PRIME'S SUPPLEMENTARY ENHANCERS | POWER CYCLES / ICE )

POWER CYCLES / ICE Solving for V

,{v \n
1. Camot cycle A, B and C are connected in series so that the heat rejected
from A will be the heat added 1o B and heat rejected from B will be added
1o C. Each cycle operates between 30°C and 400°C, If heat added 10 A ll—l
wn.un'n
is 1000 k. then what is the work output of C?
0+ 460 °R |
A 1HHLSK C 145k
B. 9126k D.2054K) Vg u,nun’
Solikion Thas,
T, Av=12066 - 0720
0% = 12300°
Nug-ztnl._k

e
We=e(Q (Qpg) - ™ here: g
Q, =_l.
4. What is the pressure ratio in an ideal dual combustion cycle if the
pressurcs at the beginning and end of the constant volume portion of
..,.,SMJL combustion are 2500 kPa and 4000 kPa respectively.
Qi T C 16
D. 17

Al
Y

Ta)
w¢=|owu(|- 304273 ; ( mem) 2 §:A gas at | atmosphere pressure originally occupies a volume of 20 fi® .
400
+ 273 )\ 400+ 273 The gas is polytropically compressed with n = 1.15 until the pressure is
W= 114K 48 51 psia. What work is required for this compression”?
A 45ft-b C.300 ft-1b
B HSh-1b D. 48,000ft - Ib

2. What is the efficiency of an Otto cycle with a compression ratio of 6:17

Loih ko,
ERN
The gas used is air.
A. 0617 C. 0488
B.0.191 D.0512
ot By
e=1- -I_T =0.51164
= 51.164% (147 ,—)(zu a’)mmun psia)(Vy )“’
vy=10020°
Thus,
B v, P Vv
3. A Camot power cycle employing 1 b of air as & working substanceis
presumed (o operate between temperature limits of 600°F and 70°F. The -(m.d.)(mu’)»(u Stpsia)(7.0820°)
pressure at the beginning and end of the isothermal expansion process are
510 psia and 170 psia, respectively. Determine the change of volume (1) 1sj(uzllu in?)
between the end of isentropic expansion and the end of isentropic
compression W=-47560.13 b
A 11340V C. 123/ [ans.D)
B. 1045 t/1b D. 145 fb
Soltose 6. The compression ratio and the cut off ratio of an ideal Diesel cycle are 13
and 3 respectively. What is the cycle efficiency for a cold wr standard
AV= V V value
of k?
A 532% C.5521%
Solving for v, B.4320% D.45.21%
P,V,= mRT, Soltnnn

(510 pria) (¥, ) 144in2/6%)=1 my(sa.uz%](m +460°R) Moy

aflm =053202532%
V=070 63 “'[i(e N
Solving for Vs (A A)
L A 7. What is the clearance of an ideal Otto engine if the efficiency is 46.4 %
andk=13
(170 psia)(V3)= (s10 pu)(om n3)' C.10.26 %
D.18.45%
v=2310%
 & INDUSTRIAL
PLANT ENGINEERING
PRIME'S SUPPLEMENTARY POWER CYCLES / |
8. A steam wrbine receives 1600 kg of steam per hour af 35 nv's velocity
and 3,550 ki/kg. The steam leaves at 250 mvs and 3,020 ki/kg. Whichof e=lgr
'{-I
the following mast nearly equals the power output?
A 198 kW C.223kW
B.210kW D 247kW

Soletor
By energy halance:
l-u,un-un
Hy+ KE;+ Q=H,+ KE,+ W

[mh (o).o 3600+/br| ] o,

T000W/W 12 A centain mass of gas having an initial pressure of 17,237 kPa and an
initial volume of 0.057 m’ is expanded isothermally 1o volume of 0.113
1600kg/he ) W), 1f1600ke
/e (250m)s)* . m’. What is the work done by the gas in 1J?
=\ S6005/hr ,‘(mu] 3\ 6005/0r Jnmwnw ;.4 A 500 C. 672
B. 564 D. 600
Thus,
Selution

-
W= 22004 kW
[Asd
9. A Camot power cycle employing 1 Tb of air as a working substance is
presumed 1o operate between temperature limits of 600°F and 70°F. The
jpressure at the begmning and end of the isothermal expansion process are W= (17237 k) (0057 _;)h(n_m]
510 psia and 170 psia, respectively. Determine the the heat supplied 10 007
the cycle. W=6n3k
(=1
A 255Buib C. 80.4 Br/h
B. 798 Buw/ib D. 723 Bu/lb

