Group 1 Learning News Writing

Campus
News
Writing
1
What is News Writing?
News writing is a
style of writing that
reports on current
events in a factual
and objective way. 2
Sources and
the Flight of
Campus
News
3
 What Are Sources?
Sources in journalism provide
information for news stories. They can
be people, documents, or digital content
that supply facts and perspectives.

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Types of Resources
• Primary: Direct evidence (e.g., interviews,
official records)

• Secondary: Analysis of primary sources

(e.g., books, articles)

• Tertiary: Summaries of information (e.g.,

encyclopedias, databases
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Evaluating Resources
To ensure credibility, consider:

• Authority: Who created it?

• Accuracy: Is the information

correct?

• Bias: Is there a particular

perspective? 6
Campus News
• Campus news covers events,
issues, and opinions relevant to
students and school
communities, often published in
school newspapers or online
platforms. 7
The Flight of Campus News
News in schools spreads through:
• Student publications
• Social media
• Word of mouth
• School announcements
8
 Challenges in Campus
Journalism
• Censorship and editorial restrictions
• Misinformation and fact-checking
• Lack of student engagement
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Essentials of News
1.Understand the News Writing
Structure
2. Grab the Reader's Attention
with a Strong Headline
3. Write a Compelling Lead
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4. Stick to the Facts
5. Use Clear and Concise
Language
6. Maintain Objectivity
7. Write for the Web
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8. Fast-Check and Edit
9. Develop Your News
Writing Skills
10. Stay Informed and
Adapt
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Elements of News
1. Immediacy: newness, recency, freshness;
news given to the public as soon as it happens
is more valuable than news disclosed later.

2. Proximity: the value of news depreciates

with distance. Look for news that interests
people near you. The farther you are from the
place, the less interested you are about
happenings there. 13
3. Consequence: how many people are affected by
the news. The more people are affected, the bigger the
news item. Examples: taxes, legislation

4. Oddity: refers to any unusual deviation from the

normal.
5. Emotions (human interest): anything
that appeals to our sense of pity,
admiration, and hatred—an appeal to
emotion and not to the mind. 14
6. Conflict: disagreement between man and
his fellowmen, man and nature or man and
himself.

7. Prominence: this attracts

more attention than the ordinary.
This can be persons, places or
objects. 15
8. Drama: certain events that discussion of
which makes a reader go on and on.

9. Progress: scientific progress, inventions

make life better. Progress is the most
important phenomenon in the press.

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Principles of
Journalism
applicable to
News 17
1. Accuracy: This involves verifying
information from reliable sources, fact-
checking to ensure correctness, and
promptly acknowledging and correcting
any errors.

2. Fairness: This requires presenting all

sides of a story, giving subjects of news
stories the opportunity to respond, and
avoiding bias while maintaining impartiality.
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3. Independence: This means maintaining editorial
autonomy from external influences, resisting pressure
from advertisers, government, or other interest groups,
and disclosing any potential conflicts of interest.

4. Accountability: This entails taking

responsibility for published content,
being transparent about the
newsgathering process, and engaging
with the audience and responding to
feedback. 19
5. Objectivity: This strives to
report facts without bias or
opinion, separating news from
commentary or analysis, and
presenting multiple perspectives
on complex issues (political
debates, social controversies).20
The Inverted MOST
IMPORTANT

Pyramid
LEAST
The inverted pyramid is a writing IMPORTANT
style that presents the most
important information first, followed OTHER
by details in decreasing order of GENERAL
INFO

importance. 21
 MOST
IMPORTANT
Primary Lead: The lead
paragraph which contains the LEAST
IMPORTANT
most essential information -
the WHO, WHAT, WHEN,
OTHER

WHERE WHY and HOW of GENERAL

INFO

the story. 22
Secondary Lead: MOST
Subsequent paragraphs IMPORTANT

that provide supporting

details, expanding on the LEAST
IMPORTANT

lea and adding context

OTHER
GENERAL
INFO

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Other Important MOST

details: IMPORTANT

The least important LEAST

information, IMPORTANT

that gives flesh to the OTHER

GENERAL

story. INFO

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Structure
of News
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 Headline
This is a short, attention-
getting statement about the
event
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27
 Byline
The byline’s function is to tell
the readers who wrote the
article.
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 Lead
The lead is the first paragraph of the
news story. In straight news, it tells the
most important facts of the sorry.
Lead in a news story, particularly in
straight news need not to be long. 30
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 The Body
The body is the main section of your
news article, it includes more details
about what you said in your lead.

