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Biodiversity and Conservation

Biodiversity
1. Which of the following regions of the globe exhibits highest
species diversity?

a) Western ghats of India

b) Madagascar

c) Himalayas

d) Amazon forests

(NEET 2020)
2. According to Robert may, the global species diversity is
about

a) 1.5 million
b) 20 million
c) 50 million
d) 7million

(NEET 2020)
3. Which of the following is the most important for animals
and plants being driven to extinction?

a) Alien species invasion

b) Habitat loss and fragmentation

c) Drought and floods

d) Economic exploitation

(NEET 2019)
4. Decline in the population of Indian native fishes due to
introduction of clarias gariepinus in river Yamuna can be
categorized as

a) co-extinction

b) habitat fragmentation

c) over-exploitation

d) alien species invasion

(Odisha NEET 2019)

5. Alexander von Humboldt described for the first time

a) laws of limiting factor

b) species area relationships

c) population growth equation

d) ecological biodiversity

(NEET 2017)
6. Which of the following is correctly matched?

a) Aerenchyma – Opuntia

b) Age pyramid – Biome

c) Parthenium hysterophorus – Threat to biodiversity

d) Stratification – Population

(NEET-II 2016)
7. Red list contains data or information on

a) all economically important plants

b) plants whose products are in international trade

c) threatened species

d) marine vertebrates only

(NEET-II 2016)
8. Which is the national aquatic animal of India?

a) Blue whale

b) Sea-horse

c) Gangetic shark

d) River dolphin

(NEET-I 2016)
9. Which of the following is the most important cause of
animals and plants being driven to extinction?

a) Habitat loss and fragmentation

b) Co-extinctions

c) Over-exploitation

d) Alien species invasion

(NEET-I 2016)
10. A species facing extremely high risk of extinction in the
immediate future is called

a) vulnerable

b) endemic

c) critically endangered

d) extinct

(2014)
11. The organization which publishes the Red list of species is

a) ICFRE
b) IUCN
c) UNEP
d) WWF

(2014)
12. Given below is the representation of the extent of global diversity of invertebrates. What groups
the four portions (A-D) represent respectively?

A B C D
a) Insects Crustaceans Other animal groups Mollusca
b) Crustaceans Insects Mollusca Other animal groups
c) Mollusca Other animal group Crustaceans Insects
d) Insects Mollusca Crustaceans Other animal group

(2014)
13. Which of the following represent maximum number of
species among global biodiversity?

a) Fungi

b) Mosses and Ferns

c) Algae

d) Lichens

(NEET 2013, 2012)

14. Which of the following has maximum genetic diversity in
India?

a) Mango

b) Wheat

c) Groundnut

d) Rice

(Karnataka NEET 2013)

15. Which organization publishes the “Red Data Book”?

a) IUCN
b) UNEP
c) WWF
D) GEF

(Karnataka NEET 2013)

16. Which one of the following have the highest number of
species in nature?

a) Fungi

b) Insects

c) Birds

d) Angiosperms

(2011)
17. Biodiversity of a geographical region represents

a) endangered species found in the region

b) the diversity in the organisms living in the region

c) genetic diversity in the dominant species of the region

d) species endemic to the region

(Mains 2011)
18. Study the four statements (i-iv) given below and select the two
correct ones out of them. The two correct statements are

i) A lion eating a deer and a sparrow feeding on grains are ecologically

similar in being consumers. a) (ii) and (iii)

ii) Predator star fish Pisaster helps in maintaining species diversity of b) (iii) and (iv)
some invertebrates.

iii) Predators ultimately lead to the extinction of prey species. c) (i) and (iv)

iv) Production of chemicals such as nicotine, strychnine by the plants

d) (i) and (ii)
are metabolic disorders.
19. The Indian rhinoceros is a natural inhabitant of which one
of the Indian states?

a) Uttarakhand

b) Uttar Pradesh

c) Himachal Pradesh

d) Assam

(Mains 2010)
20. Which one of the following has maximum genetic diversity
in India?

a) Mango

b) Wheat

c) Tea

d) Teak

(2009)
21. The table gives the populations (in thousands) of ten species (A-J) in four areas
(p-s) consisting of the number of habitats given within brackets against each.
Study the table and answer the question which follows.