Sdotion 13. Air expanded adiabatically from an initial absolute pressure of 31026
kPa 10 a final absolute pressure of 1705 psi. If the initial temperatureof
Q=RTyIn | 2 the air is 600 R, calculate its final temperature.
3 A 455R C. 2526R
-t B, 2526K D, AandB
53342 ——
——bm-"R (600 + 460°R (’fl et
& ‘m Pyl e VT
Q= 79.84 Buu/Ibm

_;l‘z_ '(!msfllovm
1,|.)\l|‘5‘l
10. A Camot power cycle employing 1 Ib of air as & working substanceis
presumed 1o operate between temperature limits of 600°F and 70°F. The
S00R 31026%Pa
pressure at the beginning and end of the isothermal expansion process are Ty=45467°R
=252 26K
510 psia and 170 psia, respectively, Determine the beat rejected by the
cycle.
A 399 Bub C.21.4 B
B. 234 Buib D. 12.4 B/ 14 Tn an ideal Ono cycle the pressure at the beginning of the compression
processis 15 psia. the temperature is 70° F and the volume is 13.08 fr’.
Sulation Y e The maximum temperature of the cycle is 2804* F, and the heat supplied

s v|
is 372 Btu. Using constant specific heat, calculate the temperature at the
beginning
of the combustion.
Py A 1076°R C. 1089°R
B. 1167°R D. 1234°R
phwce 85 57 M43 0% § Semmneeend4
P, Solunom
Qg =RT/ln -1} Solving for the mass:
i ['3 T PV =nRT

ou-(sx,uz )(m m-n)h("o] 'nll::b)

A
(05 pwin) 1308 810402/ )= -(53.34: }(n.m;
Q= 9280t m=1h
Salving
for T,
11. What is the clearance of an ideal Ono engine if the efficiency is 46.4 %
andk=13 Qp=mcs (1)
A 1429% C.10.26% M Bu= (1 n)(u m——-— (mc 1)
B.15.64% D. 1845 %
Ty= 628.6°F + 460= muufl
Soletion
 PRIME lmm “m 51#3!!&1@3!
MECHANICAL TPOWER CYCLES / 1E )
15. In an ideal Otto cycle, the temperature at the end of the heat addition 19. In an ideal Otto cycle the pressurc at the beginning of the
process is 2600°F. and the temperature at the end of the expansion process is 15 psia. the temperature is 70° F and the volume is 13.08 fr’.
process is 8§3°F. What is the compression ratio? The maximum temperature of the cycle is 2804° F, and the heat supplied
A 657 C.945 is 372 Bu. Using constant specific heat, calculate the network of the
D. 845 cycle, B,
A. 123Bu C. 191 Bu
B. 102 Bw D. 205 B

Selitom

Woer™ Qa- Qg
=mCy (T3 Ty )-mCy (1)
Referto 0,14 form= 1 b 3ndT, = 1089°R
and abo 0o, 18 for T, = 1588 S4°R
16. In an ideal Ono cycle the pressure at the beginning of the compression where,
process is 15 psia, the temperature is 70° F and the volume is 13.08 fi’. TlITDQMIS”R
The maximum temperature of the cycle is 2804° F, and the heat supplied
is 372 Bru. Using constant specific heat, calculate the compression ratio.
Ty= 2804+ 460 = 3264°R
A 605 C.405 Subs. values
B. 705 D 305
=(1 n(o mi“(xm- 1089)°R
Solition L V)
B
-1 Ib(fl.l‘llfi)(lill_“ . R-530°R)
Refer 10 no. 14 for TZ'
'z= 1088 56°R = 190.91 Bu

So.T,=T, k-1
27
@ LA
141 20. In an ideal Onto cycle the pressure at the beginning of the compression
1088.56 (70 + 460)
1, )
process is 15 psia, the temperature is 70° F and the volume is 1308 ft’.
&%= 605 The maximum temperature of the cycle is 2804° F, and the heat supplied
=4 is 372 Bu. Using constant specific heat, calculaie the the thermal
efficiency
of the cycle.
A 4T% C.234%
17. A Camot power cycle employing 1 Tb of air as a working substance is B. 513% D.434%
presumed 10 operate between temperature limits of 600°F and 70°F. The
pressure at the beginning and cnd of the isothermal expansion process are Selotom
510 psia and 170 psia, respectively. Determine the network of the cycle.
A. 399 Bu/lb C.57.6 Bud
B. 327 Bu/lb D. 134 Bw/h ."-?lj Refer 10 00,16 for 1,

