A Laboratory Manual for

Microprocessor & Microcontroller

(3141008)

B.E. Semester 4
(Electronics & Communication
Engineering)

Government Engineering College Bhavnagar

Directorate of Technical Education, Gandhinagar,
Gujarat
 Government Engineering College Bhavnagar
Certificate
This is to certify that Mr./Ms. ___________________________________
________ Enrollment No. _______________ of B.E. Semester _____
Electronics & Communication Engineering of this Institute (GTU Code: 021)
has satisfactorily completed the Practical / Tutorial work for the subject
Microprocessor & Microcontroller (3141008) for the academic year 2022-
23.

Place: __________
Date: __________

Name and Sign of Faculty member

Head of the Department

Microprocessor & Microcontroller (3141008)

Preface

Main motto of any laboratory/practical/field work is for enhancing required skills as well as
creating ability amongst students to solve real time problem by developing relevant
competencies in psychomotor domain. By keeping in view, GTU has designed competency
focused outcome-based curriculum for engineering degree programs where sufficient weightage
is given to practical work. It shows importance of enhancement of skills amongst the students
and it pays attention to utilize every second of time allotted for practical amongst students,
instructors and faculty members to achieve relevant outcomes by performing the experiments
rather than having merely study type experiments. It is must for effective implementation of
competency focused outcome-based curriculum that every practical is keenly designed to serve
as a tool to develop and enhance relevant competency required by the various industry among
every student. These psychomotor skills are very difficult to develop through traditional chalk
and board content delivery method in the classroom. Accordingly, this lab manual is designed
to focus on the industry defined relevant outcomes, rather than old practice of conducting
practical to prove concept and theory.

By using this lab manual students can go through the relevant theory and procedure in advance
before the actual performance which creates an interest and students can have basic idea prior to
performance. This in turn enhances pre-determined outcomes amongst students. Each
experiment in this manual begins with competency, industry relevant skills, course outcomes as
well as practical outcomes (objectives). The students will also achieve safety and necessary
precautions to be taken while performing practical.

This manual also provides guidelines to faculty members to facilitate student centric lab
activities through each experiment by arranging and managing necessary resources in order that
the students follow the procedures with required safety and necessary precautions to achieve the
outcomes. It also gives an idea that how students will be assessed by providing rubrics.

Microprocessors and microcontrollers are integral components of modern electronic devices

and systems. They are widely used in various applications, ranging from consumer electronics
to industrial automation. These two terms often cause confusion due to their similarities, but
they have distinct characteristics and purposes. Microcontrollers are often optimized for low-
power and real-time operation, making them suitable for applications that require precise
control and low energy consumption. They are programmed to carry out specific functions,
interact with the device's environment through sensors and actuators, and respond to external
stimuli in real-time.

Utmost care has been taken while preparing this lab manual however always there is chances of
improvement. Therefore, we welcome constructive suggestions for improvement and removal
of errors if any.
Microprocessor & Microcontroller (3141008)

Practical – Course Outcome matrix

Course Outcomes (COs):

CO-3 Develop assembly and embedded C language programs for AVR Microcontroller
CO-4 Analyse on chip peripherals and communication protocols
CO-5 Interface I/O peripheral devices with AVR microcontroller to develop embedded
system

Sr. C C C C C
Objective(s) of Experiment
No. O1 O2 O3 O4 O5
To Write and practice arithmetic instruction-based
1. √
assembly programs.
Write and practice AVR I/O port programming for
2. √
AVR ATMEGA 32.
To Write and practice Logical and Branching
3. √
Instructions based assembly programs.
Interface Digital/Analog input output interfacing
4. module with Arduino board and write programs related √ √
to I/O module to Blink LEDs in Different patterns.
Generate PWM waveform and change intensity of LED
5. √ √
connected with Arduino board.
Write and execute Arduino program to display message
6. √ √
and numbers on LCD
Write and execute Arduino program to enter numbers
7. √ √
from 4x4 keyboard and display on LCD
Write and execute Arduino program to read analog
8. value. Sense temperature using LM35 sensor and √ √ √
display temperature value on LCD
Write and execute Arduino program read values from
9. DHT11/DHT22 sensor and display temperature value √ √ √
on LCD
Write and execute Arduino program for serial
10. √ √ √
communication.
Write a Programming for interfacing I2C OLED
11. √ √ √
Display with Arduino.
Microprocessor & Microcontroller (3141008)

Industry Relevant Skills

The following industry relevant competency are expected to be developed in the student by
undertaking the practical work of this laboratory.
1. Task handling and Understanding capability increase.
2. Coding capability will increase.
3. Logical and reasoning Capability will increase which most required by industry.