Which area out of p-s shows maximum species diversity?

a) s
b) p
c) q
d) r
(2008)
22. Which one of the following pairs of organisms are exotic
species introduced in India?

a) Lantana camara, water hyacinth

b) Water hyacinth, Prosopis cineraria

c) Nile perch, Ficus religiosa

d) Ficus religiosa, Lantana camara

(2007)
23. One of the endangered species of Indian medicinal plants
is that of

a) Ocimum

b) Garlic

c) Nepenthes

d) Podophyllum

(2007)
24. Which of the following pairs of an animal and a plant
represents endangered organisms in India?

a) Banyan and black duck

b) Bentinckia nicobarica and red panda

c) Tamarind and rhesus monkey

d) Cinchona and leopard

(2006)
25. According to IUCN Red List, what is the status of Red Panda (Ailurus
fulgens)?

a) Critically endangered species

b) Vulnerable species

c) Extinct species

d) Endangered species

(2005)
26. Which group of vertebrates comprises the highest number of endangered
species?

a) Mammals
b) Fishes
c) Reptiles
d) Birds

(2003)
27. Which endangered animal is the source of the world’s finest, lightest,
warmest and most expensive wool-the shahtoosh?

a) Nilgai

b) Cheetal

c) Kashmiri goat

d) Chiru

(2003)
28. Wildlife is continuously decreasing. What is the main reason of this?

a) Predation

b) Cutting down of forest

c) Destruction of habitat

d) Hunting

(2002)
29. Indri-indri lemur id found in

a) Madagascar

b) Mauritius

c) India

d) Sri Lanka

(2000)
30. Occurrence of endemic species in south America and Australia is due to

a) these species has been extinct from other regions

b) continental separation
c) there is no terrestrial route to these places

d) retrogressive evolution

(2001)
31. Which of the following is mainly responsible foe the extinction of wildlife?

a) Pollution of air and water

b) Hunting of flesh

c) Destruction of habitats

d) All of these

(1999)
32. What is the major cause of diminishing wildlife number?

a) Felling of trees

b) Paucity of drinking water

c) Cannibalism

d) Habitat destruction

(1998)
33. The breeding place of Flamingo (Hansawar) in India is most likely
a) Runn of Kutch

b) Ghana Vihar

c) Sambhar lake

d) Chilka lake

(1996)
34. The abundance of a species population, within its habitat, is called

a) Relative density

b) Regional density

c) Absolute density

d) Niche density

(1995)
35. The most important human activity, leading to the extinction of wildlife, is

a) pollution of air and water

b) hunting for valuable wildlife products

c) introduction of alien species

d) alteration and destruction of the natural habitats.

(1994)
Biodiversity Conservation
36. The earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 was called

a) for immediate steps to discontinue use of CFCs that were damaging the ozone
layer

b) to reduce CO2 emissions and global warming

c) for conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilization of its benefits

d) to assess threat posed to native species by invasive weed species.

(NEET 2019)
37. Which of the following is not a method of in situ conservation of biodiversity?

a) Sacred grove

b) Biosphere reserve

c) Wildlife sanctuary

d) Botanical garden

(NEET 2019)
38. Western ghats have a large number of plant and animal species that are not found any where else. Which
of the following terms will you use to notify such species?

a) Endemic

b) Vulnerable

c) Threatened

d) Keystone

(Odisha NEET 2019)

39. All of the following are included in ‘ex-situ conservation’ except

a) Wildlife safari parks

b) Sacred groves

c) Botanical gardens

d) Seed banks

(NEET 2018)
40. Which one of the following is related to ex-situ conservation of threatened
animals and plants?

a) Biodiversity hotspots

b) Amazon rainforest

c) Himalayan region

d) Wildlife safari parks

(NEET 2017)
41. The region of biosphere reserve which is legally protected and where no
human activity is allowed is known as

a) buffer zone

b) transition zone

c) restoration zone

d) core zone

(NEET 2017)
42. How many hotspots of biodiversity in the world have been identified till date by
Norman Myers?

a) 17
b) 25
c) 34
d) 43

(NEET-II 2016)
43. Which of the following national parks is home to the famous musk deer or
hangul?

a) Keibul Lamjao National Park, Manipur

b) Bandhavgarh National Park, Madhya Pradesh

c) Eaglenest wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal Pradesh

d) Dachigam National Park, Jammu and Kashmir

(NEET-II 2016)
44. The species confined to a particular region and not found elsewhere is termed as

a) endemic

b) rare

c) keystone

d) alien

(2015)
45. In which of the following both pairs have correct combination?
a) In-situ conservation: Seed Bank
Ex-situ conservation: National Park

b) In-situ conservation: Tissue culture

Ex-situ conservation: Sacred groves
c) In-situ conservation: National Park
Ex-situ conservation: Botanical garden

d) In-situ conservation: Cryopreservation

Ex-situ conservation: wildlife Sanctuary

(2015 Cancelled)
46. Cryopreservation of gametes of threatened species in viable and fertile condition
can be referred to as

a) in situ conservation by sacred groves

b) in situ cryo-conservation of biodiversity

c) in situ conservation of biodiversity

d) advanced ex situ conservation of biodiversity.