SoluTon: q605
Woer=Qx-O e= n—G‘E‘c 04133~ 51.33%
Refer 1o nos: 9 and 10,
Q4 =798 Bu/b
Q=399 Bu/b
ZI.MHN#WW with & pressure
ratio of 10 and the energy
w“.‘ru.ns:nofi;— input in the high temperature heat exchanger is 300 kW. Calculate
the air
flow rate for a temperature limits of 30°C and 1200°C.
A 025 kghs C. 041 kg/s
B.034 ke/s D. 051 kgl
18 In an ideal Ono cycle the pressure at the beginning of the compression
SoluFmn
process is 15 psia, the temperature is 70° F and the volume is 13.08 fi’.
The maximum temperature of the cycle is 2804° F, and the heat supplied
is 372 Buu. Using constant specific heat, calculate the temperature at the Salving
for Ty,
end of the expansion
A. 15%9°R
process, “R;
C. 1450°R
T,=3042732 303K
B. 1345°R D. 1235°R
T=Tym Y& =(303)(10) 14-1
1.4
T,= 585K
Seliton:
So. Q= mCp(Ty - T, )
b | Ty= 12004 2732 WTIK
Y 300
kW = ({1 00k /kg-k)(1473
- S85 K)
Iflfilhnl‘fil‘zl 1089 ‘R m=0338kg/s
MU0 Ty
1089°R 70 + 460°R
T = ISSKSER
 PRIME'S SUPPLEMENTARY ENHANCERS | POWER CYCLES / ICE )
22 Diesel cycle has a peak pressure of 745 psia. The conditions at the 26 A diesel engine takes in air at 105 kPa and 26°C subjected
w0 a
beginning of the compression arc 15 psia and S30° R. Heat added 1o the ratio of 19. What is the operating clearance in percent?
cycle is found to be 392 Bru/lb. Assuming constant specific heat find the A 556% C. 456 %
compression ratio. B. 666 D. 7.56%
A 17wl Cldwl Seluiom
B. I5w01 D. 12wl

19-1
€=0.05556 = 5.56%

P=pet
27. A Diesel cycle has a peak pressure of 745 psia. The conditions at the
748= 15(r, )IA beginaing of the compression are 15 psia and $30° R. Heat added 1o the
cycle is found to be 392 Bru/lb. Assuming constant specific heat find the
4= 163217 thermal efficiency, %,
A=) A 58% Ca%
{ B 4% D.54%
23, Air at 3000K and 200 kpa is beated at constant pressure to 6000K.
Determine the change of internal encrgy. Seliom.
A.245.58 Ki/kg C.225.58 KIAg
B.235.58 Kikg D.215.58 Kikg fimnnw_-w.‘lwmh/‘

Nw2
Solotion.
2501
au nc,n-m(mu;?](wo-mx)
u K) = 2139 kijke o ™

24. A Diesel cycle has a peak pressure of 745 psia. The conditions at the
28 An ideal Joule cycle using sir operstes with a maximum pressure of 600
beginning of the compression are 15 psia and 530° R. Heat added 1o the ~ kPa abs and a maximum temperature of 725 C. At the beginning of the
cycle is found 10 be 392 Br/lb. Assuming constant specific heat find the
X compression process, the pressure is 102 kPa abs and the
net work, Buv/lh
A 124 Buw/ib C. 324 Bu/ib
is 20 C. Calculate
the beat supplicd
B. 244 Buib D. 324 Buab.
A SM3KAg C. 32445 /g
B 43556 kAkg D. 455.56 klkg
Selibon Sl
From no. 22, =163 1”
Solving for ‘l‘3 Salving
for T,
Q=uca(1;-1,) %{;‘L)? where T,= 20+ 273=293 K
392= (1)(0.24)(Ty-T,)

Ty= (s30R)(17) 1.4-1

= 16461 Vi
T,=48 12K
So,
T=7254273=998 K
2= (1)(024)(Ty - 1646.1°R ) ! | Q= mCp(T,-T;)
Ty= 321943 o
o.-(:)(|mfi](wl- 486.12K)
Q.= 511.885K)/kg

29. An ideal Joule cycle using air operates with 3 maximum pressure of
600 kPa abs and a maximum temperature of 725 C. At the beginning of
the isentropic compression process, the pressure is 102 kPa abs and the
19914y temperature is 20 C. Calculate the heat rejected
A. 4246 Kikg C 3100 kKikg
i ‘-(11)' ’:'[1.4(1 99-1)] B. 4235 kAkg D. 3425 KiAg
Seliton

From prob, no.28:

