CHAPTER 1: THE ALPHABET

We know that every language uses a set of letters which is called its alphabet. We
use 26 letters for writing English. The letters are –

ABCDEFGHIJLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

This set of twenty-six letters used to write English is called the English Alphabet.
Remember that though the English Alphabet has only 26 letters, yet this language uses over
40 sounds. These additional sounds come from letter- clusters and letter-blends (bl, fr, pl, ch,
ou etc.)

A letter-cluster is formed when two or more consonants come together without any
vowel between them.

A letter-blend is formed when two letters come together to give a new sound
different from their own sounds; ou, eu, ua, au,ch, sh,th etc.

CAPITALS AND SMALLS

Each English letter is written in two different forms- large and small. For example,
large “A” and small “a”.

English letters written in large form are called Capital Letters or simply Capitals.

English letters written in small form are called Small Letters or simply Smalls.

USE OF CAPITALS

Written words in English are mostly made up of small letters. But in certain cases,
capital letters are also used. Here are some rules for their use:

1. The first letter of the first word of a sentence;

He has brought milk for us.
2. The first letter of a proper noun;
Monday, Myanmar, Man etc.
3. The first letter of a quotation;
The priest said, “Trust in God.”
4. The first letter of a title;
Lord Clive, King David etc.
5. G of the word God, used for the Almighty;
Strange are the ways of God.
6. The pronoun I and the interjection O;
It is I, sir.
Pardon me, O God!
EXERCISES
Exercise 1. Put the capitals where necessary:

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 1. where is mg mg? he has gone to chennai.
2. daw la said, “my father is in yangon.”
3. i shall have a holiday on friday.
4. the weather is very fine. let us go for a walk.
5. who is she? she is my cousin.

Exercise 2. Fill up the blanks:

1. Spoken words are made up of ___________.

2. _________ words are made up of letters.
3. The English alphabet has _________ letters in all.
4. English letters written in large form are called ________.
5. English letters written in small form are called ________.
6. When two letters blend, a new _______ is formed.
7. In a letter cluster, each letter gives its own _________.

CHAPTER 2: VOWELS AND CONSONANTS

Vowels

The 26 letters of the English alphabet fall into two chief classes when considered in
regard to the sounds they stand for. Some of them have open sounds. While speaking them,
our breath comes out of the mouth without being completely stopped anywhere. These
letters are voiced letters and so they are called vowels.

Vowels are only five in number. They are-

a, e, I, o, u.

These vowels are the very soul of the English language. They help other letters of the
alphabet to sound properly. Without them, they cannot be spoken, in fact. Take two letters p
and t. When written as pt, they cannot be spoken properly and so they cannot make any
word. But if a vowel is combined with them, they can be spoken as different words. These
words are:

Pat, pet, pit, pot, put, apt, opt etc.

A vowel is a letter standing for an open sound that can be spoken independently.

Non-vowels or Consonants

Take away the five vowels from the English alphabet. The remaining 21 letters do not
have open sounds. While speaking any consonant, the breath is once completely stopped in
the mouth by the throat, tongue, teeth or lips. These 21 letters require the help of the
vowels to be spoken. That is why they are called Consonants or non-vowels.

A consonant is a letter that can sound with the help of some vowels or semi-vowels
only.

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Semi- Vowels and Semi-Consonants

We have seen that the letters of the English alphabet can be broadly put into two
classes- vowels and consonants. Still there are three letters of the alphabet that have a
double character. Each of them sometimes sounds as a vowel and sometimes as a
consonant. These three letters fall into two classes – semi-vowels and semi consonants.

Semi-Vowels. Two consonants of the English alphabet have a peculiar quality. They
are w and y. They stand in between the vowels and the non-vowels. Sometimes they sound
as vowels and sometimes as non-vowels. Observe the following examples:

w, y as non-vowels w, y as vowels

was cow

wait dew

walk few

yes my

year cry

yellow fly

It is clear from the above examples that y as a vowel sounds as long I and w as a
vowel sounds as long u.

So, w and y are called semi-vowels.

Semi-consonant. There is a vowel among the five vowels of the alphabet that has a
double character. It mostly sounds as a vowel but in a few words, it sounds like the
consonant y. Here are a few examples:

u as a vowel u as a consonant

cup, put, pulse unit, use, union

rule, cube, fuel university

So, u is called a semi-consonant.

Syllables

A single vowel or a group of letters with one vowel sound is called a syllable.

A word may have one, two, three, four or five syllables even.

Observe the following examples:

1. I, O, may, talk (one syllable)

2. Sai-lor, sis-ter, poin-ter, hap-py (two syllables)

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 3. To- mor-row, in-do-lent, un-der-stand (three syllables)
4. Re-com-mend-ing (four syllables)
5. Re-com-mend-a-tory (five syllables)

EXERCISES

Exercise 1: Put a vowel in each blank to make a word.

C_n, f_r, r_n, p_n, c_w, tr_p, st_ck, l_mp, k_ll, c_rt, f_n, h_pp_n, s_d, l_nd, d_sk,

Exercise 2: Put a semivowel in each blank to make a word:

Fe_, e_e, flo_, h_mn, la_, st_, slo_, ne_s, se_n, bro_n, st_le, fr_

Exercise 3: Put a consonant in each blank to make a word:

_as, _ear, ca_in, ru_ee, ta_le, chai_, gra_e, w_y, whe_e, p_y, bul_ock, pla_e

Exercise 4: Divide each of these words into syllables:

Father, bullock, village, bazaar, grumbling, gently, railway, collar, yesterday, silently,
holiday, paper, overcoat, umbrella, recommend, sorrowful, dinner, indifferent,
Saturday.

Exercise 5: Answer these questions:

1. What is a vowel? How many vowels are there in English? Name them.
2. What is a semi-vowel? Name them.
3. What is a consonant? Name them.
4. What is a syllable?

CHAPTER 3: WORDS AND WORD-GROUPS

Words

We always talk and write using words. Sometimes a single word makes an idea clear.
If I say to you-

“Go” you can understand what I mean.

Similarly, the word “come” or “sit” or “stand” makes the speaker’s meaning clear.

Word-Groups

We cannot go very far with such single words. Mostly we use several words together,
i.e word-groups. We say:

1. Go there immediately.
2. Come back in no time.
3. Sit down here.
4. Stand up in the sun.

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 Each of these word-groups makes the speaker’s purpose clear. The hearer or the
reader can follow it easily.

Order of words

Observe these word groups:

1. a Mary has lamb little.

2. two are we brothers.
3. a very sum easy is this.

All these word-groups are meaningless. Why is it so? Because their words are not in
proper order. They stand jumbled. Let us put them in proper order.

1. Mary has a little lamb.

2. We are two brothers.
3. This is a very easy sum.

Now, each of the above word-groups makes sense and gives complete meaning. So,
we must arrange the words in a certain order to express clear meaning.

The Phrase

A phrase is a word-group that makes sense but not complete sense.