(2015 Cancelled)
47. An example of ex-situ conservation is

a) national park

b) seed bank

c) wildlife sanctuary

d) sacred grove.

(2014, 2010)
48. Which one of the following is not used for ex-situ plant conservation?

a) Shifting cultivation

b) Botanical gardens

c) Field gene banks

d) Seed banks

(NEET 2013)
49. The largest tiger reserve in India is

a) Valmiki

b) Nagarjunasagar - Srisailam

c) Periyar

d) Nagarhole

(Karnataka NEET 2013)

50. Which one of the following areas in India, is a hotspot of biodiversity?

a) Eastern Ghats

b) Gangetic plain

c) Sunderbans

d) Western Ghats

(2012)
51. Select the correct statement about biodiversity.

a) The desert areas of Rajasthan and Gujarat have a very high level of desert animal
species as well as numerous rare animals.

b) Large scale planting of Bt cotton has no advers effect on biodiversity.

c) Western ghats have a very high degree of species richness and endemism

d) Conservation of biodiversity is just a fad pursued by the developed countries.

(Mains 2012)
52. Sacred groves are specially useful in

a) Generating environmental awareness

b) Preventing soil erosion

c) Year-round flow of water in rivers

d) Conserving rare and threatened species

(Mains 2012)
53. Consider the following statements (A – D) each with one or two blanks.
A) Bears go into (1) during winter to (2) cold weather.
B) A conical age pyramid with a broad base represents (3) human population
C) A wasp pollinating a fig flower is an example of (4)
D) An area with high levels of species richness is known as (5)

Which one of the following options, gives the correct fill ups for the respective
blank numbers from (1) to (5) in the statements?
a) (3) – stable (4) – commensalism, (5) – marsh
b) (1) – aestivation, (2) – escape, (3) – stable, (4) – mutualism
c) (3) – expanding, (4) – commensalism, (5) – biodiversity park
d) (1) – hibernation, (2) – escape, (3) – expanding (5) – hotspot

(Mains 2011)
54. Tiger is not a resident in which one of the following national parks?
a) Sunderbans
b) Gir
c) Jim Corbett
d) Ranthambhor

(2009)
55. Which one of the following is not observed in biodiversity hotspots?
a) Lesser inter-specific competition
b) Species richness
c) Endemism
d) Accelerated species loss

(2008)
56. World Summit on Sustainable Development (2002) was held in
a) Argentina
b) South Africa
c) Brazil
d) Sweden

(2008)
57. Identify the old combination of the habitat and the particular animal
concerned.
a) Sunderbans – Bengal tiger

b) Periyar – Elephant
c) Rann of Kutch – wild Ass
d) Dachigam National Park – Snow leopard

(2007)
58. Which of the following is considered a hotspot of biodiversity in India?

a) Aravalli hills

b) Western ghats

c) Indo-gangetic plain

d) Eastern ghats

(2006)
59. Which one of the following is not included under in situ conservation?
a) National park
b) Sanctuary
c) Botanical garden
d) Biosphere reserve

(2006)
60. Which one of the following is the correctly matched pair of an endangered
animal and a National Park?
a) Great Indian bustard : Keoladeo National Park
b) Lion : Corbett National Park
c) Rhinoceros : Kaziranga National Park
d) Wild ass : Dudhwa National Park

(2006)
61. Biodiversity Act of India was passed by the parliament in the year
a) 1992
b) 1996
c) 2000
d) 2002

(2005)
62. In your opinion, which is the most effective way to conserve the plant diversity
of an area?
a) By tissue culture method
b) By creating biosphere reserve
c) By creating botanical garden
d) By developing seed bank

(2004)
63. Viable material of endangered species can be preserved byx
a) gene bank
b) gene library
c) herbarium
d) gene pool.

(2000)
64. MAB stands for
a) Mammals and biosphere
b) Mammals and biology programme
c) Mam and biology programme
d) Man and biosphere programme

(1997)
65. Identify the correct match between tiger reserve and its state.
a) Manas - Assam
b) Corbett - Madhya Pradesh
c) Bandipur - Tamil Nadu
d) Palamu - Odisha

(1995)
66. Which of the following is the matching pair of a sanctuary and its main
protected wild animal?
a) Kaziranga-Musk deer
b) Gir-Lion
c) Sunderbans-Rhino
d) All of these

(1995)