25. A Diesel cycle has a peak pressure of 745 psia. The conditions at the T,=293K
beginning of the compression are 15 psia and 530° R. Heat added to the T,=48612K
cycle is found 10 be 392 Bru/lb. Assuming constant specific heat find the
cutoff ratio.
A 1LMdwl C32w01
o Qu=mCp(T, - T))
Juiag r Qu=(1.0KI/kg-K)(601.53 ~293K)
B. 15w1 D 13103
1_,{&]7 Q,=308.53k)/kg
Selution: T AU
\P [Aas
Fromno.
24 1= 199 MK (60N
T, L)
T=60153K
30. An ideal Joule cycle using sir operates with a maximum pressure of 600
kPa sbs and o maximum temperature of 725 C. At the beginning of the 34. An Otto cycle, with a7 to | compression
ratio, has 320 Bu/lb
of heat
isentropic compression process, the pressure is 102 kPa abs and the supply. At the beginaing of the compression process the pressure and
temperature is 20 C. Calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle: temperature are 14.7 psia and 60°F. Assuming constant specific heat,
A 325% C. 39.7% calculate the thermal efficiency.
B. 125% D.435% A 54% C2ua%
B. 51% D.63%
Seliten

€ x!’-!—- I-°
QQ o
S
Refer 1028 & 29 for Q, and Q,,. ¢,=0.5408 = S408%
Q= 511885
Q,=30853 [Aox-]
35, An insulated rigid tank initially contuins 1.5 Ib of helium at 80°F and 50
6= 1- S11L8S
2853 030130 3973 psia. A paddic wheel with power rating of 0.02 hp is operated within the
tank for 30 min. Determine the final iemperature.
A.159.22°F C.102.79°F
B.235.55°F D.189.22°F
31. An Otto cycle, with
a 7 to | compression
ratio, has 320 Btw/Ib of heat Seleton.
supply. At the beginaing of the compression process the pressure and
temperatureare 14.7 psia and 60°F. Assuming constant specific heat,
calculate
the peak temperature. WamC,(4,-4) -» where: Cva2-
A 2542°F C.1342°F k1
B. 3MM°F D 4314°F 330001 - I ]-usn
(on.np)(m-( 1545/4 fioibf
m‘r—lb-'r)("_m'
Selakion:
1,= 102.79°F
T,= 60+ 460 = SR
Solving
for T,,
||
r 36. An OTTO Engine has a clearance volume of 7%. It produces 300 kW
T=Tg" of power. What is the amount of heat rejected in kW?
T,=520(7)"' = na231R A 170 C. 152
B. 160 D. 145
Then.
Q,=mC,(T,-T,) Seluten
Bru _ Biu

o
nolT-(l)(umfi-](T,.unsn)'n
1, = 3003.86°R - 460 = 2543 86'F
Solving
far g,
32. An Ouo cycle, with a 7 10 | compression ratio, has 320 Baib of heat
1, £
nElelslersis
supply. Allkhemflhempummh”d
temperature
are 14.7 psia and 60°F. Assuming
constunt specific heat, S00ENE
0 e
€. 595 psi Q= 4SL78AW
D. 571 psi

.=
Qu=Q,
= W= 45178 — 300= ISL78 kW

=Rl =(147 psia) (1) 37.Gas initially at & pressure of 101.325 kPa and temperature
of 60°C
P,=224.11 psia undergoes the following cycle.
Solving
for P, : 1-2 Adiabatic compression through compression ratio of 4.5:1.
2-3 Heating at constant volume through a pressure ratio of 1.35:1.
B.A 3-4 Constant entropy expansion 10 initial pressure
L 4-1 Constant pressure cooling 1o initial volume
m.u:1-= P, 1Cp= 1 KJkg-Kand Cv =0.678 kikg-K for the gas, determine the
113251°R 300386°R thermal efficiency of the cycle.
P, = 594.42 psia —» peak
A dLd1% C.4343%
LG B 3939% D.45.45%
33. An Outo cycle, with a 7 1o 1 comjression ratio, has 320 Btu/Ib of heat
supply. At the beginning of the compression process the pressure and Selutian:
temperature are 14.7 psia and 60°F. Assuming constant specific heat, APl
calculate the net work Buvib. P,= 101325 kPa Solving
for T, :
A 173 Buib C. 131 Bu/bh T=604273=333K &
B. 234 Bub D. 241 BuAb
RT,_0.287(333) 5 -‘*(-‘]
Vb=
P, s = 4 0.9432m’ kg
SeloFan
W= Qu(e) savqlu:.
N &
. mx"
s S
)
4_517

where: k= o e SISs ats T,=54051

8 K
e= l-$n I«T—“ =0.5408 |
on Y i SHE-T
W= Q, (0.5408) =173.07Bua/ib Q Ol\TL-T,
 Solving
for T, -
\
3.(5;—'-\—“.15
T \R) swsi
T,=730K
Solving
for T, :
42 A beat engine is operated between limitsof 1370°C and
260°C. Engine is supplied with 14,142 k)/kwh. Find the Camot cycle
efficiency in percent.