Guidelines for Faculty members

1. Teacher should provide the guideline with demonstration of practical to the students
with all features.
2. Teacher shall explain basic concepts/theory related to the experiment to the students
before starting of each practical
3. Involve all the students in performance of each experiment.
4. Teacher is expected to share the skills and competencies to be developed in the
students and ensure that the respective skills and competencies are developed in the
students after the completion of the experimentation.
5. Teachers should give opportunity to students for hands-on experience after the
demonstration.
6. Teacher may provide additional knowledge and skills to the students even though not
covered in the manual but are expected from the students by concerned industry.
7. Give practical assignment and assess the performance of students based on task
assigned to check whether it is as per the instructions or not.
8. Teacher is expected to refer complete curriculum of the course and follow the
guidelines for implementation.

Instructions for Students

1. Students are expected to carefully listen to all the theory classes delivered by the faculty
members and understand the COs, content of the course, teaching and examination
scheme, skill set to be developed etc.
2. Students shall organize the work in the group and make record of all observations.
3. Students shall develop maintenance skill as expected by industries.
4. Student shall attempt to develop related hand-on skills and build confidence.
5. Student shall develop the habits of evolving more ideas, innovations, skills etc. apart from
those included in scope of manual.
6. Student shall refer technical magazines and data books.
7. Student should develop a habit of submitting the experimentation work as per the schedule
and s/he should be well prepared for the same.

Common Safety Instructions

1. Do not insert virus Infected Pen-drives or storage devices in PC.
2. Properly shut down the PC after completion of Practical.
 Microprocessor & Microcontroller (3141008)

Index
(Progressive Assessment Sheet)
Sr. Objective(s) of Experiment Page Date of Date of Assessm Sign. of Remar
No. No. perfor submis ent Teacher ks
mance sion Marks with
date
To Write and practice arithmetic instruction-
1.
based assembly programs.
2. Write and practice AVR I/O port programming
for AVR ATMEGA 32.
To Write and practice Logical and Branching
3.
Instructions based assembly programs.
Interface Digital/Analog input output
interfacing module with Arduino board and
4.
write programs related to I/O module to Blink
LEDs in Different patterns.
Generate PWM waveform and change
5. intensity of LED connected with Arduino
board.
Write and execute Arduino program to display
6.
message and numbers on LCD
Write and execute Arduino program to enter
7. numbers from 4x4 keyboard and display on
LCD
Write and execute Arduino program to read
8. analog value. Sense temperature using LM35
sensor and display temperature value on LCD
Write and execute Arduino program read
9. values from DHT11/DHT22 sensor and
display temperature value on LCD
10. Write and execute Arduino program for serial
communication.
Write a Programming for interfacing I2C
11.
OLED Display with Arduino.
Total
Microprocessor & Microcontroller (3141008)

Rubric For assessment:

Criteria &
Point
Assigned / 4 3 2 1 0 Total
Parameter
s
Attended
Attended the
Attended the the lab.,
Attendance Attended in Lab but 15
Lab but half but Absent.
in Lab proper time. Minutes hour
an hour late. extreme
late.
late.
Do not
Having Having
Having Having Have
Basic knowledge of knowledge
knowledge of knowledge of knowledge
Knowledge Few of the of Least of
all the related Most of the of the
of topics related the related
Topics related Topics related
Topics Topics
Topics
Completeness Completeness Completeness
of code, of code, of code,
Capability Program Program
consistent Inconsistent consistent
of writing not not
variable variable variable
Program completed Written
naming and naming and naming and
well formatted well formatted unformatted
Most of the Some of the Few
All the outputs
outputs are outputs are outputs None of the
are correct
Output correct and correct and have been outputs are
and well
well well found correct
formatted.
formatted. formatted correctly
Proper Time Proper Time
Late
Submission i.e. Same day i.e. in next day Late
Submissio Very Late
of Lab Fair Lab., with Lab., with Submission
n Submission
Copy proper proper by Two day
By Week
documentation documentation
 Experiment No: 1

To Write and practice arithmetic instruction-based assembly programs.

