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Data Structure

The document discusses self-balancing trees, a crucial data structure in computer science that maintains balance to optimize search, insertion, and deletion operations. It outlines various types of self-balancing trees, their working mechanisms, and their importance in ensuring efficient data management. Applications in databases, operating systems, and networking are highlighted, along with a comparison of different self-balancing tree types and their time complexities.

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muhammadalmaslang
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2 views

Data Structure

The document discusses self-balancing trees, a crucial data structure in computer science that maintains balance to optimize search, insertion, and deletion operations. It outlines various types of self-balancing trees, their working mechanisms, and their importance in ensuring efficient data management. Applications in databases, operating systems, and networking are highlighted, along with a comparison of different self-balancing tree types and their time complexities.

Uploaded by

muhammadalmaslang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presentations

Subject Data Structure & Algorithms

Self Balancing Tree And Their


Topic Importance In Binary Tree

Prof Adnan Majeed


Submission To

submission By Muhammad Almas

Department cs 3rd
1. Introduction
Data structures are essential in computer science as they help store,
organize, and manage data efficiently. One such important data structure is a
self-balancing tree, which maintains its balance automatically to optimize
search, insertion, and deletion operations.
Clean Text
Slide for your
Presentation

2. What is a Self-Balancing Tree?

A self-balancing tree is a type of binary search tree (BST) that automatically


maintains a balanced structure. This ensures that the tree's height remains small,
preventing long chains of nodes and keeping operations efficient.

Key Characteristics
 Automatically adjusts itself when inserting or deleting
nodes.
 Keeps the height of the tree as low as possible.
 Guarantees efficient operations in O(log n) time.

3. Types of Self-Balancing Trees

There are different types of self-balancing trees, each with its own rules for maintaining balance:

Tree Type Description


AVL Tree Uses height balancing; rotates when imbalance occurs.
Red-Black
Uses color properties (Red/Black) to maintain balance.
Tree
B-Trees Used in databases; balances multiple child nodes.
Splay Tree Moves recently accessed nodes to the top for faster access.
4. How Self-Balancing Trees Work

Self-balancing trees use rotation operations to maintain balance.


Balancing Techniques:
1. Left Rotation: Used when the right subtree is too deep.
2. Right Rotation: Used when the left subtree is too deep.
3. Left-Right Rotation: A combination of left and right rotations.
4. Right-Left Rotation: A combination of right and left rotations.
These rotations help in keeping the tree’s height as minimal as possible
5. Importance of Self-Balancing Trees

Self-balancing trees are crucial in computer science due to their


efficiency and performance. Their advantages include:
✅ Fast Searching – Keeps operations within O(log n) time
complexity.
✅ Efficient Insertions & Deletions – Prevents the tree from
becoming unbalanced.
✅ Better Performance in Large Datasets – Useful in
applications handling large data.
✅ Optimized Memory Usage – Ensures minimal tree height,
saving space

6. Applications of Self-Balancing Trees


Self-balancing trees are widely used in various fields, including:
🔹 Databases: Used in indexing for fast data retrieval.
🔹 Operating Systems: Used in process scheduling.
🔹 Networking: Used in routing tables to maintain fast lookup
speeds.
🔹 Compilers: Helps in syntax tree balancing.

7. Comparison of Different Self-Balancing


Trees

Tree Type Best Use Case Time Complexity (Insert/Delete/Search)


AVL Tree Fast search operations O(log n)
Red-Black Tree Used in databases and OS O(log n)
B-Trees Best for large-scale storage O(log n)
Splay Trees Frequently accessed data O(log n) (Amortized)

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