{gfghwmer
A. 70,10 C. 61.56
B. 6505 D. 69.32
Sedbiom

P 1_1 21200273
T" 1370+ 273
T=40814K
Jrous
e=0.6756= 67.56%
408.14 -333
Thus,
5 e = =(1418)|
1-(1475 7% -
——— 3

43 A Camot engine requires 35 kVs from the hot source. The engine
38 In an Ouo cycle if the compression ratio is 5.5, what is the percent
produces 15 kW of power and the temperature of the sink is 26°C. What
clearance? is the temperature
of the hot source in °C 7
A 222% C 1964% A. 24557 C. 25025
B. 210.10 D. 260.68
B 3Lus D. 2534%

Selition - Selubiom

exdelh
3 Naei m 'l

€=02222 = 220 ISkW_

RN .1 A
264273
35kW 1,+273
1,=25025°C
39. A Camot power cycle employing 1 Ib of air as a working substanceis
presumed to operate between temperature limits of 600°F and 70°F. The
pressure at the beginning and end of the isothermal expansion process are u—hmmmfi'fiifliwumm‘ym-m
510 psia and 170 psia, respectively. Determine the the cycle thermal to heat a house. If the house is kept at 70°F and requires 2000 B per
efficiency,%. minute, what is the iemperature
of the lake 7
A 254% Ca2as, A. 35°F C.39°F
B. 500% D.234% B. 36°F D. 40°F

PR S 17 )
Te 600
+ 460
6=05+500% 2000Br/mia__ 70 + 460°R
Thp(24Bwfmin) 701,
40. In an sir-standard Otto cycle, air enters at 104.7 kPa and 27°C. The 1,23620F
compression ratio is 7:1. If the net work of the cycle is 120 kikkg.
Calculate the hear supplied in k)kg ? [as]
A.221.88 kg C. 18822 kg
B. 12288 kg D. 288 12 kikg 45 Which of the following is the measure of the randomness of the
moleculesof a substance?
Solution. A. Enthalpy C. Entropy
B. Internal energy D. Heat
Seluiom:

41. In an ideal dual combustion cycle, what is the pressure ut the beginning
of constant pressure combustion if the pressure ratio is 1.4 and the
pressurc at the beginning of the constant volume portion of combustion
is 2500 kPa.
A. 3000 kPa C. 3200 kPa
B. 3500 kPa D. 3600 kPa
Soleteon
47, If an initial volume of saturated steam is expanded isothermally to twice 54. Ouo cycle consistsof
A Two isentropic and two constant volume processes
A. decreases C. increases B.Two isentropic and two constant pressure processes
B. halves D. doubles C. Two adiabatic and two isothermal processes
D, Two isothermal and two constant volume processes.
Sulition:
Selikom.
PVi= PV, 5 BV,= Py (2V,
|2 Py=1/28
Otto - 2(s =¢) and 2(v =¢)

48 A diesel cycle has a cut off raio of 2.5 and expansion rutio of 4.
Determine the clearance of the cycle 55. When H:O in the products of combustion is in liquid form, the heating
A 10.01% C 1L1% valueis known as
B. 575% D. 13.14% A, higher heating value
Solkn B, lower heating value
€. low and medium heating value
=kt D. average heating value
R=(25)(4)=10 et
1 1
e 2 e
10-1
=0= 1L 1I% H,0 in liquid
—» HHV

56. Which of the following is the compression ratio of the engine using
49. In Stirling engine. the heat is added during Diesel oil?
A isothermal process €. isometric process A Swi2 C. 12wIs
B. isobatic process D. isentropic process B Rwl4 D. 14w018
Seletiom. Selutan.