Observe the following word-groups:

1. In the corner
2. At the dead of night
3. In a hurry

Does each word-group make sense? Yes, it does make sense but not complete sense.
The words are in correct order, but they give incomplete sense. We have to know
something more in each case to get complete meaning. For example-

1. What is there- in the corner?

2. What happened- at the dead of night?
3. Who is- in a hurry?

Word groups that make only incomplete sense are called phrases.

The Sentence

A sentence is a word-group that makes complete sense.

Let us add required words to make complete sense to each of the above phrases:

1. The chair is lying in the corner.

2. It began to rain at the end of the night.
3. The teacher was in a hurry.

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 Now, each word-group gives clear and complete meaning. Such word-groups
are called sentences.

EXERCISES

Exercise 1: Arrange the words in each word-group in proper order so that it makes complete
sense:

1. Is today it cold very

2. Under is cat the table the
3. A is my teacher mother
4. Must neighbor your love you
5. The barked at dog the boy

Exercise 2: Add words to each phrase to make it a sentence:

1. early one morning

2. across the road
3. at 7:00 am
4. within an hour
5. in a very happy mood

CHAPTER 4: THE SUBJECT AND THE PREDICATE

Part of a sentence

We know that sentences are made up of words. When words are set in proper order,
they make sentences.

Observe the following sentences:

1. Mary has a little lamb.

2. The cat chased the rat.
3. The milkman is coming.

Each of these sentences has two parts: one of these two parts is in bold letters. It
shows what/who we are talking about.

In sentence 1, we talk about -Mary.

In sentence 2, we talk about -The cat.

In sentence 3, we talk about -The milkman.

So, this part is the “subject of the talk” in each sentence. That is why it is called the
subject of the sentence.

The subject of a sentence is the noun or pronoun that does the action or about
which something is said.

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 The other part of each sentence is in ordinary letters. It gives- what we say about the
subject.

In sentence 1, we say- has a little lamb-about- Mary.

In sentence 2, we say- chased the rat- about- The cat.

In sentence 3, we say-is coming- about- The milkman.

This part affirms or predicates something about the subject of each sentence. So, it is
called the predicate of the sentence.

The predicate of a sentence is the word—group that predicates or affirms something

about its subject.

EXERCISES

Exercise 1: Underline subjects in the following sentences:

1. Your coat is very fine.

2. Lions roar in forests.
3. Victor stood first in the test.
4. The flight was late by two hours.
5. The hounds chased the running hare.

Exercise 2: Underline predicates in the following sentences:

1. The king died of a broken heart.

2. Cats live on mice.
3. My father runs a bakery.
4. The teacher taught us anew lesson.
5. The dog is a faithful animal.

Exercise 3: Answer these questions

1. What is a sentence? How many chief parts does it have?

2. Name the two chief parts of a sentence.
3. What is a subject?
4. What is a predicate?

CHAPTER 5: PARTS OF SPEEECH

Speech

The word speech means whatever we speak or talk. When we talk, we use
sentences. Each sentence is made up of words. Each word is made up of letters put in a
certain order. Groups of letters that have meaning are called words and group of words that
makes sense are called sentences. It requires different types or classes of words to be put
together to build up a sentence. These different words do different jobs to help the sentence

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convey a complete thought. Evidently, words are the basic building blocks of speech. That is
why they are called parts of speech.

Parts of speech

It is clear that our speech(talk) is made up of different kinds of words. Just as we

require different kinds of workmen to build a house, we need different kinds of words to
build up a language. To build a house, we need brick-layers, laborers, masons, plumbers,
carpenters and painters etc. in the same way, we require naming words (to name things),
words of action (to show actions), qualifying words (to tell the quantities), joining words
(words that join words) and many other types of words to build up our speech. So, we can
say that our speech has a number of parts. Conventionally, English words fall into eight
different classes. However, nowadays some people consider nine or even ten parts of speech
(adding articles and determiners) in modern English.

1. Noun – naming words

2. Pronouns – words used for nouns to avoid their repetition
3. Determiners – words that refer to the natures and limits of references made by
nouns and pronouns.
4. Verbs – words that express actions, events or facts.
5. Adjectives – words that qualify nouns.
6. Adverbs – words that qualify verbs and adjectives.
7. Prepositions – words that relate nouns to other nouns or pronouns in a sentence.
8. Conjunction – words that join words and sentences.
9. Interjections – words expressing sudden feelings of the mind.

Grammar

It is the science of Grammar that helps us know about words, their jobs and about
sentences. It teaches us the correct use of words. It keeps a language in discipline. It consists
of various sets of rules that teaches us how to speak and write a language in its correct form.

Grammar is the science that teaches us how to speak and write a language in its
correct form.

EXERCISES

Exercise 1: Answer these questions.

1. How many parts of speech are there in all?

2. Name all the parts of speech and define each of them.
3. What are words made up of?
4. What are sentences made up of?
5. What is Grammar?

CHAPTER 6: THE NUMBER

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 A countable noun can be one or more than one, i.e., two, three, or four etc. in
number. So, these nouns fall into two categories in terms of number:

1. Singular nouns
2. Plural nouns

A noun that denotes one person, place, or thing etc., is of singular number; as-

Bat, child, tooth, foot etc.

A noun that denotes more than one person, places, or things etc., is of plural
number; as- bats, children, teeth, feet etc.

Formation of Plurals

Plurals can be made in several ways:

(a) By adding s to the singular forms:

Singular Plural
Act Acts
Bag Bags
Book Books
Dog Dogs
Window Windows
Holiday Holidays
House Houses
(b) By adding es to the singular forms of the nouns ending in ch, s, sh, ss, x, z :

Singular Plural
Match Matches
Watch Watches
Bus Buses
Gas Gases
Bush Bushes
Wish wishes
Ass Asses
Glass Glasses
Box boxes
Tax Taxes
Quiz quizzes
(c) Nouns ending in y after a consonant from their plurals by dropping their y and adding
ies:

Singular Plural
Army Armies
Ally allies
Baby Babies
City Cities

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 Copy Copies
Family Families
Story Stories
(d) Nouns ending in y after a vowel from their plurals by adding s only:

Singular Plural
Bay Bays
Day Days
Ray Rays
Boy Boys
Key Keys
Play Plays
Tray Trays
(e) Nouns ending in f or fe change their f or fe into ves :

Singular Plural
Calf Claves
Elf Elves
Knife Knives
Leaf Leaves
Wife Wives
Life Lives
Self Selves
Exception to the above rule:

Singular Plural
Belief Beliefs
Chief Chiefs
Dwarf Dwarfs
Handkerchief Handkerchiefs
Relief Reliefs
Roof Roofs
Proof Proofs
Cliff Cliffs
(f) Nouns ending in o usually form their plurals by adding es to their singular forms:

Singular Plural
Buffalo Buffaloes
Hero Heroes
Mango Mangoes
Zero Zeroes
Potato Potatoes
Echo Echoes
Volcano Volcanoes
(g) Foreign or abbreviated nouns ending in o add s only:

Singular Plural

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 Bamboo Bamboos
Photo Photos
Radio Radios
Piano Pianos
Studio Studios
Rhino Rhinos
(h) Some nouns form their plurals by change of vowels or by adding n, en, ren:

