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ED 311

The document defines essential terms related to society, community, education, and social interaction. It explores various philosophical perspectives on education, including classical philosophies like idealism and realism, as well as modern philosophies such as perennialism and progressivism. Additionally, it discusses sociological perspectives, focusing on social dimensions of education and the role of schools and social institutions like family, religion, and government.

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Rye Xylane
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9 views

ED 311

The document defines essential terms related to society, community, education, and social interaction. It explores various philosophical perspectives on education, including classical philosophies like idealism and realism, as well as modern philosophies such as perennialism and progressivism. Additionally, it discusses sociological perspectives, focusing on social dimensions of education and the role of schools and social institutions like family, religion, and government.

Uploaded by

Rye Xylane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A. Define the essential terms.

1. society - the community of people living in a particular country or region and having
shared customs, laws, and organizations.

2. community - a group of people living in the same place or having a particular


characteristic in common.

3. education - is the transmission of knowledge, skills, and character traits and manifests
in various forms.

4. social interaction - is the process of reciprocal influence exercised by individuals over


one another during social encounters. Usually it refers to face-to-face encounters in which people
are physically present with one another for a specified duration.

B. Search and have preliminary readings on the philosophical perspectives.

1. Classical Philosophies

a) Idealism - idealism is a philosophical approach that has as its central tenet that
ideas are the only true reality the only thing worth knowing. In idealism, the aim
of education is to discover and develop each individual’s abilities and full moral
excellence in order to better serve society.
b) Realism - realists believe that reality exists independent of the human mind. The
ultimate reality is the world of physical objects. The focus is on the body/objects.
c) Existentialism - is a philosophy that interprets human existence in the world as
concrete and problematic. The focus is on freedom the development of authentic
individuals as we make meaning of our lives.
d) Pragmatism - pragmatists only those things that are experienced or observed are
real. They believe that reality is constantly changing and that we learn best
through applying our experiences and thoughts to problems as they arise.

2. Modern Philosophies

a) Perennialism - the focus is to teach ideas that are everlasting to seek enduring
truths which are constant not changing as the natural and human worlds at their
most essential level do not change.
b) Progressivism - progressivists believe that education should focus on the whole
child rather than on the content or the teacher. This educational philosophy
stresses that students should test ideas by active experimentation. Learning is
rooted in the questions of learners that arise through experiencing the world. It is
active not passive.
c) Humanism - is a philosophical stance that emphasizes the individual and social
potential of human beings. It is a progressive philosophy of life that affirms our
ability and responsibility to lead ethical lives without theism or other supernatural
beliefs.

C. Search and have preliminary readings on the sociological perspectives.

1. Social Dimensions of Education

a) Consensus and Conflict Theory - consensus theories see shared norms and
values as fundamental to society, focus on social order based on tacit agreements,
and view social change as occurring in a slow and orderly fashion. In contrast,
conflict theories emphasize the dominance of some social groups by others, see
social order as based on manipulation ad control by dominant groups, and view
social change as occurring rapidly and in a disorderly fashion as subordinate
groups overthrow dominant groups.
b) Structural Functionalism - is a perspective in social sciences that views
societies as complex systems with specialized parts, each serving a function
towards common goals such as stability, harmony, and growth.
c) Interactionist Theories - the interactionist/social theory proposes that language
exists for the purpose of communication and can only be learned in the context of
interaction with adults and other children. It stresses the importance of the
environment and culture in which the language is being learned.

2. Schools and Social Institutions

a) Family - provides security, economic stability, and emotional connection among


its members, usually joined by blood, marriage, or adoption.
b) Education - provides its members with knowledge, jobs, skills, cultural norms
and values.
c) Religion - a system of belief and practices designed to fil the human need for
meaning and purpose.
d) Economic Institutions - organizes the production, distribution, and consumption
of a society’s goods and services.
e) Government - responsible to maintain order, provide security and general
welfare for its citizens.

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