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Soil Conservation IDP Grade 10

The document discusses soil conservation, emphasizing the importance of soil as a finite resource essential for life and human health. It outlines the causes and effects of soil degradation, particularly in Haryana and Banswara, Rajasthan, and suggests various solutions such as afforestation and improved agricultural practices. The document highlights the urgent need for sustainable management to combat soil degradation and ensure food security.

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14 views5 pages

Soil Conservation IDP Grade 10

The document discusses soil conservation, emphasizing the importance of soil as a finite resource essential for life and human health. It outlines the causes and effects of soil degradation, particularly in Haryana and Banswara, Rajasthan, and suggests various solutions such as afforestation and improved agricultural practices. The document highlights the urgent need for sustainable management to combat soil degradation and ensure food security.

Uploaded by

kamihami78
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Soil Conservation

Introduction
Natural resources are resources which come from nature such as air, coal,
water, sunlight, metals, stone, etc. We have been using natural resources for
years on end without knowing the consequences which came to light very
recently, we have been overusing them which has led to their shortage. If
Earth's history is compared to a calendar year, modern human life has existed
for 37 minutes, and we have used one third of Earth's natural resources in the
last 0.2 seconds.

Soil Restoration
Soil, the most basic of all resources, is the essence of all terrestrial life and a
cultural heritage. Yet, soil is finite in extent, prone to degradation by natural
and anthropogenic factors. Soil is important to human health because it gives
us food, holds groundwater, etc. and when the quality of the soil is bad it can
affect the food, we eat affecting our health.

Soil degradation
Causes

While soil degradation is a natural process, it can also be caused by human


activity. In the last few decades, soil degradation has been sped up by intensive
farming practices like deforestation, overgrazing, intensive cultivation, forest
fires and construction work.

Effects
Without underground life, land would become barren. In a worst-case
scenario, it can lead to desertification, where the soil is damaged beyond
repair, and nothing grows except a handful of plants that can handle very
harsh conditions. Soil degradation can have disastrous effects around the
world such as landslides and floods, an increase in pollution, desertification,
and a decline in global food production. One of the biggest threats to our
future food security is land degradation and the associated loss in soil
productivity.

Solutions
 Afforestation
 Checking Overgrazing
 Constructing Dams
 Changing Agricultural Practices
 Crop Rotation
 Strip Cropping
 Use of Early Maturing Varieties
 Contour
 Ploughing
 Terracing and Contour Bunding
 Ploughing the Land in Right Direction
Soil degradation in Haryana

Causes
 Over-grazing by grazing animals
 Increased use of irrigation techniques
 Increased use of fertilizers, insecticide, and pesticides
 Over-use of underground water for drinking and irrigation practices
 Over-use of tractors and other machines to make the land cultivable.

Effects
 Deficiency micro and macro nutrients in soil (as shown in table) leading
to infertility of soil.

Solution
 Watershed management schemes - Watershed Management schemes
involved various Soil & Water conservation works viz., Water Harvesting
Structures, Percolation Tanks, Gully plugs, Check Dam, Silt Detention
Dam, Drop Structures, Farm Ponds, Drainage Line Treatment etc. along-
with other activities/components. These Soil Conservation measures
help in Recharging of Ground Water, moisture conservation, erosion
control, checking of land degradation, improvement in crop productivity,
restoration of eco fragile system etc
 the Government of Haryana will target diverse activities and investments
in conservation agriculture to improve agricultural productivity and
sustainability. These will include a baseline survey by the Department of
Agriculture to assess tube well water quality for irrigation, and the
mapping, by soil fertility and cropping system, of problem (saline,
alkaline, or water-logged) soils. Results of this work will be used to
update soil health cards, which are used to advise farmers on soil
treatments.

A Case Study of the district Banswara, Rajasthan


This study was undertaken in three Villages in Banswara district of the
Rajasthan to determine the level of soil erosion on farmlands as well as
the soil and water conservation measures adopted by farmers in the
area. The results indicated that the farmlands are moderately sloppy
(4%) with an estimated soil loss of 2.6 tonnes/ha. Average bulk density
was found to be 1.6 g/cm 3, indicating slightly compact soil leading to
low infiltration rate. Conservation measures put in place by farmers to
reduce erosion, increased soil nutrients and conserve moisture include
ridging across the slope, mounding with mulching, use of chemical
fertilizer and manure application. The study revealed that soil erosion is
moderately high in the area, but farmers have put measures in place to
reduce its effects and conserve soil moisture.
Bibliography
 https://www.theworldcounts.com/challenges/planet-earth/state-of-the-planet/
overuse-of-resources-on-earth
 sustainability-07-05875.pdf
 https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/soil-degradation.html#:~:text=While%20soil
%20degradation%20is%20a,forest%20fires%20and%20construction%20work.
 https://in.pinterest.com/pin/555279829035167450/
 https://agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/files/HAR3-Gurgaon-30-06-11.pdf
 Brainly.in
 http://ijrar.com/upload_issue/ijrar_issue_20543466.pdf
 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
291736127_Assessment_of_soil_and_water_conservation_measures_A_case_study_of_the
_district_banswara_rajasthan_india
 http://jalshakti-dowr.gov.in/sites/default/files/WaterConservation-Haryana.pdf
 https://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/archive/niaes/marco/marco2015/text/ws3-2_m_s_aulakh.pdf
 https://journals.ansfoundation.org/index.php/jans/article/view/2183
 https://www.cimmyt.org/news/conservation-agriculture-action-plan-for-haryana-india/

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