Singular Plural
Child Children
Foot Feet
Man Men
Goose Geese
Woman Women
Tooth Teeth
Mouse Mice
(i) Plurals of pronouns:

Singular Plural
I We
You You
He They
Mine Ours
It They
Me Us
Him Them
This These
That Those
That Those
Myself Ourselves
Yourself Yourselves
Himself,
herself, itself Themselves
His, hers Theirs
(j) Compound nouns change their noun parts in plural:

Singular Plural
Brother-in-law Brothers-in-law
Daughter-in-law Daughters-in-law
Father-in-law Fathers-in-law
Mother-in-law Mothers-in-law
Footman Footmen
Horseman Horsemen

EXERCISES

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Exercise 1: Give the plurals of the following nouns:

(a) Tree, box, key, lady, knife, child, ox

(b) Bench, eye, flower, monkey, baby, leaf, food,
(c) Church, latch, box, branch, brush
(d) Story, dairy, family
(e) I, he, she, you, it, this, that, him, mine, me

Exercise 2: Read the example and change each sentence into plural form:

Example: A cat is an animal

Cats are animals

1. A potato is a vegetable.
2. A wife is a lady.
3. A doctor can be a man or woman.
4. I fill my pen with ink.
5. A child was flying its kite.
6. No child is playing in the park.
7. The girl is playing with a doll.
8. The peacock is a very proud bird.

CHAPTER 7: THE GENDER

Gender is a grammatical feature that divides nouns into two or more classes in terms
of sex. Evidently the word gender refers to sex. There are two main sexes – male sex and
female sex.

A noun may belong to:

i. The male sex.

ii. The female sex.
iii. Either of the two sexes – common sex.
iv. Neither of the two sexes - neuter sex.

Accordingly, we have four genders in English language:

1. Masculine Gender. Nouns that denote males are of masculine gender as; man,
husband, boy, horse etc.
2. Feminine Gender. Nouns that denote females are of feminine gender as; woman,
wife, girl, mare etc.
3. Common Gender. Nouns the do not decide definite sex and so can be either of
the two sexes are of common gender as; baby, cousin, parent, friend, teacher etc.
4. Neuter Gender. Nouns naming lifeless things denote neither sex. Such nouns are
of neuter gender as; book, pen, knife, pencil, chair etc.
Material and abstract nouns are of neuter gender.

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Certain pronouns express natural contrasts in gender to refer to nouns in accordance with
the meaning of nouns:

He Him His Himself - Masculine

She Her Hers Herself - Feminine
Who Whom Whoever Whomever – Common
It Its Itself which - non-personal

SPEAKING

CLASSROOM COMMANDS

Lesson Story: Miss Ann is teaching basic classroom commands today.

Vocabulary Key/Phrases/ Sentences

Sit down Sit down
Stand up Stand up
Hands Clap your hands
Clap Turn around
Stamp
Feet
Up
Down
Write
Read

THIS & THAT

Lesson Story: Freddie is teaching his sister Lisa the names of school supply she will need. Lisa
is quite keen and, therefore asking many questions to know the names of these materials
she needs for school

Vocabulary: School Supplies Key/Phrases/ Sentences

Stationery What’s this?
Pencil It’s a book.
Pen What’s that?
Ruler It’s an eraser.
Eraser
Paper
Book

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 What’s your name?

Lesson Story: Freddie is asking questions to different characters in the course. They get to
tell us their names and spell it.

Vocabulary: Proper Nouns Key/Phrases/ Sentences

Name What’s your name?
Freddie My name is Bob.
Bob How do you spell your name?
Lisa It’s B.O.B
Sally

Nice to meet you!

Lesson Story: Freddie, Lisa, Bob and Sally are meeting each other for the first time and
introducing themselves.

Vocabulary Key/Phrases/ Sentences

Hello Hello, I’m Freddie.
Nice I’m Bob.
Meet Nice to meet you, Bob.
You Hello, I’m Lisa.
Too I’m sally.

Numbers

Lesson Story: Freddie is asking Lisa several questions which require a number of response.

Vocabulary Key/Phrases/ Sentences

Numbers What number is this?
One, two, three, four, five It’s the number one.
Six, seven, eight, nine, ten How many apples can you see/
Bananas, oranges, apples, dogs I can see one apple.
How many bananas are there?
There is ………. / There are ……….

How old are you?

Lesson Story: Freddie is having a birthday party at home, when a conversation about age
starts. We get to learn how old everyone is.

Vocabulary Key/Phrases/ Sentences

Numbers How old are you? Bob
One to one hundred I’m six years old.
Old, years Bob is six years old.

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 Actions

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa are having fun at the park when Lisa asks Freddie about a
number of physical abilities.

Vocabulary Key/Phrases/ Sentences

Can Can you run fast?
Run, jump, dance, fly, swim, walk, Can you swim?
run, clap, write, read, sing Yes, I can.
No, I can’t.

Toys

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa are in their room when Lisa starts asking about the
whereabouts of her toys. Freddie tells her teddy bear is on the bed and her robot is in the
box.

Vocabulary Key/Phrases/ Sentences

Toys, teddy bear, plane, car, robot, Where is my robot?
ball It’s in the box
In, under, on Where is my teddy bear?
Bed, box, chair It’s on the bed
Where is my toy car?
It’s under the chair

Transportation

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa have just been dropped off by dad, who drives a Toyota Supra,
they meet Bob, who is intrigued by the car and starts a conversation about means of
transportations.

Vocabulary Key/Phrases/ Sentences

Transportation – on foot, car, plane, Is that your father’s car?
bus, bicycle, taxi, truck, van, subway Yes, it is.
Do you always come to school by
car?
Yes, I do.
How do you come to school Bob?
I come to school on foot.

Jobs

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Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa are in Bob’s house where a photo of Bob’s family hangs on the
wall. The photo sparks a conversation on what occupations their parents are in.

Vocabulary Key/Phrases/ Sentences

Jobs – doctor, dentist, nurse, police, What does your father do?
officer, firefighter, teacher, farmer He is a dentist.
Verbs – do, does, take care, takes He takes care of our teeth.
care, look after, looks after My father is a doctor.
He looks after sick people.
My mother is a nurse.

Weather & Clothes

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa are getting ready to go out when they realize they are not
properly dressed for the weather. Mom and Dad recommend they make some changes
before going out.

Vocabulary Key/Phrases/ Sentences

Weather – cold, sunny, hot, rainy, How is the weather today?
windy It’s hot and sunny.
Clothes – sunglasses, umbrella Put on your sunglasses.
Phrasal verbs – put on, take off Take off your sweater.

Greetings

Lesson Story: Bob’s family just moved into Freddies Ville. The town where are characters
live. Freddie and Lisa go over to say hi to the new neighbors.

Vocabulary:

Name, nice, meet, you, your, my

Proper nouns: Freddie, Bob, Lisa,
Good Morning, How are you?, Fine,
Thanks

Key Sentences:

Good morning, Sally

Good morning, Lisa
How are you today?
I’m fine thanks.
Good morning, Bob.
Good morning, Freddie.
How are you today, Bob?

