LIVING IN IT ERA

Chapter 1 - The Digital Revolution:

The Internet, the World Wide Web,
and ICT in the Modern Era
OVERVIEW
Connect, communicate, and
innovate.
Transformative impact of the Internet,
the World Wide Web, and
Information and Communication
Technology (ICT).
Evolution of these technologies
Their global implications
Challenges of ensuring equitable
access.
Lesson 1
The Internet and the World Wide Web:
Foundations of Connectivity
A. Evolution of the Internet: From Basic Networks to the
World Wide Web (WWW)
Origins and Growth:
The Internet emerged as a decentralized network of computers
designed for data exchange. Its roots lie in the ARPANET
(Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), developed in
the late 1960s, followed by the NSFNET (National Science
Foundation Network) in the 1980s, which expanded
connectivity and laid the groundwork for today's global network.
Lesson 1
The Internet and the World Wide Web:
Foundations of Connectivity

The Advent of the World Wide Web:

In 1989, Tim Berners-Lee introduced the World Wide
Web, an innovation that transformed the Internet from
a text-based communication system into a
multimedia-rich platform. The WWW provided a user-
friendly interface for accessing information through
web browsers, enabling widespread adoption by the
general public.
 Studio Shodwe
Lesson 1
The Internet and the World Wide Web:
Foundations of Connectivity
B. The Impact of the Internet on Global Communication,
Commerce, and Access to Information

Revolutionizing Communication:
The Internet has fundamentally changed how people communicate. Email
replaced traditional postal mail for speed and efficiency, instant
messaging offered real-time text exchanges, and video conferencing
platforms like Zoom and Microsoft Teams enabled face-to-face
communication across continents.

Enabling Global Commerce:

The Internet has facilitated the rise of e-commerce, allowing
businesses like Amazon, Alibaba, and eBay to thrive. It has enabled
seamless online shopping, digital transactions, and cross-border
trade, creating a global marketplace accessible to millions.
Lesson 1
The Internet and the World Wide Web:
Foundations of Connectivity
B. The Impact of the Internet on Global Communication,
Commerce, and Access to Information
Broadening Access to Information:
Search engines like Google and Bing, online
libraries, and educational platforms such as Khan
Academy and Coursera have democratized
knowledge. People from all walks of life can now
access vast amounts of information, fostering
learning and innovation worldwide.
Lesson 1 The Internet and the World Wide Web:
Foundations of Connectivity
C. Key Components of the Internet

Protocols:
The Internet relies on standardized communication
protocols to ensure seamless data exchange. Notable
examples include:
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol): Governs how data is sent, received, and
organized.
HTTP/HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol/Secure):
Powers web browsing and ensures secure data
transfer.

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Lesson 1 The Internet and the World Wide Web:
Foundations of Connectivity
C. Key Components of the Internet

Web Technologies:
The user-facing side of the Internet is built upon
foundational web technologies:
HTML (HyperText Markup Language): Defines the
structure and content of web pages.
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): Provides design and
layout for web pages.
JavaScript: Enables interactivity and dynamic
content.

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Lesson 1 The Internet and the World Wide Web:
Foundations of Connectivity
C. Key Components of the Internet

Infrastructure:
The physical backbone of the Internet consists of
data centers, servers, and a network of fiber optic
cables. These components work together to store,
process, and transmit data across the globe,
enabling the seamless operation of online services.

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LESSON 1 SUMMARY
The Internet and the World Wide Web
are monumental achievements that have
reshaped modern society. From their
humble beginnings as research networks
to their current role as the foundation of
global connectivity, they continue to
drive innovation, foster collaboration,
and expand opportunities across the
world
 lESSON 2 ICT (Information and
Communication Technology) for
Development

How ICT is Leveraged in Developing Regions Ethical Concerns and the Digital Divide in
for Education, Health, Governance, and ICT Access
Economic Development
A. How ICT is Leveraged in Developing
Regions for Education, Health, Governance,
and Economic Development
ICT plays a transformative role in advancing
development across various sectors in
developing regions:

• Education
ICT enables access to knowledge through online
learning platforms and digital resources, especially
for remote or underserved areas. Students can
access virtual classrooms, digital libraries, and e-
learning tools, reducing barriers to education.
A. How ICT is Leveraged in Developing
Regions for Education, Health, Governance,
and Economic Development
Health:
Telemedicine platforms and mobile health (mHealth)
applications facilitate healthcare delivery. These tools allow
for remote consultations, diagnostic support, and health
monitoring, bridging gaps in medical access and expertise.
Governance
E-governance initiatives enhance public service delivery
and government transparency. Citizens can access
services such as tax filings, land records, and voting
systems digitally, reducing corruption and bureaucratic
inefficiencies.
A. How ICT is Leveraged in Developing
Regions for Education, Health, Governance,
and Economic Development

Governance
ICT supports economic growth by empowering small
businesses through digital tools, fostering financial
inclusion via mobile banking, and connecting
entrepreneurs to broader markets through e-commerce
platforms.
B. Ethical Concerns and the Digital Divide in
ICT Access
Ethical Concerns: The use of ICT brings issues
Privacy Violations: Unauthorized access and misuse
of personal data.
Misinformation: Rapid spread of false or misleading
information through digital platforms.
Surveillance: Overuse of monitoring technologies
by governments or private entities, infringing on
individual freedoms.
B. Ethical Concerns and the Digital Divide in
ICT Access
Digital Divide: The gap between those who have
access to ICT and those who do not. This divide
arises from:
Socioeconomic Factors: Affordability of devices
and Internet services.
Geographic Barriers: Limited access in rural or
remote areas.
Infrastructural Issues: Lack of ICT infrastructure,
such as broadband networks and electricity.
B. Ethical Concerns and the Digital Divide in
ICT Access
Solutions to the Digital Divide
Affordable Connectivity Programs: Initiatives to
provide subsidized or low-cost Internet services to
underserved populations.
Infrastructure Investments: Development of digital
infrastructure, such as expanding broadband
coverage and ensuring reliable power supply.
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