angles whose sum is 90 degrees.

Supplementary angle: Two angles whose sum is 180 degrees.

Corresponding angle: Angles in the same relative position at intersections of a transversal


and two lines.

Exterior angle: An angle formed outside a polygon by one of its sides and the extension of an
adjacent side.

Interior angle: An angle inside a polygon formed by two adjacent sides.

Reflex angle: An angle greater than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees.

3. Lines and Points


Axis: A line around which an object rotates or is symmetric.

Collinear: Points that lie on the same straight line.

Chord: A line segment that connects two points on a curve.

Tangent: A straight line that touches a curve at a single point without crossing it.
Secant: A straight line that intersects a curve at two or more points.

Parallel lines: Lines in a plane that never intersect.

Perpendicular lines: Lines that intersect at a right angle.

4. Trigonometry
COS or Cosine: The ratio of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse in a right triangle.

Sine: The ratio of the opposite side to the hypotenuse in a right triangle.

Tangent: The ratio of the opposite side to the adjacent side in a right triangle.

Cotangent: The reciprocal of the tangent.

5. Fractions and Numbers


Common denominator: A shared multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions.

Denominator: The bottom part of a fraction that shows how many equal parts the whole is
divided into.

Numerator: The top part of a fraction that shows how many parts are being considered.

Divisor: A number by which another number is divided.

Factor: A number that divides another number without leaving a remainder.

Multiple: A number that can be divided by another number without leaving a remainder.

Prime number: A number greater than 1 that has no divisors other than 1 and itself.

Composite number: A number greater than 1 that has more than two divisors.

6. Measurements
Diameter: A line segment passing through the center of a circle that connects two points on
the circle.

Radius: The distance from the center of a circle to any point on the circle.

Circumference: The distance around the edge of a circle.

Area: The amount of surface covered by a shape.

Perimeter: The total length of the boundary of a shape.

Volume: The amount of space occupied by a 3D object.

Height: The vertical distance from the base to the top of an object.

Base: The bottom side of a shape.


7. Algebra
Variable: A symbol used to represent a number.

Equation: A mathematical statement that shows the equality of two expressions.

Inequality: A mathematical statement that compares two expressions using symbols like >,
<, ≥, or ≤.

Coefficient: A number that multiplies a variable in an equation.

Term: A single part of an expression or equation.

Exponent: A number that shows how many times the base is multiplied by itself.

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