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 Expression with the same meaning:
My name is Lisa. I’m Lisa
My name is Freddie. / I’m Freddie

Contractions:
I’m Bob / I am Bob
I’m Freddie / I am Freddie

Question format
What is ……? What is your name?
What’s …….? What’s your name? (contracted form)

Adjective & Verbs in greetings:

Nice(adj.)
To meet(verb)

First day of school

Lesson story: It is Bob’s first day at school. He is lost in the corridor, trying to find his class.
Freddie shows up and offers help. In the end, Bob is introduced to the other classmates.

Vocabulary:

Classmate, looking, class,

morning, same, friend, today,
help, new

Key Sentences:

Good morning, Bob

How are you today?
I’m fine, thanks
Do you need my help?
I’m looking for class 3A
This is my friend, Bob
Bob is our new classmate.

Birthday

Lesson Story: It’s Freddie’s birthday, and he had invited his friends, Bob and Sally to his party.
Mom has made a beautiful cake with six candles on them. The kids put on their party hats
and sit around the table. A conversation about age begins.

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Vocabulary:

Numbers 1-10, old, almost, four,

six, you, she, years

Key Sentences:

Are you six years old Freddie?

Yes, I am.
How old are you Bob?
I’m almost six.
How old is Lisa?
She’s four.
You are four.

Colors

Lesson Story: Freddie, Lisa and friends are at the orchard where, they see fruits of various
colors. They begin a chat on the different colors of the fruits and their favorite colors. Lisa
learns that orange is not yellow and that orange is a color and fruit. Bob likes green, Lisa likes
purple and Sally’s favorite color is green.

Vocabulary:

Yellow, orange, red, green,

purple, pink, like, favorite, color,
apple, peach

Key Sentences/ Grammar

What color is this?

It is red.
What color is the apple?
It’s a red apple.
What color is the banana?
It’s a yellow banana.
This peach is pink.
What’s your favorite color?
I like green.
Sally likes Purple.
These oranges are not yellow. They are orange

Adjective(colors) Nouns(fruits)
A green(adj.) apple(noun)
Purple(adj.) Grapes(noun)
An orange(adj.) orange(noun)

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 A pink(adj.) peach(noun)

First person Singular

What color do you like?
I like purple

Third person Singular

What color does she like?
She likes purple
Sally likes purple

Farm Animals

Lesson story: Dad takes Freddie and Lisa to Uncle Joe’s farm for a visit. The children are
excited to talk about the animals on the farm. Lisa’s adventurous nature lets her get in
trouble with the geese.

Vocabulary:

Animals, donkey, horse,

chickens, sheep, goose, dog,
cow, cat, like, favorite

Key Sentences:

That’s not a horse

It’s a donkey
Do you have any sheep?
Yes, I do
I like horses
I don’t like these geese
I like cats and dogs

Close ended questions

Do you like geese?
Yes, I do
No, I don’t

Fruits

Lesson Story: Mom, Lisa and Freddie are at a fruit market. Freddie and Lisa prefer different
fruits. Mom buys the fruit that they like. Lisa ends up knocking an arrangement of fruits.

Vocabulary:

Apple, peach, orange,

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 watermelon, mango, banana,
lemon

Key Sentences/ Grammar

What fruit is this?

It’s an apple.
Do you like apples?
Yes, I do
No, I don’t
A lemon – an orange
A banana – an apple
A peach – an avocado

I want two apples

What fruits do you like?
I like oranges

Articles a/an
A peach, a watermelon
An orange, an apple

Body Parts

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa are looking at a book with the picture of a monkey. Freddie
asks Lisa if she can draw a monkey. Lisa draws a monkey and they start naming the parts of
the monkey’s body.

Vocabulary:

Eye, ear, mouth, nose, hand,

arm, leg, foot, knee, head, toe,
big, small, short, long
Key Sentences:

It has big eyes

It has two big ears
It has long arms
It has short legs
It has a small nose

Family Members

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa are visiting Bob when they notice Bob’s family photo hanging
on the wall. A conversation begins about his family.

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Vocabulary:

Father, mother, grandpa,

grandma, brother, sister,
teacher, doctor, dentist

Key sentences:

Is that your father?

This is my father
This is my mother
What does your father do?
My father is a dentist
My mother is a teacher
A dentist takes care of our teeth

This/ That & Stationery

Lesson Story: Mom has just purchased school supplies for Lisa who is about to start school.
Freddie is tasked with taking the materials to Lisa, who gets to ask and learn the names of
different stationery items.

Vocabulary:

This, that, these, those, pen,

pencil, crayons, backpack, ruler,
eraser, draw, notebook

Key Sentences:

What’s this?
It’s a pen
What’s that?
It’s an eraser
What are these?
They’re crayons
Are those crayons too?

Toys: Where is it?

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa are looking at their toy boxes when Lisa notices that she
cannot find her teddy bear. Freddie asks a couple or questions to help Lisa locate her missing
teddy bear.

Vocabulary:

21
 Teddy bear, robot, car, ball,
balloon, block, kite, drum,
bicycle, prepositions of place –
behind, next to

Key Sentences/ Grammar

Where is my teddy bear?

Is it under the TV?
Is it on the shelf?
It’s behind the TV
It’s not in my school bag

Preposition of place
In
Under
Next to
Behind
In front of
On

Contractions
Where’s ……?/ where is ……..?
What’s your ……..?/ What is your ……?
No it isn’t/ No it is not
I don’t like/ I do not like

Actions – Dolphin Show

Lesson Story: Freddie, Lisa and parents are watching a dolphin show. Lisa is so excited she
tries to feed the dolphins and a happy dolphin makes a big splash.

Vocabulary:

Action verbs – jump, swim,

write, read, stand, fly, can, can’t
cannot, walk

Key Sentences:

I can’t jump that high

They can swim and jump at the same time
Dolphins can do many things
Dolphins can’t fly
Can they read and write?

22
 Expressions with modal verbs ‘can’
Dolphins can swim
Dolphins can’t fly

Contractions
Dolphins can’t fly/ Dolphins cannot fly

Pronoun ‘they’ for 3rd person

They can’t fly

Shapes

Lesson Story: Lisa and Freddie are at home looking at a book about shapes. Lisa asks Freddie
to teach her the names of the shapes.

Vocabulary:

Square, rectangle, oval, triangle,

circle, big, small, colors

Key Sentences:

It’s a circle. A circle is round

It’s an oval
A square has four equal sides
We draw things with shapes

Adverbs of sequence
Though not the main focus for low levels, this lesson also
introduces adverb of sequence which is useful for describing
a process

First, draw a circle

Next, draw an oval for his mouth
Finally, draw a big rectangle

Basic adjectives
A big red circle
A small black circle

Art Class

Lesson Story: Freddie, Sally and Bob are in an art lesson with Miss Sue. Freddie forgot his
pencil box and needs to borrow these materials to draw, color and stick his shark on the
board. He makes some polite requests in the process.

23
Vocabulary:

Eraser, glue, crayons, pencil,

pen, pencil box, scissors, pass,
give, cut, draw, book, paper etc.