Stirting
, Q, —» Isothermal Compression
ratio (diesel) 12 10 18

=g
mmwmumummfi.'&m g
and the air prior to its entrance to the combustor, 57. Which of the following is the compression ratio of the engine using
A Evaporator C. Combustion chamber gasoline fuel?
B. Regenerator D. Heater A Swl2 C Rwl4
B l4wls D 12wl§
Slkon
Selukmm
HE x (Exhaust gas&air) —» Regenerator

ey 3
Compression
ratio (gas )-8 10 12

51. A constant volume combustion gas turbine operates on

A. Ericsson cycle C. Joule cycle 58. The products of complete combustion of gaseous hydrocarbons.
B. Brayton cycle D. Atkinson cycle T

Sl €. Carbon monoxide,
water and ammonia
D, Water, carbon monoxide
and carbon dioxide
V=C
gas turbine Seluton

Products of complete combustion —szl H20

52 Exhaust stroke of gasoline engine is also known as
A supercharging C. choking
B.scavenging D. knocking 59. An OTTO Engine has a clearance volume of 7%. It produces 300 kW
Sulution of power. What is the amount of heat rejected in kW?
A 170 C. 152
B. 160 D. 145
Exhaust
stroke —» scavenging
F :

53. The ideal cycle based on the concept that the combustion process is both
diesel and gasoline in the combination of heat transfer processes that is

A Ericsson cycle C. Dual cycle Solving lunk

B. Brayton cycle D. Rankine cycle 1 1
= — = 18, 1529
;knlocnlomn-
Selition:
300 kW
=1- 1
Q 15294
Q= 4SLT8 AW
Qp=Q
Wy = 45178 - 300 = ISLT8 kW
60. In an air standard OTTO cycle, the clearance volume is 18% of the

A 0552 C. 053
B D. 0.60
=t
i (15)065)"41
Selition
(10)
¥ (1.5-141.5(1.4)(1.65-1))
de'qlnnk: = 0.568 = 56.8%

64. One kilogram of air at pressure and temperature of 101.325kPa and

15°C initially, undergoes the following process in a cycle:
1-2 Isothermal compression to 202.65 kPa
2.3 Polytropic compression from 202.65 kPa 1o 405.30 kPa
3.1 Isentropic expansion from 405,30 kPa 10 initial condition.
Calculate the heat transfer for process | 10 2. Use R =0.287 kikg-K
and k = 1.4 for air.
A -5129K) €. 7030k
61, In an air standard Diesel cycle, compression starts at 100 kPa and 300 B -30211 D. 100.50kI
K. the compression ratio is 16 to 1. The maximum cycle temperature is Sl
2031 K. Determine the thermal
A 6027% Cen% P P2
B. 6227% D 6427 % PII 101.325 kPu TZ-TI = 288K
T=15+273=288K Py= 20265 kPa
=k 51
e {0 o=
=. -

M288 )
et = (1)(1)(0.0287) 2s)in{In| (Il’ll
22.us]
———

V= 08158 m® =579

1.4-1
T,=(300K)(16) =9943K
Ty=2031K
2031 A Two isothermal and two constant pressure processes
So,= =22333 B. Two isothermal and two constant volume processes
90943
C. Two isothermal and two constant entropy process
Thus, D. Two adiabatic, one constunt volume and constant pressure processes
- k
Sl
& (M=) Ericyson cycle (T =C)x 2&(P=C)x 2
L6028 = 60 28%
[pad]
a;Aiuqéu;n '
62. Whatisthe
final terapersture after compresic
ofs Digst) cycleif e | A. Two adiabatic and two constant volume processes
initial temperature is 32°C and the clearance is §%. B. Two adiabatic and two constant pressure processes
€. Two isothermal and two constant pressure processes.
A $63B4K C. 96384 K D. Two isothermal and two constant volume processes
B 76384K D 66384 K
Seliton
Sol o
Stichng
cycle (V=C)2x & T=02

1+dz10L
1 1
=3
: S T 68. In terms of QH (heat from high temperature source) and QL (heat to low
=1 temperature sink), the net work of a Camot cycle is:
A W=QH-QL C.W=QL/QH-QL
Ty=(32+273K)(135) 141T =ses K B W=QH-QL D.W=QL-QH
Sl
63. An ldeal Dual Combustion cycle operates on 500 gram of air, At the W.=0,-Q,
beginning of the compression.
the air is at 100 kPa, 45°C. If fy = 1.5, e =
1.65, and n = 10, determine
the cycle efficiency.

