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OS_Sheet2

The document outlines key principles and objectives of operating systems, including services provided, kernel functions, and resource management. It discusses the evolution of operating systems, including modes of operation, time slicing, and various system types. Additionally, it covers major achievements, fault tolerance techniques, and design considerations for modern multiprocessor and multicore systems.

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mahmoud1hesham2003
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8 views

OS_Sheet2

The document outlines key principles and objectives of operating systems, including services provided, kernel functions, and resource management. It discusses the evolution of operating systems, including modes of operation, time slicing, and various system types. Additionally, it covers major achievements, fault tolerance techniques, and design considerations for modern multiprocessor and multicore systems.

Uploaded by

mahmoud1hesham2003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Alexandria University​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Subject: Operating Systems Sheet 2

Faculty of Engineering
Computer and Systems Engineering Dept.

OS Principles
2.1 OPERATING SYSTEM OBJECTIVES AND FUNCTIONS

1.​ What are the areas of services provided by the OS? Describe briefly 3 of those.
2.​ What is the OS kernel? Where is it saved?
3.​ What are the resources managed by OS?

2.2 THE EVOLUTION OF OPERATING SYSTEMS

4.​ Why are two modes (user and kernel) needed?


5.​ What is time slicing?
6.​ Define the essential properties of the following types of systems:
a.​ a. Serial
b.​ b. Batch
c.​ c. Multiprogramming
d.​ d. Time-sharing
e.​ e. Real-time
7.​ In a batch operating system, three jobs are submitted for execution. Each job involves an I/O activity, CPU time, and
another I/O activity of the same time span as the first. Job JOB1 requires a total of 23 ms, with 3 ms CPU time; JOB2
requires a total time of 29 ms with 5 ms CPU time; JOB3 requires a total time of 14 ms with 4 ms CPU time.
Illustrate their execution and find the CPU utilization for uniprogramming and multiprogramming systems.

2.3 MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS

8.​ With many jobs running at the same time, Errors are very hard to reproduce, due to the absence of some
systematic means of coordination and cooperation among activities, describe the main 4 types of such
errors.
9.​ What are the main 3 components of a process?
10.​ List and briefly explain five storage management responsibilities of a typical OS.
11.​ What 3 factors must be considered by any resource allocation and scheduling policy.
12.​ Suppose we have four jobs in a computer system, in the order JOB1, JOB2, JOB3 and JOB4. JOB1 requires 8 s of CPU
time and 8 s of I/O time; JOB2 requires 4 s of CPU time and 14 s of disk time; JOB3 requires 6 s of CPU time; and,
JOB4 requires 4 s of CPU time and 16 s of printer time. Define the following quantities for system utilization:
● Turnaround time = actual time to complete a job
● Throughput = the average number of jobs completed per time period T
● Processor utilization = percentage of time that the processor is active (not waiting)

Compute these quantities (with illustrations if needed) in each of the following systems:
a.​ A uniprogramming system, whereby each job executes to completion before the next job can start its
execution.
b.​ A multiprogramming system that follows a simple round-robin scheduling. Each process gets 2 s of CPU
time turn-wise in a circular manner

2.4 DEVELOPMENTS LEADING TO MODERN OPERATING SYSTEMS

​ 13 Explain the difference between a monolithic kernel and a microkernel.


​ 14. Distinguish between multiprogramming and multiprocessing. What are the key motivations for the ​
​ ​ development of each?

2.5 FAULT TOLERANCE


​ 15. Describe 2 techniques used by OS to support fault tolerance.
2.6 OS DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR MULTIPROCESSOR AND MULTICORE
​ 16. Describe 2 ways of extracting parallelism from computing workloads.

Prof. Noha Adly​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1


Eng. Sajed Almorsy

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