Key Sentences:

What picture are we going to draw?

We are going to draw a big shark
I forgot my pencil box
I have an extra pencil
Pass me the crayons, please
Cut out your sharks and stick them on the board please?
Draw your shark’s head again, Bob

Modal verbs for polite questions

Can I use your crayons, please?

May I borrow your scissors?

Imperatives for giving commands and making requests

Pass me the pencil

Give me the eraser
Draw a shark
Cut out your shark

Actions verbs & school supplies noun association

We draw with a pencil

We color with crayons
Clothes & Weather

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa are about to head out to the park when mom notices they are
not wearing the right clothes for the weather. She asks them to change their clothes and
dress up appropriately for the weather.

Vocabulary:

Clothes, T-shirt, shorts, sweater,

pants, skirt, hat, shoes, put on,
take off, hot, sunny, sunglasses

Key sentences:

It’s hot and sunny outside

24
 Put on your T-shirt
Take off your sweater
I’m wearing my yellow T-shirt
You should put on your sunglasses

Present progressive and contracted forms

I am wearing a pair of sunglasses/ I’m wearing a pair of
sunglasses
She is wearing a pair of sunglasses/ She’s wearing a pair of
sunglasses

Other contractions
It is hot/ It’s hot
You are right/ You’re right

Food and Drinks

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa are out playing at the park. Lisa feels hungry and they decide
to get some food. A conversation about food begins at a fast food restaurant.

Vocabulary:

Food and drink – sandwich, cake, pizza, ice-cream,

hamburger, bread, egg, hot, dog, coke, lemonade, orange
juice, bowl, bar, slice, piece

Key sentences:

I’m starving
Let’s get something to eat
What would you like to eat?
I’d like an ice-cream and a burger
I’d like a glass of coke, please

Modal verbs ‘would’ for polite requests

What would you like to eat?

I would like a burger
I’d like a burger

Verb ‘to want’ when ordering food

I want a burger
He wants a burger

Food partitives for quantities

25
 A glass of orange juice
A piece of cheese
A bottle of coke
A carton of orange juice
A cup of coffee
A slice of orange
A bowl of noodles
A bar of chocolate

Jobs

Lesson story: Freddie, Sally and Bob express their future job intentions

Vocabulary:

Jobs vocabulary, firefighter, police officer, postal worker,

doctor, nurse, taxi driver, zookeeper, pilot, dentist, lawyer

Key sentences:

When I grow up, I want to be a firefighter

I want to be a doctor like your dad
I want to be a nurse

Want to be

What do your want to be?

I want to be a doctor

Job description verbs

What does a firefighter do?

A firefighter puts out fires
A doctor takes care of sick people

The verb ‘to want’ in 1st and 3rd person singular

I want to be a doctor
Sally wants to be a nurse
She wants to be a nurse

Transportation

Lesson Story: Dad is about to leave for the city. The children want to come. They are going to
the airport to pick up Freddie’s aunt, Mona. On the way, they choose different means of
transportation and talk about it.

26
Vocabulary:

Walk, car, taxi, bus, subway, train, van, bike, plane, truck,
airport, car park

Key sentences:

Are you going by car?

How do we get to the subway?
Where does this train go, Dad?
When does aunt Mona arrive?
She arrives in five minutes
How is she going to arrive?
By plane

‘How’ questions

How do you come to school? (if you want to know the means)
How long does it take? (if you want to know the length)
How old are you? (if you want to know the age)
How are you? (to ask about someone’s well-being)

‘When’ questions

When is your birthday? (time of the year question)

It’s on May 10th
When does the plane arrive? (general time questions)
It arrives in five minutes.
When do we get home? (time question)
At three o’clock
How long does it take to get to the car park?
Vegetables

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa are accompanying Mom to a fruit and vegetable market. They
ask for prices and buy different vegetables to take home.

Vocabulary:

Tomatoes, carrot, broccoli, lettuce, potato, mushroom,

tomato, cabbage, cucumber, onion, chili pepper, garlic,
eggplant, kilogram, dollar

Key Sentences:

How much are the carrots?

They are 2000 kyats a kilo
How much are the tomatoes?

27
 How much – with uncountable nouns
How much water?
How much milk?
How much bread?

How many – with countable nouns

How many tomatoes?
How many onions?

Weather

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa are about to set out for school. It is raining heavily outside.
Dad offers to drive the kids today because of the heavy rain.

Vocabulary:

Rain, cloud, sun, hot, snow, wind, cold, wet, rainy, sunny,
cloudy, snowy, windy

Key Sentences:

What’s the weather like?

It’s rainy and wet
It’s raining heavily outside

Noun to adjectives – wind – windy, cloud – cloudy, sun – sunny

Home/ Actions

Lesson Story: Bob comes to visit Freddie, who is watching TV at home. Mom orders Freddie
and Bob to watch TV in the room because Dad is reading. When they get to the room, they
find Lisa sleeping on her painting.

Vocabulary:

Reading, watching TV, painting, cooking, writing, sleeping,

drinking, eating, walking, running, dancing, singing, bedroom,
living room, bathroom, kitchen, dining room.

Key Sentences:

What are you doing?

I am watching TV

28
 She’s painting a picture
Your father is reading

Present simple versus Present progressive

I paint every day/ I am painting now

She cooks every day/ She is cooking now
We watch TV every day/ We are watching TV now

Verb & Noun Collocations

Watch – TV
Listen – to music
Do – homework
Paint – a picture
Cook – lunch or dinner
Read – a newspaper

Pets

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa are at a pet shop. They are trying to decide which pets they
might get. A conversation about preferences begins. Fredde likes dogs and Lisa likes cats.
Freddie is not a fan of cats because he thinks they are lazy and boring. They both give
reasons for their preferences.

Vocabulary:

Turtle, iguana, cat, dog, parrot, goldfish, hamster, snake, frog,

rabbit,
Personality adjectives – cute, friendly, lazy, quiet

Key Sentences:

What pets do you like?

I like dogs
Why do you like dogs?
I like dogs because they are friendly and cute
I don’t like cats because they are lazy

Subordinating conjunction ‘because’

I like dogs because they are friendly
I don’t like cats because they are lazy

Adjectives
A lazy cat
A friendly dog

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 A cute dog
A quiet rabbit

Sports

It’s a sports and P.E day at school. Freddie and Lisa and the others are on the playground. A
conversation begins about their sports preferences and an expression of their abilities.

Vocabulary:

Basketball, volleyball, soccer, table tennis, badminton, tennis,

running

Key Sentences:

Sentence structures:
I like playing football
Sally is good at playing football
The short boy is good at playing basketball
He is better than the tall boys
I can run faster

Grammar: Adjectives followed by prepositions (good at, bad at)

comparatives (better than, faster)

Compound words/nouns(words formed by combining two words)

Basket + ball = basketball
Volley + ball = volleyball
Table + tennis = tennis

Verb ‘to like’ – present simple

The verb ‘to like’ is a stative verb that describes a state, situation, or
condition. The focus will be on how the verb only changes in the 3rd
person singular.