Date:

Competency and Practical Skills: Basic Knowledge of Digital electronics and

Microcontroller.

Relevant CO: CO-3

Objectives: (a) To Learn use of arithmetic instruction.

Equipment/Instruments: PC/Laptop, AVR Studio

Procedure:
1. Open the AVR Studio in Windows PC.
2. Write Assembly Code in AVR Studio’s Editor and save it as “.asm” File extension.
3. Open the debug menu in AVR Studio to check the output.

Code:

Output Screenshot:

1
Conclusion:

Asssignment: (Write the answers backside of the page)

1. Write the all arithmetic Instructions?

Suggested Reference: Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Sarmad Naimi and Sepehr Naimi,”The AVR
Microcontroller and Embedded Systems”, Using Assembly and C, Pearson Education, 1st Edition,
2012
References used by the students:

Rubric wise marks obtained:

Parameters Attendance Basic Capability Output Submissio Total

in Lab Knowledge of writing n of Lab
of topics Program Fair Copy
Marks

2
 Experiment No: 2

Write and practice AVR I/O port programming for AVR ATMEGA 32.
Date:

Competency and Practical Skills: Basic Knowledge of Digital electronics and

Microcontroller.

Relevant CO: CO-3

Objectives: (a) To Learn use of Port programming and registers instruction.

Equipment/Instruments: PC/Laptop, AVR Studio

Procedure:
1. Open the AVR Studio in Windows PC.
2. Write Assembly Code in AVR Studio’s Editor and save it as “.asm” File extension.
3. Open the debug menu in AVR Studio to check the output.

Code:

Output Screenshot:

3
Conclusion:

Assignment: (Write the answers backside of the page)

1. What is the types function of DDRX, PORTX and PINX registers ?

Suggested Reference: Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Sarmad Naimi and Sepehr Naimi,”The AVR
Microcontroller and Embedded Systems”, Using Assembly and C, Pearson Education, 1st Edition,
2012
References used by the students:

Rubric wise marks obtained:

Parameters Attendance Basic Capability Output Submissio Total

in Lab Knowledge of writing n of Lab
of topics Program Fair Copy
Marks

4
 Experiment No: 3

To Write and practice Logical and Branching Instructions based assembly

programs.

Date:

Competency and Practical Skills: Basic Knowledge of Digital electronics and

Microcontroller.

Relevant CO: CO-3

Objectives: (a) To Learn use of Logical and Branching instruction.

Equipment/Instruments: PC/Laptop, AVR Studio

Procedure:
1. Open the AVR Studio in Windows PC.
2. Write Assembly Code in AVR Studio’s Editor and save it as “.asm” File extension.
3. Open the debug menu in AVR Studio to check the output.

Code:

Output Screenshot:

5
Conclusion:

Assignment: (Write the answers backside of the page)

1. Write the all Logical and Branch Instructions?

Suggested Reference: Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Sarmad Naimi and Sepehr Naimi,”The AVR
Microcontroller and Embedded Systems”, Using Assembly and C, Pearson Education, 1st Edition,
2012
References used by the students:

Rubric wise marks obtained:

Parameters Attendance Basic Capability Output Submissio Total

in Lab Knowledge of writing n of Lab
of topics Program Fair Copy
Marks

6
 Experiment No: 4

Interface Digital/Analog input output interfacing module with Arduino board

and write programs related to I/O module to Blink LEDs in Different patterns.

Date:
Competency and Practical Skills: Basic Knowledge of Microcontroller and Arduino.

Relevant CO: CO-3, CO-4

Objectives: (a) To learn the interfacing and usage of microcontroller application real life.

Equipment/Instruments: PC/Laptop, Arduino IDE, Arduino Simulator

Procedure:
1. Open the Arduino IDE in Windows PC.
2. Write Arduino Code in Arduino IDE Editor and save it..
3. Open the simulator website and upload code.
4. Run the simulator and check the output.