A 5388 % C.55.88 % 69. The maximum thermal efficiency that can be obtained in an ideal
B.54.88 % D.56.88 % reversible heat engine operating between 1540°F and 340°F is closest 1o
A 100% C.78%
R B. 60% D. 40%

Selution:
 5. An ideal dual combustion cycle operates on 0.60 kg of air. Find the cycle
efficiencyif the compression ratio is 12, pressure ratio is 1.6, cut-off ratio
15andk=13
A 4071 % C. 60.71%
B.50.71 % D. 4571%

A Camot engine operating between 70°F and 2000°F is modified solely Solution
by raising the high temperature by 150°F and raising the low temperature
wlmmammwum-'
thermodynamic efficiency is increased.
L
e=l- a
B. more work is done during the isentropic compression.
C. more work is done during the isothermal expansion. o PR
D. more work is done during the reversible adiabatic expansion.
e=1-
16)015) -1
PP =
(12) T 16-14 16(13)(15-1)]
€=0.5051 = 50.51%

76. All of the following mechanism can supply heat 10 a thermodynamic

C.35%
D.29%

supply beat except —» Adiabatic expansion

€, =0.55=55% =g
[ReA] hlb—fl-pdslp(-r)iud-om.nnmuu
Camot power cycle. At the beginning of isentropic compression the
a

7. A Camot cycle uses nitrogen ( k = 1.399) as the working substance. The temperature is 325.6 K and the pressure is 359.2kPa abs. The pressure at
heat supplied is 54 kJ and the adisbatic expansics Fusio is 10, Compute, the end of isentropic compression is 1379.0 kPa abs. For this cycle, the
isothermal expansion ratio, (v/vs), is 2. Calculate the heat rejected:
»
2
2 ol
] | 3
T,:ZI%ZT)=2‘NK=T‘ y .

Solving
for Ty 1 - A h
= | 8
i- s
N ("1] - b 2
b T
_7;_=(w'l 4 A95.1 KAg C.45.6 /g
B.645 KAy D. 1097 kikg
204
T=7385K
e
. A Camot cycle heat engine operates between 1540°F and 40°F andrejects
250. BTU/b 1o the low temperature reservoir or beat sink. Maximum Pl
entropy change in BTUABR of the working fluid for any process in the mRT, (1)(0287)(325.6)
cycle is: T=3286K v, - —lrl - —
A0 C.050
B.025 D 10 P=354kPa v =026m’fkg
Selution

2s=Qa 30BW/B
T 30-460R
As=0.5Bw/lb-"R
(=g
. An inventor proposes to develop clectrical pawer by withdrawing heat
from the geyser fields of northern California and converting it all to work
in power turbines. This scheme will not work because:
A the geyser fiekds have only a limited lifetime 'l'zl 478273K
B. the salinity of the steam is too great
C. it violates the first law of thermodynamics
D. it violates the second law of thermodynamics
Solition

No + work — 2nd law violation

 PRIME'S SUPPLEMENTARY ENHANCERS | POWER CYCLES / ICE )

81, At the beginning of the compression process in un ideal Diesel cycle the
pressure is 15 psia. the is 70° F and the volume is 6.54 fi’.
The compression ratio for the cycle is 15, and the heat supplied is 188
Bru. At the end of the compression process the pressure is 665 psia and
m{ou)“‘:lm(vz)“ the temperature is 1108* F. Using constant specific heat, calculatethe
‘maximum temperature in the cycle.
Vy= 0099fig A 34S°F C.4344°F
B. 2675°F D. 3245°F
A
S0.Q,= -nzh[] (u(um——]w:mx)h(z)
Q\=95.14k)/kg

. One kilogram of a perfect gas (air) is used as a working substance in 3

Camot power cycle, At the beginning of isentropic compression the
temperature is 325.6 K and the pressure is 359 2kPa abs. The pressure at
the end of isentropic compression is 1379.0 kPa abs. For this cycle. the
isothermal expansion ratio, (V¥V2), is 2 Calulste the thermal (15 psa) (654 n’{m‘i,—] (s;.uz"—"'](m ®)
efficiency of the cycle
A 319% C.376% m=05lbm
B.457% D.456% Then,

Selkinn
Q= mCp(Ty-T,)

Fromne.77. (Ty=478273K &)= 3256 K)

mnm:o,sn-(ou )(T, 1108°F)
T 3256 4= 2674.67°F
e=t-—L=1-
o]
e =03192=31.92%
478273
(5
2. A the beginning of the compression process in an ideal Diesel cycle the
pressure is 1S psia. the wempersture is 70° F and the volume is 6.54 ft.
78 A heat source supplies 2325 kJ/kg 10 a working substance
in a closed “The compression
ratip for the cycle is 15, and the heat suppliedis 188
thermodynamics power cycle. The sink receives 1510 kJ/kg of working Bru. At the end of the compression process the pressure is 665 psia and
substance. The system pump requires 14 ki/kg of substance pumped. the temperatureis 1108*F. Using constant specific heat, calculate
the
‘What is the net work of the cycle? w-hddhamm
A 815 ki/kg C 1200Ag C.4533°F
B.900 kikg D. 114 kiAg & nv-l' D, $74°F
Solotiam [
Woer=
Q0 - Qg
=2325- 1510 =815K)/kg
Pt= 15 psia a2
from no. ;B iocini .