I like volleyball (1st person singular)

You like volleyball (2nd person singular)
She likes volleyball (3rd person singular)
Sally likes volleyball (3rd person singular)
We like volleyball (1st person plural)
You(many) like volleyball (2nd person plural)
They like volleyball (3rd person plural)

Adjectives followed by prepositions

Some adjectives are often followed by a preposition in particular
circumstances. When talking about things we can do very well or very
30
 badly, we often use the adjective ‘good’ or ‘bad’ followed by the
preposition ‘at’.

I am good at volleyball
I am good at math
He is good at playing basketball
I’m bad at soccer
Are you good at playing soccer?
What sports are you good at?

Zoo visit

Lesson Story: Dad is taking Lisa and Freddie on a trip to the zoo. A zookeeper guides them
through the zoo in a trolley. Freddie and Lisa have a lot of questions about the animals,
which Dad and the zookeeper takes turns answering.

Vocabulary:

Panda, bamboo, giraffe, ostrich, zebra, lion, tiger, meat, fruit, meat, leaves,
zookeeper, heavy, large, long, trunk, zoo, trolley, monkey, camel, elephant,
rhino, hippo

Key sentences:

A panda is black and white

Pandas eat bamboo leaves
A giraffe is tall
An elephant’s nose is called a trunk
Elephants eat fruit and leaves
Lions and tigers eat meat
Zebras look like black and white horses
Zebras have beautiful stripes
An ostrich can’t fly

Like - for questions about description

What does a panda look like?

It’s black and white
What does a giraffe look like?
It’s tall
What’s the weather like”
It’s hot and sunny
What’s your mother like?
My mother is kind
What does a zebra look like?
It looks like a black and white horse.

31
 We can also describe things by the actions they perform

What does a panda eat?

A panda eats bamboo

Action verbs and the 3rd person singular

A Lion eats meat
Lions and tigers eat meat
They eat meat

Places around

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa are out in the city all by themselves. They go from one place
to another. Lisa asks about different locations in the city.

Vocabulary:

Places in the city – bank, post office, stadium, restaurant,

shopping mall, bookstore, park, airport, hospital, police
station

Key sentences:

A doctor works in a hospital

A shop assistant works in a mall
A pilot works at the airport
We send letters at the post office
We buy books from the bookstore

Verb ‘to work’ simple present

I work in a hospital (1st person singular)

A doctor works in a hospital (3rd person singular)
My dad works in a hospital (3rd person singular)
Doctors and nurses work in a hospital (3rd person plural)
They work in a hospital (3rd person plural)

Months & Dates

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa and friends are coming home from school. Lisa, who is not so
good at dates, invites Sally to her upcoming birthday party. A conversation on months of the
year reveals that Lisa only knows her birthday.

Vocabulary:

32
 Months of the year – January to December, Festivals –
Christmas, New-Year’s Day, birthday
Ordinal Numbers – first, second, third, fourth, fifth, twentieth,
twenty-first

Key Sentences:

My birthday is on May 2nd

We are in April
When is your birthday, Freddie?
My birthday is on August 31st
Christmas is on December 25th
Bob’s birthday is just before Christmas

*Capital letters for months of the year

Ordinal vs Cardinal Numbers

Halloween is on October 31st (ordinal number)
There are 31 days in October (cardinal number)

We add the suffix ‘-st, -nd, -rd, -th’ to cardinal numbers to

write ordinal numbers – example 1st , 2nd , 3rd , 4th . an ordinal
number is used to show position or rank in a sequential order.
When talking about dates, we often use ordinal numbers to
indicate the position of a number relative to the others. For
example there are 31 days in December and Christmas is on
the 25th day of December.

Directions

Lesson Story: Freddie and Lisa leave for the city with the expressed purpose of watching a
game at the stadium. While in the city, they have difficulties finding the stadium. They stop
and ask two strangers for directions who help them find their way to the stadium.

Vocabulary:

Straight, left, right, intersection, street, turn, places around,

bank, park, restaurant, bus stop, opposite

Key Sentences:

Excuse me, where is the soccer stadium?

It’s on Maple Street
33
 How do we get to Maple Street?
Go straight and turn right at the intersection
It’s opposite the next bus stop

Preposition of place for directions

It’s opposite the bus stop

It’s next to the restaurant

Question word Questions for places and location

Where is the Stadium?

How do I get to the stadium?

Imperative sentences for giving instructions – the imperative

mood usually begins with the base form of the verb

Go right
Turn right
Walk down Maple Street

Sickness & Health

Lesson Story: Dad just left for work. After he leaves Freddie comes down to the living room
with a worried look on his face. It’s Lisa! She is not feeling well. Mom rushes back into the
room to find Lisa, lying in the bed with a high fever. Mom takes her temperature and tries a
natural method to bring down her temperature.

Vocabulary:

Headache, toothache, stomachache, fever, flu, cough, sore

throat

Key Sentences:

What’s the matter?

I feel hot, Mom
You have a fever
Let me take your temperature
You should stay in bed
You shouldn’t watch TV

Auxiliary verb ‘to have’

34
 I have a fever
She has a fever

Modal verb ‘should’ for giving advices

You should stay in bed

You shouldn’t watch TV

Telling time, O’clock

Lesson story: Dad is ready for work. He is surprised to find that the children are not ready for
school. Mom goes to check and to surprise, Freddie and Lisa are still sleeping way past
waking time. She urges them to hurry and leave for school. It is clear they are going to be
late for lessons.

Vocabulary:

Time, O’clock, half past, daily routines, get up, have breakfast,
go to school, brush your teeth, go to work

Key Sentences:

It’s 7:00 am. You are going to be late for school

What time do lessons usually begin?
It’s 8:00 O’clock already

Adverbs of frequency – usually

I usually have breakfast at 7:00 am

I usually get up at 6:00 o’clock
Telling time, quarter past

Lesson Story: This lesson continues from the previous one. In the last lesson on telling the
time, Freddie and Lisa get up late. In this lesson, they arrive late for school and get punished
by the school headmaster and end up coming home as a consequence.

Vocabulary:

Quarter past, quarter to, daily routines, get up, do homework,

have lunch, have dinner, watch TV, go to bed

Key Sentences:

It’s a quarter past 8, and you are late for lessons

What time do you usually go to bed?

35
 We usually go to bed at quarter to 11
It’s 3:30 pm and our lessons are over for today

Adverbs of frequency – usually

What time do you usually go to bed?
I usually go to bed at a quarter to eleven

Days of the week

Lesson Story: Freddie, Lisa, Bob and Sally are on their way home from school on a Friday.
They are looking forward to the weekend with no lessons. A conversation about weekly
activities begins.

Vocabulary:

Monday – Friday, today, tomorrow, usually, sometimes, never,

play volleyball, play soccer, have a picnic

Key Sentences:

Tomorrow is Friday
Tomorrow is Sunday
School is five days a week
What do you usually do on weekends, Sally?
I usually stay at home and watch TV
We sometimes play volleyball at the park
We never have picnics

Adverbs of frequency

We usually have picnics at the park

We sometimes play volleyball
We never have picnics

WRITING

Essay Writing

The word essay means an attempt. So an essay is an attempt at writing on a given

topic at full length in correct beautiful language.