Code:

Output Screenshot:

7
Conclusion:

Assignment: (Write the answers backside of the page)

1. Write AVR C Program to get status of port pin PA0 and send it to port pin PD0 continuously in infinite
loop.

Suggested Reference: Arduino Reference - Arduino Reference, Wokwi - Online Arduino

Simulator

References used by the students:

Rubric wise marks obtained:

Parameters Attendance Basic Capability Output Submissio Total

in Lab Knowledge of writing n of Lab
of topics Program Fair Copy
Marks

8
 Experiment No: 5

Generate PWM waveform and change intensity of LED connected with

Arduino board.
Date:
Competency and Practical Skills: Basic Knowledge of Microcontroller and Arduino.

Relevant CO: CO-3, CO-4

Objectives: (a) To learn the interfacing and usage of microcontroller application real life.

Equipment/Instruments: PC/Laptop, Arduino IDE, Arduino Simulator

Procedure:
1. Open the Arduino IDE in Windows PC.
2. Write Arduino Code in Arduino IDE Editor and save it.
3. Open the simulator website and upload code.
4. Run the simulator and check the output.

Code:

Output Screenshot:

9
Conclusion:

Assignment: (Write the answers backside of the page)

1. Write C language program to rotate DC Motor in full speed. Assuming that DC motor is controlled by
IC LM293D using port pins PC6 and PC7.

Suggested Reference: Arduino Reference - Arduino Reference, Wokwi - Online Arduino

Simulator

References used by the students:

Rubric wise marks obtained:

Parameters Attendance Basic Capability Output Submissio Total

in Lab Knowledge of writing n of Lab
of topics Program Fair Copy
Marks

10
 Experiment No: 6

Write and execute Arduino program to display message and numbers on LCD
Date:
Competency and Practical Skills: Basic Knowledge of Microcontroller and Arduino.

Relevant CO: CO-3, CO-4

Objectives: (a) To learn the interfacing and usage of microcontroller application real life.

Equipment/Instruments: PC/Laptop, Arduino IDE, Arduino Simulator

Procedure:
1. Open the Arduino IDE in Windows PC.
2. Write Arduino Code in Arduino IDE Editor and save it.
3. Open the simulator website and upload code.
4. Run the simulator and check the output.

Code:

Output Screenshot:

11
Conclusion:

Assignment: (Write the answers backside of the page)

1. Explain interfacing of 16x2 LCD with AVR Microcontroller.

Suggested Reference: Arduino Reference - Arduino Reference, Wokwi - Online Arduino

Simulator

References used by the students:

Rubric wise marks obtained:

Parameters Attendance Basic Capability Output Submissio Total

in Lab Knowledge of writing n of Lab
of topics Program Fair Copy
Marks

12
 Experiment No: 7

Write and execute Arduino program to enter numbers from 4x4 keyboard and
display on LCD
Date:
Competency and Practical Skills: Basic Knowledge of Microcontroller and Arduino.

Relevant CO: CO-3, CO-4

Objectives: (a) To learn the interfacing and usage of microcontroller application real life.

Equipment/Instruments: PC/Laptop, Arduino IDE, Arduino Simulator

Procedure:
1. Open the Arduino IDE in Windows PC.
2. Write Arduino Code in Arduino IDE Editor and save it.
3. Open the simulator website and upload code.
4. Run the simulator and check the output.

Code:

Output Screenshot:

13
Conclusion:

Assignment: (Write the answers backside of the page)

1. Write AVR program in C language to send values -10 to +10 to PORTB.

Suggested Reference: Arduino Reference - Arduino Reference, Wokwi - Online Arduino

Simulator

References used by the students:

Rubric wise marks obtained:

Parameters Attendance Basic Capability Output Submissio Total

in Lab Knowledge of writing n of Lab
of topics Program Fair Copy
Marks

14
 Experiment No: 8

Write and execute Arduino program to read analog value. Sense temperature
using LM35 sensor and display temperature value on LCD
Date:
Competency and Practical Skills: Basic Knowledge of Microcontroller and Arduino.