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33
 The Tail
The tail includes the least important
information from your news article and
functions to sum up the events.

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35
Tips in
News
Writing
36
1. Write the news as soon as you have gathered the facts

2. List the facts according to their descending importance

3. Highlight the most important data as your lead

4. Be accurate in presenting facts

5. Names should be given in full when first mentioned. Use

Mr. and/or surname for men, Miss or Mrs. and/or surname

for women or any appropriate title

37
6. Attribute authority or source of news to strengthen the
reader’s confidence in the accuracy of the story and protect the
newspaper from a libel suit.
7. Identify the names mentioned. If the person has several
identifications, use the one relevant to the facts of the story.
8. Avoid editorializing. Do not inject your opinion into the news.
9. Be objective. Present facts without bias.
10. Make a short paragraph. Write one idea, mostly a one-
sentence paragraph. 38
11. Use simple words.
12. Use short sentences but vary their length.
13. Do not involve yourself in the news by using first person.
14. Prefer the active than the passive voice.
15. Present both sides of the story involved in the news.
16. Do not use an important or unusual word twice in the same
paragraph.
17. Numbers from 1 to 9 should be written in word and 10 and above
should be in numerical figure.
18. Do not start the sentence with numerical figure. Have it in word. 39
 Types of News
A. According to style of presentation

1. Straight news. The data are presented in

direct fashion using the summary lead.

2. News feature. The data are presented

indirectly through the use of novelty lead. 40
-Richell C.
B. According to place of occurrence

1. Local news. The event happens

within the locality of the reader

2. Foreign news. The event take place

outside of the country. 41
C. According to sources

1. Action story. The reporter himself is an eye

witness of the event that happens.

2. Based on the records news. The

information are gathered from the records like
the police stations, hospitals and other
agencies.
42
3. Speech news. The data are
gathered from the speech of celebrities.

4. Based on interview. When data are

gathered through interviewing persons,
who are knowledgeable or authority of
the event. 43
 The Lead
The lead is the story's opening
sentence or two. In straight
news, it tells the most important
the story. 44
 Classification of
Lead
1. Summary lead
It answers the five W's and
one H (What, Who, Where,
When, Why and How).
45
 2. Novelty lead

It attracts the reader's

attention, arouses his
curiosity and sustains his
interest.
46
Rules for a good lead
Keep it short
Get to the point
Focus on the action
Hook the reader
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 To write a good lead
1. Condense story into one or
two words
2. Keep leads short
3.The news lead should tell the
reader what the story is about
4.Find the action in the story 48
5.Always double check
names and numbers

6.Attribute opinions

7. Write in the active voice

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 Source and Citation in
News Writing
SOURCE
refers to the specific piece of
information or work that you
have referenced or used in
your research 50
 Citation
a reference to a
source of information
used in research,
writing, or speaking.
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Sources of a Campus
News writing
1. Office,Department and
Library
2.School Calendar
3.Invitations and Memos
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4. Different clubs and
Organizations
5.Sports Team
6.Student and Teachers
7.Community

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 DIFFERENT STYLES IN
CITING SOURCES
1. APA 2. MLA 3. CHICAGO
(American (Modern STYLE
Psychological Language
Association) Association}
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Major Classifications of Lead
1. Summary lead
It answers the five W's and one
H (What, Who, Where, When,
Why and How).
the story is presented using
the inverted triangle 55
2. The Grammatical-Beginning Lead
it is also equally concerned with its
grammatical structure.

3. Unorthodox lead or novelty lead

It is best used to attract the reader's
attention, to arouse his/her curiosity
and to sustain his/her interest
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 Kinds of Summary Lead
As stated earlier, the summary lead
uses the 5 W and 1 H as base for
starting such a lead. The position of
the W’s and H is determined by their
degree of importance.
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Kinds of Summary Lead
At the Commission on Higher Education Central
Office yesterday, the Board of Trustees of the
Batanes State College approved the new grading
system which will take effect next semester.