Clear it is, then, that the learner has to do a two-fold job while writing an essay.
Firstly, she has to look for facts and ideas about the given topic and arrange them in proper

36
order. Secondly, he or she has to express them through appropriate words and correctly
well-knit beautiful sentences. An essay may have many paragraphs.

Every para must have a para theme. All thee sentences in it must point towards only
that theme. Irrelevant sentences should be discarded as such sentences would make a para
incoherent.

Essays are of four main types:

1. Descriptive Essays describe persons, things, places, animals, plants, minerals, or

machines and buildings etc.
2. Narrative Essays narrate some event or events as visits, matches, journeys, fights,
robberies, and some accidents etc. They also narrate stories or legends and
biographies of important persons. The difference between a descriptive essay
and narrative essay is in its presentation. In the former, the writer has the
privilege of highlighting certain occurrences and even omitting some, all
according to the preferences of the writer. Whereas in the latter type, the
description must cover all occurrences and events in the same sequences without
any additions.
3. Reflective Essays deal with abstract topics like habits, feelings, qualities, social
topics etc.
4. Imaginative Essays attempt topics of which the writer has no experience at all.
Only imagination can help him or her in writing such an essay. For example: If I
were a King, The Story of a Shirt and the Adventures of a Bunny – are imaginative
essays.

Story Writing
Story telling is as old as mankind itself. Even the early cave-dwellers must
have told stories to their children and wives to while away spare time.
With the development of scripts, stories came to be written. But old stories
aimed mostly at morals. They used to be based on fundamental experiences of
life involving wisdom and tact.
Children are fond of stories. So, writing a story is a good exercise in
composition for a student. Stories are written in two different ways:
1. Reproducing a story read in some book or heard from someone.
2. Writing a readable story from a given outline.

Anyhow the following points must be carefully observed while writing a story:

1. The writer must have a clear-cut idea of the entire plot of the story.
2. The start of the story must be straight-forward. No introduction is required at
all.
3. The story must be evenly developed. Its parts must be proportionate.
4. A small dialogue introduced in the story gives it beauty and naturalness.

37
 5. The heading of the story must be carefully chosen. It should be attractive and
impressive.
6. The story must be written in the past tense. The language must be simple but
correct.
7. Outlines are generally given in the present tense. The story is always in the
past tense. But it should be written to sticking to the outline faithfully. Only
missing links should be supplied.

Letter Writing

A letter is a written message. It is just a talk through pen, paper which is conveyed
through the postal system.

Briefly speaking, there are two types of letters:

i. Informal letters
ii. Formal letters
(a) Beginning
It includes the writer’s address and the date of writing the letter as:
A/62 Model Town,
Yangon,
April 2, 2025
(b) Salutation
It includes the formal words used to address the person to whom the letter is
being written. It varies with the degree of intimacy of the writer with the
person written to as:
1. To relatives:
My Dear Father, Dear Father etc.
2. To friends:
My Dear Shelly, Dear Shelly
3. To Acquaintances:
My Dear Gupta, Dear Mr. Gupta
4. To Strangers:
i. Sir, Dear Sir
ii. Madam, Dear Madam
(c) Body or Massage
It contains whatever the writer wishes to say. It begins from the last word of
the salutation as:
My Dear Uncle,
Your letter came to hand on _________
(d) Ending
It includes the courteous leave-taking words and the writer’s name. it is
written on the extreme left below the body of the letter as:

38
 i. To relatives
Your affectionate Son, Your loving Sister, Yours affectionately, Yours
lovingly
ii. To Friends and Acquaintances
Yours Truly, Yours Sincerely
iii. To Superiors
Yours obediently, Your obedient _______
Yours faithfully, Sincerely yours,
Specimen form of a letter
56, railway Colony,
Ambala City,

Dear Uncle,
I received your letter ______________________
_______________________________________

Affectionately yours, 5th August, 2024

Jess

Notice-Writing

One important aspect of communication is business communication also known as

formal communication. Formal letters, memos, circulars etc. are all forms of business
communication. Another important tool of the same is a notice. Let us learn the meaning of
notices and details of notice-writing.

Notices are a means of formal communication targeted at a particular person or a

group of persons. It is like a news item informing such person or persons of some important
event. This can be an invitation to a meeting, an announcement of any event, to issue
certain instructions, make appeals etc.

It is generally written and then displayed at a public place, where it is accessible to

all. They can be pasted on notice boards. If it is meant for a wider audience, it can even be
published in a newspaper. The government when it issues notices must publish it in national
and local papers.

(a) Format
Since notices are a formal document, it should follow a structure or a format.
Keep in mind there is no one correct rigid format. Different formats used by
different people/ organizations can show some variations. But it is ideal to follow
a somewhat similar format for ease of understanding and uniformity. Let us look
at the most used format of notices.

39
 1. Name of issuing Organization/ Authority: Right at the very top, you print the
name of the person or company that is issuing the said notices. This will help
the reader identify the notices as important or unimportant to him.
2. Title: When writing notices we mention a title “NOTICE” at the top. This helps
draw attention to the document. Notices are generally posted at a public
place or published in newspapers. It is important that they do not get lost in a
sea of information. So a bold title clearly mentioned helps draw attention.
3. Date: After the tile to the left-hand side we print the date on which the
notices have been published. Since this is a formal document date is an
important aspect of it since these documents stay on record.
4. Heading: Then we move on to an appropriate heading to the notices. The
heading should make abundantly clear the purpose of the notices.
5. Body: After the heading, we write the brief and to the point body of the
notice. The main content of the notice features in the body.
6. Writer’s Name: At the end of the notices, we write the name and designation
of the notice-writer. The notices have to also be signed by the same person to
lend it authority and validity.
(b) Content
Notices should cover some important points that are to be communicated to
the readers. Let us summarize the five points that the content of the notice
will cover, the five W’s
1. What: What is the notice about? The notice should be clear about what is
going to happen(event), or what has already happened(occasions). This is
the crux of the message and should be written clearly. There should not be
any ambiguity.
2. Where: If the notice is about an event, then the location of such an event
must be written clearly. The venue or the location are important details, so
make sure to include this in the notice.
3. When: This is the time and the date of the event of the meeting. If possible
the duration of the event should also be mentioned so that people can
schedule their time accordingly.
4. Who: This will be who the notice is addressed to. Who all are supposed to
adhere to the notice should be clearly mentioned to avoid confusion.
5. Whom: And the final detail should be whom to contact or get in touch with.
This mentions who the appropriate authority is to contact.

40
 Reading & Comprehension

The Goose that laid golden eggs

A man and his wife had a good fortune to possess a goose that laid golden eggs every day.
They thought they were not getting rich fast enough and, imagining the bird must be made
of gold inside, they decided to kill it to get all the precious metal at once. But when they cut
it open, they found it was just like any other goose. Thus, they neither got rich all at once as
they hoped, nor enjoyed the daily addition to their wealth.