Relevant CO: CO-3, CO-4, CO-5

Objectives: (a) To learn the interfacing and usage of microcontroller application real life.

Equipment/Instruments: PC/Laptop, Arduino IDE, Arduino Simulator

Procedure:
1. Open the Arduino IDE in Windows PC.
2. Write Arduino Code in Arduino IDE Editor and save it.
3. Open the simulator website and upload code.
4. Run the simulator and check the output.

Code:

Output Screenshot:

15
Conclusion:

Assignment: (Write the answers backside of the page)

1. For 8 bit ADC, Vref = 2.56 V Calculate D0-D7 output if analog input is 2.1 V.

Suggested Reference: Arduino Reference - Arduino Reference, Wokwi - Online Arduino

Simulator

References used by the students:

Rubric wise marks obtained:

Parameters Attendance Basic Capability Output Submissio Total

in Lab Knowledge of writing n of Lab
of topics Program Fair Copy
Marks

16
 Experiment No: 9

Write and execute Arduino program read values from DHT11/DHT22 sensor
and display temperature value on LCD
Date:
Competency and Practical Skills: Basic Knowledge of Microcontroller and Arduino.

Relevant CO: CO-3, CO-4, CO-5

Objectives: (a) To learn the interfacing and usage of microcontroller application real life.

Equipment/Instruments: PC/Laptop, Arduino IDE, Arduino Simulator

Procedure:
1. Open the Arduino IDE in Windows PC.
2. Write Arduino Code in Arduino IDE Editor and save it.
3. Open the simulator website and upload code.
4. Run the simulator and check the output.

Code:

Output Screenshot:

17
Conclusion:

Assignment: (Write the answers backside of the page)

1. discuss steps of ADC programming.

Suggested Reference: Arduino Reference - Arduino Reference, Wokwi - Online Arduino

Simulator

References used by the students:

Rubric wise marks obtained:

Parameters Attendance Basic Capability Output Submissio Total

in Lab Knowledge of writing n of Lab
of topics Program Fair Copy
Marks

18
 Experiment No: 10

Write and execute Arduino program for serial communication.

Date:
Competency and Practical Skills: Basic Knowledge of Microcontroller and Arduino.

Relevant CO: CO-3, CO-4, CO-5

Objectives: (a) To learn the interfacing and usage of microcontroller application real life.

Equipment/Instruments: PC/Laptop, Arduino IDE, Arduino Simulator

Procedure:
1. Open the Arduino IDE in Windows PC.
2. Write Arduino Code in Arduino IDE Editor and save it.
3. Open the simulator website and upload code.
4. Run the simulator and check the output.

Code:

Output Screenshot:

19
Conclusion:

Assignment: (Write the answers backside of the page)

1. List down registers associated for serial port programming in ATMega32 and explain functions of
each.

Suggested Reference: Arduino Reference - Arduino Reference, Wokwi - Online Arduino

Simulator

References used by the students:

Rubric wise marks obtained:

Parameters Attendance Basic Capability Output Submissio Total

in Lab Knowledge of writing n of Lab
of topics Program Fair Copy
Marks

20
 Experiment No: 11

Write a Programming for interfacing I2C OLED Display with Arduino.

Date:
Competency and Practical Skills: Basic Knowledge of Microcontroller and Arduino.

Relevant CO: CO-3, CO-4, CO-5

Objectives: (a) To learn the interfacing and usage of microcontroller application real life.

Equipment/Instruments: PC/Laptop, Arduino IDE, Arduino Simulator

Procedure:
1. Open the Arduino IDE in Windows PC.
2. Write Arduino Code in Arduino IDE Editor and save it.
3. Open the simulator website and upload code.
4. Run the simulator and check the output.

Code:

Output Screenshot:

21
Conclusion:

Assignment: (Write the answers backside of the page)

1. What is the difference between SPI and I2C interface? Why I2C is known as two wire interface?

Suggested Reference: Arduino Reference - Arduino Reference, Wokwi - Online Arduino

Simulator

References used by the students:

Rubric wise marks obtained:

Parameters Attendance Basic Capability Output Submissio Total

in Lab Knowledge of writing n of Lab
of topics Program Fair Copy
Marks

22