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4-03_Human Gas Exchange_ExQ (updated)

The document outlines a human gas exchange exercise, focusing on the mechanics of breathing, lung structure, and the effects of conditions like asthma and smoking. It includes questions about the function of respiratory structures, the path of air, and experiments to measure carbon dioxide and oxygen levels in inhaled and exhaled air. The document is structured to assess understanding of respiratory physiology and related experiments.

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William
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19 views4 pages

4-03_Human Gas Exchange_ExQ (updated)

The document outlines a human gas exchange exercise, focusing on the mechanics of breathing, lung structure, and the effects of conditions like asthma and smoking. It includes questions about the function of respiratory structures, the path of air, and experiments to measure carbon dioxide and oxygen levels in inhaled and exhaled air. The document is structured to assess understanding of respiratory physiology and related experiments.

Uploaded by

William
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: Bio 4 X1 / X2 / X3 ( ) Date:

Human Gas Exchange Ex 1


1. a) Briefly describe the breathing actions that bring air into the lungs. (4 marks)

b) In the following diagrams, Diagram I shows some structures of a human lung while Diagram II shows a
collapsed lung if it is ruptured at location Y:

Explain why the lung collapses if it is ruptured at location Y. (2 marks)

2. The following diagram shows part of a human respiratory system.

a) Name structure X and describe its function. (3 marks)

4-3 Human Gas Exchange Ex 1 1


Name: Bio 4 X1 / X2 / X3 ( ) Date:

2. b) Construct a flowchart to show the path of air passing from the atmosphere to the air sacs of the lungs.

(2 marks)

c) Asthma is a respiratory disease. When it attacks, structure Y constricts and the patient will have breathing
difficulty. Explain the effect of asthma on the rate of removal of carbon dioxide from the blood of the
lungs. (4 marks)

3. The diagram below shows the structure of an air sac of the human lung. The tidal air refers to the air that can be
breathed in and out of the body in each breath. The residual air refers to the air that cannot be exchanged with
the atmosphere during breathing.

a) Describe how oxygen in the tidal air reaches the blood. (3 marks)

b) i) If a person breathes deeply, how will the volume of tidal air inhaled be affected? (1 mark)

4-3 Human Gas Exchange Ex 1 2


Name: Bio 4 X1 / X2 / X3 ( ) Date:

3. b) ii) Based on your answer to (i), explain the effect of deep breathing on the rate of oxygen uptake in the
blood. (2 marks)

c) Explain one effect of smoking on the process described in (a). (2 marks)

4. The diagram below shows a set-up which can be used to compare the carbon dioxide content of inhaled and
exhaled air. To obtain results, a person breathes in and out through the mouthpiece.

a) Draw arrows on this diagram to show the direction which air would take place in passing through the
apparatus. (1 mark)

b) Name a suitable carbon dioxide indicator which could be used in this set-up. (1 mark)

c) Describe the results you would expect in each of test tubes A and B if a person breathed in and out through
the mouthpiece several times. (2 marks)

4-3 Human Gas Exchange Ex 1 3


Name: Bio 4 X1 / X2 / X3 ( ) Date:

4. d) i) Describe an experiment you can perform in the school laboratory to compare the oxygen content of
inhaled and exhaled air. (4 marks)

ii) Describe and explain the results you expect to get. (2 marks)

4-3 Human Gas Exchange Ex 1 4

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