Chapter 3: Application of ICT in Preschool

At the end of this unit, the student teachers will be able to:

Know when and how to use ICT with children

Select appropriate hardware and software for preschool education.

Identify the basics of internet

Discus services of internet and explain various terminology used in

Internet

Search and use resources on the internet

 Planning and Managing ICT tools for preschool education

• ICT can be used in role-play and integrated across the curriculum

• The child should be in control of the equipment, not the other way
round.
• Successful ICT in the early years depends on staff interacting with
the children, observing and planning for children to interact and
share knowledge and skills with each other.
• All the staff needs to feel confident and capable of using ICT.

• ICT equipment needs to be available for all children not just used by
the confident few.
• Avoid computer programmes that are just interactive

worksheets, look for open ended, discovery or challenge

type programmes.

• Use ICT to communicate with parents, staff, children,

visitors etc.

• Be creative and imaginative.

 Manage and Integrate Technology into your Classroom

Two types of ICT use are distinguished in early childhood

education:-

„ICT use supporting basic ICT skills and attitudes‟, and

„ICT use supporting contents and individual learning needs‟.

There are many ways you integrate technology into the classroom in
preschool: -
 Morning Check in Using an Interactive whiteboard

 Recording student Reading

 Sharing examples of student work

 Taking a movie of your students

 Displaying student writing

 Digital Newsletters

 Student Slideshows

 Reading Groups

 Digital Books

 Listening to books
 Appropriate use of ICT tools in specific context
Developmentally appropriate technology in early childhood offers eight
general principles for determining the appropriateness of ICT applications to
be used in the early years:
Allow child to be in control;

Avoid applications that contain violence or stereotyping;

Be Aware of health and safety issues;

Choose applications that are transparent and intuitive;

Ensure an educational purpose;

Encourage collaboration;

Encourage educational involvement of parents; and

Integrate with other aspects of the curriculum.

Appropriate technology tools provide a supportive environment that

integrates the technology within curriculum to enhance learning for

all children.

Appropriate technology tools encourage learning activities that are

self-paced and driven by the child‟s own interests and abilities.

Appropriate technology tools provide a learning environment that

helps children actively construct their own knowledge through open-

ended, discovery-based activities.

Appropriate technology tools introduce a variety of opportunities to

support and extend cognitive and social development.

Appropriate technology tools recognize each child as an

individual.

Appropriate technology tools support teacher communication,

creativity and productivity.

 Introduction to Internet
a global system that makes possible for computers worldwide to

share information via a variety of languages called protocols.

the largest computer network in the world, connecting millions of

computers.

A network is a group of two or more computer systems linked

together.

• Internet is a collection of internetworked computer around the world

used for communication and sharing of global resources among

different individuals, institutions and organizations.
 How does the Internet work?
In order to make the Internet work, it requires:

a physical connection between the computers

a common language (called TCP/IP - Transmission Control

Protocol/Internet Protocol) for the computers to communicate

over the Internet. By using TCP/IP Protocol, all kinds of
computers with different operating systems run on the Interne

Connectivity:

 Dialling into an Internet service provider's (ISP) computer

 Direct connection to an Internet service provider.

To establish a conventional dial-up connection to
the Internet, you will need the following:
An account with an ISP (a company that provides the

Internet access)

A telephone connection

Modem (external/internal)

Communication software
 Protocol
Since most computers were not similar, they had to share the same

language to understand each other. This is what gave birth to the

various protocols.

Protocols are the formal rules governing the exchange of information

between computers so as to provide reliable and efficient transfer of

information.

Detailed protocols are required to precisely define the format in which

data and system messages are to be sent.

Protocol describes how a message is addressed and governs network

traffic flow by controlling priority, routing and sequence of messages.

Services of Internet

What does one do with the Internet?

E-Mail (Electronic Mail)

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

Telnet (Remote Computing)

www (world wide web)

video conferencing
 E-mail
E-mail or Electronic mail is a paperless method of sending messages, notes

or letters from one person to another or even many people at the same time
via Internet.

Features of E-mail:

One-to-one or one-to-many communications

Instant communications

Physical presence of recipient is not required

Most inexpensive mail services, 24-hours a day and seven days a week

Encourages informal communications

Components of an E-mail Address

Example:

[email protected]

In the example above, “john” is the local part, which is the

name of a mailbox on the destination computer, where finally

the mail will be delivered.