58
 1. What Lead
This is applied if the most important angle of
the news is the event per se.
Example: The new grading system in Batanes
State College will be imposed next semester after
the Board of Trustees approved the resolution at
the Commission on Higher Education Central
Office yesterday. 59
 1. Who Lead
This type of lead is used if the most important
angle of the news is the person involved,
thus, more significant than the event.
Example: The members of the Board of Trustees of
the Batanes State College approved yesterday the
new grading system at the Commission on Higher
Education Central Office. 60
 1. Where Lead
If the location where the event takes place is
more significant than the other aspects of the
news, then this kind of lead is best applied.
Example: At the Commission on Higher Education
Central Office yesterday, the Board of Trustees of
the Batanes State College approved the new
grading system which will take effect next
semester.
61
 1. When Lead
This type of lead is seldom used since this is only
applicable when the time element is more
important than the other angles of the story.
Nonetheless, it suggests urgency and immediacy.
Example: Yesterday at the Commission on Higher
Education Central Office, the Board of Trustees of the
Batanes State College approved the new grading
system which will take effect next semester. 62
 1. Why Lead
If the cause of the event is the most effective angle
of the story, this type of lead is best suited.
Example: Yesterday at the Commission on Higher
Education Central Office, the Board of Trustees of the
Batanes State College approved the new grading
system which will take effect next semester.
63
 1. How Lead
If the process or the manner of how the event
happened is most important among the other
angles of the news, the how lead is used.
Example: Through a 7-5 vote, the members of the
Board of Trustees of the Batanes State College
approved the new grading system at the Commission
on Higher Education Central Office yesterday. 64
 Kinds of Grammatical-
Beginning Leads
1. Prepositional Phrase Lead
Starts with a preposition.

2. Infinitive Phrase Lead Begins

with 'to' verb. 65
3. Participial Phrase Lead Starts with a verbs
ending in -ing or -ed (acts as a modifier).

4. Gerundial Phrase Lead Begins with a

gerund (-ing form of a verb acting as a noun).

5. Clause Lead-Starts with a complete clause

(independent or subordinate).

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 Kinds of Novelty Lead
1. Narrative lead. It draws the reader into the story
by allowing him/her to relate himself/herself with the
character of the story.

2. Descriptive lead. Effective in writing personality

sketches, travelogues and the like, this lead
illustrates a mental picture of the subject to the
reader. A writer must be adept in creating mental
images through the play of the language to satisfy 67

the readers in using this technique.

 Kinds of Novelty Lead
3. Quoted Statement Lead. It is a statement uttered
by well-known personality of celebrity. Usually, in
school setting, when student journalists want to
highlight the message of the guest speaker, they
use this type of lead.

4. Question lead. It is a thought-provoking question

to capture the interest of the reader and lead them to
find the answer provided by the succeeding details 68

of the article.
 Kinds of Novelty Lead

5. Teaser. Generally short, crisp and witty, this is a

device to deceive the reader in a jesting manner as it
arouses his curiosity and gently leads him into the
story. Often, riddles are used, and they do not give
the readers any clue on the nature of the story. They
are mostly suggestive and humorous.

6. Punch lead. It is short, striking one-sentence lead. 69

 Kinds of Novelty Lead
7. Astonisher lead. This lead aims to give the reader
a strong sense of emotional value. Thus, it primarily
uses an exclamatory sentence.

8. One word lead. It uses a very significant word to

capture or arouse the interest of the reader.

9. Parody lead. It consists of a parody of a well-

known quotation, song, poem, book or movie film 70

title.
 Kinds of Novelty Lead

10. Background lead. It describes an event in which

the background overshadows the individuals who
participate in it; often, it uses stories about carnivals,
festivals, dances and others.

11. Freak lead. In order to enhance its appeal and to

easily catch the attention of the reader, this kind of
unique lead uses typographical effects. 71
 Kinds of Novelty Lead

12. Contrast lead. It is used to point out opposites

and extremes.

13. Staccato lead. Primarily rooted from musical

parlance, this term suggests a lead that consists of a
series of words and phrases, punctuated by periods,
commas or dashes.
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 Group 1 Members

Guiral, Christine E.
Gorillo, Richelle R.
Taborada, Criza
Dador, Christen Shane
Mandantes, Rica
Calinawan, Richelle R.
Pasigna, Rachille T.
Tancontian, Ronilo Jr. 73
74