practical revision
practical revision
beaker cools.
100
clamp
90
90
clamp
80
80
thermometer A thermometer B
beaker A beaker B
bench
Fig. 2.1
(a) (i) 200 cm3 of hot water is poured into beaker A and the initial temperature rises to the value
shown on thermometer A in Fig. 2.1.
In the first row of Table 2.1, record this temperature θA for time t = 0.
100cm3 of hot water is poured into beaker B. The temperature rises to the value shown
on thermometer B in Fig. 2.1.
In the first row of the table, record this temperature θB for time t = 0.
[1]
(ii) The temperatures θA and θB of the water in each experiment at times t = 30 s, 60 s, 90s,
120 s, 150 s and 180 s are shown in the table.
Complete the headings and the time column in the table. [2]
1
Table 2.1
beaker A beaker B
with 200 cm3 of water with 100 cm3 of water
t/ θA / θB /
0
85.0 86.0
83.0 83.0
81.5 80.5
80.0 78.0
78.5 76.0
77.5 74.5
(b) Describe one precaution which should be taken to ensure that the temperature readings in
the experiment are as accurate as possible.
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(c) Write a conclusion stating how the volume of water in the beaker affects the rate of cooling of
the water. Justify your answer by reference to the results.
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(d) (i) Using the results for 100 cm3 of water, calculate the average rate of cooling x 1 for the
first 90 s of the experiment. Use the readings from the table and the equation
θ 0 – θ90
x1 = ,
t
2
where t = 90 s and θ 0 and θ90 are the temperatures at time 0 and at time 90 s.
Include the unit for the rate of cooling.
x1 = ........................................................... [1]
(ii) Using the results for 100 cm3 of water, calculate the average rate of cooling x2 in the last
90 s of the experiment. Use the readings from the table and the equation
θ 90 – θ180
x2 = ,
t
where t = 90 s and θ 90 and θ180 are the temperatures at time 90 s and at time 180 s.
Include the unit for the rate of cooling.
x2 = ............................................................[1]
(e) A student suggests that it is important that the experiments with the two volumes of water
should have the same starting temperatures.
State whether your values for x 1 and x2 support this suggestion. Justify your statement with
reference to your results.
statement ..................................................................................................................................
justification .................................................................................................................................
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[2]
[Total: 10]
3
A student is investigating the factors that affect the size of the crater (hole) a ball makes when it is
dropped into sand.
Plan an experiment which would enable you to investigate one factor which might affect the size
of the crater.
• explain briefly how you would carry out the experiment including what would be measured
and how this would be done,
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1
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[Total: 10]