Nana The Cow

Nana the cow lives with her friends in a big barn. She likes to visit new places. She like
flowers so much. One day, Nana walked away from the farm. She found a field with lots of
pretty flowers. She decided to spend the day there. She smelt the flowers, listened to the
birds singing and ate some grass. She felt drowsy, so she decided to take a short nap. When
Nana woke up, it was dark. She was worried about how to find her way to the farm. She
walked and walked in the darkness to find her friends. She began to cry. Then she heard a

41
bark. It was Dobby the dog from her farm. He said, “we missed you. Follow me back to the
farm.” Nana was so happy.

Dog and The Bone

There was a dog that was very hungry. He went to search for food and found a piece of
bone. He thought that he would go back to his place and enjoy it. So, he left for his place. He
had to cross the bridge a bridge over the river while going back to his home. The dog saw his
own reflection in the river as he crossed the bridge and he thought it was another dog with a
piece of bone in his mouth. The dog was so greedy that he also wanted to have that piece of
bone, so he opened his mouth, barking at his own reflection to snatch that piece. As soon as
he opened his mouth to bark, a piece of bone dropped into the river. The dog lost his bone
to the river and had to return home hungry.

My Family

Peter is ten years old and lives with his family in a small house near the beach. There are five
people in Peter’s family. His mum’s name is Pam. She is tall with long blonde hair and big

42
green eyes. His dad’s name is Chris. He is also tall with short brown hair and small blue eyes.
Both of Peter’s parents are kind and helpful. Peter has one brother Tom, Tom is older than
Peter, he is twelve years old. Tom has short, curly hair and small brown eyes. Tom is kind to
Peter. He shows him how to ride a bicycle and also helps him with his homework. Peter’s
sister is only a baby. Her name is Tammy, Peter loves his sister. After school, Peter likes to
read stories to Tammy. Tammy likes animal stories because Peter makes funny voices and
faces for each animal.

43
DAILY USE ENGLISH Let’s play hide and seek The cow gives us milk

I like to play outside Be careful, it’s hot A rabbit eats carrots

My favorite color is red May I have a hug? I play with my friends

Let’s go to the playground I made this for you The cat is on the mat

Can I have a cookie? Look at the stars! Ducks swim in the pond

Good morning, Daddy! Teach me to ride a bike The lion is the king of the
jungle
Time to brush teeth Put on your jacket
The sun is hot
Read me a story I like bananas
I love my mom
It’s bedtime now Happy to see you
My dad is strong
I’m hungry, please! Let’s build a sandcastle
I hug my parents
Look at the butterflies Can I have some water?
We go to the park
Me pet is fluffy Feeling better now
The grass is green
I can tie my shoes I love to sing
I have a little sister
Thank you for helping Dinosaurs are cool
My brother is funny
I’m sorry for spilling I watch TV
The river flows fast
Walk with me? I go to bed
I live with my family
My birthday is soon I drink milk
Trees gives us shade
I miss my friend Birds can fly
Flowers are beautiful
Wash hands before I read a book
eating Rain falls from the sky
I go to school
Feeling sleepy now Snow is white and cold
I wake up early
I draw with crayons The wind blows gently
I eat breakfast
Pizza for dinner? We eat dinner together
I brush my teeth
Can I have the blue one? The moon shines at night
A horse runs fast
Dogs are cute Stars twinkle in the sky
The elephant is big
Teach me something new My grandpa plays with
I do my homework
me
The sun is so bright
A dog barks loudly
My grandma tells me
My tooth is wiggly
A fish swims in water stories

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I like apples The sun is yellow I feel sad sometimes

I color pictures The apple is red I am brave in school

I read my books The box is square I was scared of the dark

Fruits are healthy The ball is orange I feel proud of my work

I go to school daily My pencil is purple The clock shows the time

My teacher is kind My table is square My friends make me

laugh
Bananas are yellow The clock is a circle
I draw pictures with
I eat rice and curry A star has five points
crayons
I sit in my classroom The clouds are white
I get excited on my
Milk is good for health A pizza slice is triangle birthday

I drink water everyday Rainbows have many I am angry when I lose

colors my toy
I eat an egg for breakfast
The door is rectangle- Come in
We sing songs in school
shaped
Have a guess
My friends play with me
The kite is a diamond
Did you get it?
Ice cream is cold and shape
sweet Are you ready?
A moon looks like a
Bread and butter taste crescent Have another try
good
I like to smile Close your books
We write in our
I can jump high Good morning, Sir
notebooks
My name is Sam Have you been ill?
The bell rings at
lunchtime I love my family What did you say?

I learn new things in I play with a ball You did a great job
school
My toy car is red You’ve almost got it
My bag is pink
I am happy today Say it again, please
A ball is round
I have two hands Thanks for your help
The sky is blue
My shoes are new Who is absent today?
The car is black
I like to sing songs Good morning class
Coins are round
I feel sleepy at night You’ve improved a lot
The grass is green

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We have plenty of time Get in line Sir, may I answer

Put the books in your bag It’s your turn Count up to 100

Let’s begin today’s lesson Wait your turn Listen and repeat

Pay attention everybody It’s a little messy Draw a straight line

Stand up Speak one at a time Make its point sharpen

Sit down Try writing neatly Are there any questions?

Take your seats Read attentively Write on every other line

Make a sentence Come one by one Sir, I didn’t understand

that
Look at the board Revise this chapter
Could you please repeat
Put your hands up Sir I have one question
that
See you tomorrow Sharpen your pencil
Zaw Zaw, answer the
That’s all for today Take out your English question
book
Right on the board Did you understand what
What have you written I said?
Pack up your books
here?
The tip of the pencil has
Put your hands down
Mg Mg, bring your broken
What was the matter? notebook
Memorize these
Yes sir, we have done Don’t put the bag at the question-answers
front
Hand in your homework Could you please explain
Rather, put the bag at the the last point
Who wants to take roll
side
today? Have patience
Raise your hand, don’t
Let me check the Hold it
call out
homework
Hold my hand
Only come forward if I
I am going to take
call your name Hurry up
attendance
Don’t throw the pencil Keep quiet
Have you all done your
shavings on the ground
homework Listen to me
Copy it down
Write it down Look here
Stop scribbling
Please say present, when I know
I call your name Read out loudly
I don’t know
Stay seated Recite the poem

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I forget Take a sip I am angry with you

Why are you silent? Take bath Don’t eat ice cream

What is this? Take it Put them correctly

What happened? Taste it Don’t drink cold water

What did you eat? That one Eat it

How did you get hurt? Then we will play Don’t fight

I’m hungry My hands are dirty Don’t jump

I’m thirsty This one Don’t lie

Let’s play a game Tell me Don’t move

Move a bit Try again Don’t shout

Move aside Wake up Don’t be shy

Never give up Sit down Get ready

Never mind Walk slowly Get up

Never Believe me Give me

No problem Show me Go and play

Nothing else Speak loudly Go and study

Right now This is easy Go back

Say goodbye Now you try Go to bed

Set the table Don’t disturb me Go upstairs

Shut up You are very bad Repeat it

Stand still You are very good Stand still

Take a bite Please understand

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