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Flip Flops notes

The document discusses negative edge triggering in clock signals and various types of flip-flops, including S-R, J-K, D, and T flip-flops. It explains their operations, applications, and the race around condition encountered in J-K flip-flops, along with the master-slave configuration as a solution. Flip-flops are fundamental components used in memory devices, counters, and shift registers.

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Srivani E N
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15 views

Flip Flops notes

The document discusses negative edge triggering in clock signals and various types of flip-flops, including S-R, J-K, D, and T flip-flops. It explains their operations, applications, and the race around condition encountered in J-K flip-flops, along with the master-slave configuration as a solution. Flip-flops are fundamental components used in memory devices, counters, and shift registers.

Uploaded by

Srivani E N
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Dept.

of ECE, AJIET, Mangaluru BEC302

2.2. Negative Edge Triggering

In the clock signal of the negative edge triggering, a transition occurs from the Logic High to
the Logic Low. Thus, the circuit of a negative edge triggering is operated using such a type of
clock signal. Below is the diagram of the negative edge triggering:

Flip-Flop:

A flip-flop is a sequential digital electronic circuit having two stable states that can be
used to store one bit of binary data. Flip-flops are the fundamental building blocks of
all memory devices.

Types of Flip–Flops
• S-R flip-flop
• J-K flip-flop
• D flip-flop
• T flip-flop

PRATHEKSHA RAI N, ASST. PROF,ECE 5


Dept. of ECE, AJIET, Mangaluru BEC302

S-R Flip-flop
• This is the simplest flip-flop circuit. It has a set input (S) and a reset input (R). When in
this circuit when S is set as active, the output Q would be high and the Q’ will be low. If R
is set to active then the output Q is low and the Q’ is high. Once the outputs are established,
the results of the circuit are maintained until S or R get changed, or the power is turned off.

• Truth table of S-R flip-flop

J-K Flip-flop
• Because of the invalid state corresponding to S=R=1 in the SR flip-flop, there is a need of
another flip-flop.
• A JK flip flop is a type of 1-bit memory element having inputs namely J and K, one clock
input, and two output specified by Q and Q'. The JK flip flop is an improved version of SR
flip flop which does not have forbidden state. To avoid the forbidden or indeterminate state,
the outputs of the JK flip flop are fed back to its inputs.
PRATHEKSHA RAI N, ASST. PROF,ECE 6
Dept. of ECE, AJIET, Mangaluru BEC302

• The JK flip-flop operates with only positive or negative clock transitions. The operation of
the JK flip-flop is similar to the SR flip-flop. When the input J and K are different then the
output Q takes the value of J at the next clock edge. When J and K both are low then NO
change occurs at the output. If both J and K are high, then at the clock edge, the output will
toggle from one state to the other.

However, due to these feedback paths, a new problem is raised in the circuit, which is called race
around condition. Race around condition in the JK flip is a major problem in which the outputs of
flip flop are toggled continuously till the end of applied clock signal.

To avoid the problem of race around condition in JK flip flop, we use the JK flip flop in the Master
and Slave Mode

PRATHEKSHA RAI N, ASST. PROF,ECE 7


Dept. of ECE, AJIET, Mangaluru BEC302

D Flip-flop
• In a D flip-flop, the output can only be changed at positive or negative clock transitions,
and when the inputs changed at other times, the output will remain unaffected. The D flip-
flops are generally used for shift-registers and counters. The change in output state of D
flip-flop depends upon the active transition of clock. The output (Q) is same as input and
changes only at active transition of clock

T Flip-flop
• A T flip-flop (Toggle Flip-flop) is a simplified version of JK flip-flop. The T flop is
obtained by connecting the J and K inputs together. The flip-flop has one input terminal
and clock input. These flip-flops are said to be T flip-flops because of their ability to toggle
the input state. Toggle flip-flops are mostly used in counters.

PRATHEKSHA RAI N, ASST. PROF,ECE 8


Dept. of ECE, AJIET, Mangaluru BEC302

Applications of Flip-flops
• Counters
• Shift Registers
• Storage Registers, etc.

MASTER-SLAVE JK FLIPFLOP

A JK flip flop is a type of 1-bit memory element having inputs namely J and K, one clock input,
and two output specified by Q and Q'. The JK flip flop is an improved version of SR flip flop
which does not have forbidden state. To avoid the forbidden or indeterminate state, the outputs of
the JK flip flop are fed back to its inputs.

However, due to these feedback paths, a new problem is raised in the circuit, which is called race
around condition. Race around condition in the JK flip is a major problem in which the outputs of
flip flop are toggled continuously till the end of applied clock signal.

PRATHEKSHA RAI N, ASST. PROF,ECE 9

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