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slides_7_ch 7- Nodal analysis

The document outlines the method of nodal analysis in electrical circuits, utilizing Kirchhoff’s current law to determine nodal voltages. It describes the steps to identify nodes, select a reference node, and apply KCL to establish equations for the remaining nodes. Additionally, it explains the treatment of voltage sources as supernodes and the process for solving the resulting equations for nodal voltages.

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Salih
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10 views

slides_7_ch 7- Nodal analysis

The document outlines the method of nodal analysis in electrical circuits, utilizing Kirchhoff’s current law to determine nodal voltages. It describes the steps to identify nodes, select a reference node, and apply KCL to establish equations for the remaining nodes. Additionally, it explains the treatment of voltage sources as supernodes and the process for solving the resulting equations for nodal voltages.

Uploaded by

Salih
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Methods of Analysis and

Selected Topics (dc)


8.9 NODAL ANALYSIS (GENERAL APPROACH)
For mesh analysis we used Kirchhoff’s voltage law around each closed loop.

Now we employ Kirchhoff’s current law to develop the method: nodal analysis.

A node is defined as a junction of two or more branches.

Define one node as a reference ⟹ remaining nodes will have a potential relative to
this reference.

For a network of N nodes, there is (N-1) nodes with a fixed voltage relative to the
reference node.

Equations relating these nodal voltages are written by applying KCL to each of the
(N-1) nodes.

The equations are then solved for these nodal voltages.


1. Determine the number of nodes within the network.
2. Pick a reference node, and label each remaining node with a subscripted
value of voltage: V1, V2, and so on.
3. Apply Kirchhoff’s current law at each node except the reference. Assume
that all unknown currents leave the node for each application of
Kirchhoff’s current law. In other words, for each node, don’t be influenced
by the direction that an unknown current for another node may have had.
Each node is to be treated as a separate entity, independent of the
application of Kirchhoff’s current law to the other nodes.
4. Solve the resulting equations for the nodal voltages.
Supernode

When there is a voltage source in the


network:
Start as before step 1 and 2, (voltage
source is treated as resistor)
Mentally replace the voltage source
with a short circuit and apply KCL to
the defined nodes
Any node including the effect of other
nodes is said supernode.
Finally relate the defined nodes
voltages to the voltage source
1. Choose a reference node and assign a subscripted voltage label to the (N -1)
remaining nodes of the network.
2. The number of equations required for a complete solution is equal to the
number of subscripted voltages (N-1).
a. Column 1 of each equation is formed by summing the conductances
tied to the node of interest and multiplying the result by that
subscripted nodal voltage.
3. the mutual terms, (tying two nodes), are subtracted from the first column. It
is possible to have more than one mutual term. Each mutual term is the
product of the mutual conductance and the other nodal voltage tied to that
conductance.
4. The column to the right of the equality sign is the algebraic sum of the
current sources tied to the node of interest. A current source is assigned a
positive sign if it supplies current to a node and a negative sign if it draws
current from the node.
5. Solve the resulting simultaneous equations for the desired voltages.

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