TSR 1=1108°F
[A=A] v=esin? o]v,
) Ahumnwuamsuh;hnwu&hg-‘“ih:l_“ m=0.5Ibm v,
thermodynamics power cycle. The sink receives 1510 ki/kg of working
substance. The system pump requires 14 ki/kg of substance pumped. 15252
v Sy 2 coaen’
‘What is the net work of the cycle? What is the thermal efficiency
of the. ¢)
cycle, % na
A 0% cas%
ik
B 350% D.245% 3 Vy=V=esin’
Suletam: 1,5 2674.6°
- i iT, % !s]
Waer= Q-Qg H.2 T\
=2325.1510 = 815kI/kg 5N v 3 2674674460 (654"141
Woer _ 8IS
c"'if’z—nsflm'”u” = O4360 1+ 40 \0s712)
367467
+ 460 1108+ 460 4
vy=omne? 1= M0

. A device produces 37.5 Joules per cycle. There is one power stroke per $3. At the beginning of the compression process in ua ideal Dicsel cycle the
cycle. Calculate the power output if the device is run at 45 rpm. pressure is 15 psia, the temperature is 70° F and the volume is 6.54 fi’.
A 469 W C. 28.125wW
“The compression ratio for the cycle is 15, and the heat supplicd
is 188
B. 14063 W D. 275625 W Biu. At the end of the compression process the pressure is 665 psia and
the temperatureis 1108°F. Using constant specific heat, calculate the
Selutian: heat rejected
A 743 Bu C. 12,6 Bu
),
nsL(flfi
1rev
"""] =28 125W
)\ 60
B.2345 Bu D134 Bu

SeluTmn.
 A. single acting eigine
Qg=mCy(Ty-T) B. double acting cagine
from 00.82 m = 0.5 Ibm and from 0o 83 1, = 940.13°F C. single expansion engine
D. double expansion engine
= Bu
Qp=(05 h{“""h Answer: A
Q=744 B 92. Which of the following types of eagine where the expanding combustion
gases act on both ends of the piston?
A. single acting engine
B. double acting engine
At the beginning of the compression process in an ideal Diesel cycle the C. single expansion engine
ptfllth 15 psia. the femperature is 70° F and the volume is 6.54 ft’. D double expansion engine
sion ratio for the cycle is 15, and the heat suppliedis 188 Answer: B
Muhddhmmfimumpfld
93, Itis a device used for stomizing of cracking fuel oil and through
which the fuel oil
the temperature is 1 108° F. Using constant specific heat, calculate the net
work of the cycle
Al1137 Bu C. 245 B
B.1355 B D. 145 B

Solution, Amwer: A

Woet
= Q) - Qg
From
no 84, Qp =744Bl
W-‘-III 744 =136 B

Answer: A
85. Which of the following is an awtomatic device used for keeping constant air t
4
A, relief valve
B. unloader
C. strainer
D. barometer
Answer: B w N
6. ‘What is the other term of the diameter of the circulist ¢y linder ?
A. bare
B. sroke \
C. swept volume
D. clearance
Answer: A | Ny -
wudoy—an --n-i—unuuiqtfiuf
l‘ -ud-
C. swept volume
D. clearance

Answer: B

L Which of the following s the product of the cylinder area and siroke.
A bare
B. stoke
C. swept volume
D. clesrance
Answer: C $ -
99 What is the peak power rating that can be produced 0n an occasional basis?
The ratio of the clearance volume 10 the swept volume, A. brakepower
A fractonal clearance B. continuous duty rating
B. compression
ratio C. imtermitient rating
C. expunsion
ratio D. power rating
D. cut off ratio Answer: C
Answer: A 100. Which of the following is the value of 3 property that includes the effect of
The piston is at maximum reach from the crankshaft 10 which of the following*

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The pistan is closest 10 the crunkshaft to which of the following? Elements(Terms)
in Mathematics & Basic Engineering Sciences, Power&
A. top dead center Industrial Plant Engincering
and Machine Design.
B. botom
dead centes
C. % from top center
D. % from bottom center

Answer: B

Which of the following engines where the cxpanding combustion guses act on ane
end of the piston *