 Hotmail is the mail server where the mailbox “john” exist,

.com is the type of organization on net, which is hosting the

mail server.
 FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
File Transfer Protocol, is an Internet utility software used to upload and

download files.

It gives access to directories or folders on remote computers and allows

software, data and text files to be transferred between different kinds of

computers. The basic objectives of FTP are:

give flexibility and promote sharing of computer programs, files and data

To transfer data reliably and more efficiently over network

To encourage implicit or indirect use of remote computers using Internet

To shield a user from variations in file storage systems among hosts.
 Telnet (Remote Computing)
Telnet or remote computing is telecommunication utility software, which uses
available telecommunication

facility and allows you to become a user on a remote computer

uses available telecommunication facility and allows you to become a user on a

remote computer.

 The TELNET works in a very step by step procedure

 The commands typed on the client computer are sent to the local Internet Service

Provider (ISP), and then from the ISP to the remote computer that you have gained
access.

 Most of the ISP provides facility to TELENET into your own account from another

city and check your e-mail while you are travelling or away on business.
Video Conferencing

a method of communicating by two-way video and audio

transmission with help of telecommunication technologies

A videoconference is a live connection between people in

separate locations for the purpose of communication, usually

involving audio and often text as well as video.
 WWW (World Wide Web)
 acronym for the World Wide Web (It is also commonly known as The Web) is a part of
the Internet. WWW is also known as W3
 hypertext based information retrieval tool

 These documents can be in many formats, such as text, graphics, animation, sound and
latest is video.
 All the information on Internet are presented to the user as a document or more
popularly known as Web Page. All these Web Pages are link to each other or even to
section within a Web Page
 And these links are known as Hyper Links.

 The tool used to view these Web Pages on Internet is known as Internet browser or
simply browser.
 World Wide Web is a vast collection of hypertext documents stored on internet
computer.
 Basic Internet Terms
Search Engines: find information for us by matching specific words to
information on the Internet
Browsers : software application used to locate and display web pages. The
three most popular browsers are Microsoft Internet Explorer, Firefox, and
Google Chrome.
Web Server: a program and a computer clubbed in to oneentity which
responds to the requests from web browsers for Internet resources.
Homepage: the first hypertext document to be shown when a user follows a
link to the web server.
URLs: Every document on the web has an address which is called the URL
(Uniform Resource Locator)
Each URL has several parts: the protocol, the host name and domain
name.
 For example: 1.The URL to locate hawassa college of teacher
education is
http://www.hcte.edu.et/hc/
Protocol Host Domain
(Service) path component
 For example: 2. The URL to locate GOOGLE is
http://www.google.com
http:// and https:// hypertext transfer protocol identifies the
document as a web page
www: -document on the World Wide Web.
.google:-host name
.com:-domain name that identifies category of the page. That com
means commercial centre.
 Searching on the web
• Search services on the Internet come in two main flavors:-
1) „Search engine‟ that index words or terms in Internet documents;
and
2) „Directories‟ that classify Web documents or locations into an
arbitrary subject classification scheme or taxonomy.
• Google- http://www.google.com

• YouTube- http://www.youtube.com

• Alta Vista – http://www.altavista.digital.com

• Lycos – http://www.lycos.com

• Yahoo! – http://www.yahoo.com
QUESTIONS

State whether the following statements are True or False.

(a) WWW is the acronym for the World Wide Web

(b) In TCP/IP connection, the user will get only textual matter of a
Web Page.

(c) E-mail is known as URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

 Children and Internet Use
offers our children unlimited opportunities for learning, constructive

entertainment and personal growth

Internet risks can be effectively managed through education and careful

parental attention

Spend time online with your child

Help your child to locate appropriate Internet Web sites

Pay attention to any games she might download or copy from the Internet

You might consider using "filters" to block your child from accessing sites

that may be inappropriate.

Monitor the amount of time that your child spends online.

Chapter Three Review Exercise
Answer the following questions briefly.

1. Write how to use ICT with Children‟s?

2. What are the appropriate hardware and software for preschool

education?

3. Define the term internet?

4. Describe how internet works?

5. List and explain services of the internet?