Name : MR.

TEJKAMAL KOSHLE
Age/Gender : 35 years / Male Ref. Doctor : C G GOVT DENTAL HOSPITAL MEDID : 527892
Sample Type : Serum Collected : 27/02/2025, 02:39 PM
Sample ID : 243677349 Received : 27/02/2025, 02:51 PM
Client Name : 2CGRPR017 Reported : 27/02/2025, 03:48 PM

BIOCHEMISTRY

TEST DESCRIPTION RESULT UNITS REFERENCE RANGES

Liver Function Profile

Bilirubin Total 0.5 mg/dL 0 - 1.0
(Method: Diazo Method)
Bilirubin Direct 0.1 mg/dL 0 - 0.3
(Method: Diazo method)
Bilirubin Indirect 0.4 mg/dL 0 - 1.0
(Method: Calculated)
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 67 U/L 50 - 136
(Method: PNPP, AMP Buffer)
Alanine Transaminase (ALT/SGPT) 16 U/L Upto 41
(Method: UV without pyridoxal -5- phosphate)
Aspartate Aminotransferase(AST/SGOT) 33 U/L Upto 40
(Method: IFCC Without Pyridoxal Phosphate)
Y- Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) 16 U/L 8 - 61
(Method: glutamyl-carboxynitroanilide)
Protein Total 6.4 g/dL 6.4 - 8.3
(Method: Biuret)
Albumin 3.6 g/dL 3.5 - 5.4
(Method: Bromcresol Green)
Globulin 2.80 g/dl 2.5 - 3.5
(Method: Calculated)
Albumin/Globulin 1.29 Ratio 1.0 - 2.1
(Method: Calculated)
Interpretation:
LFT results reflect different aspects of the health of the liver, i.e., hepatocyte integrity(AST & ALT),synthesis and secretion of bile (Bilirubin ,ALP),cholestasis (ALP,GGT),protein synthesis (Albumin).
1. Hepatocellular injury:
• AST-Elevated levels can be seen. However,it is not specific to liver and can be raised in cardiac and skeletal injuries.
• ALT -Elevated levels indicate hepatocellular damage. It is considered to be most specific lab test for hepatocellular injury.
Values also correlate well with increasing BMI.
• Disproportinate increase in AST,ALT compared with ALP.
• Bilirubin may be elevated.
• AST: ALT (ratio) - In case of hepatocellular injury AST : ALT >1
In Alcoholic Liver Disease AST : ALT usually >2
This ratio is also seen to be increased in NAFLD ,Wilsons's disease, Cirrhosis ,but the increase is usually not >2
2. Cholestatic pattern:
• ALP - Disproportinate increase in ALP compared with AST,ALT.
• Bilirubin may be elevated.
• ALP elevation also seen in pregnancy,impacted by age and sex.
• To establish the hepatic origin correlation with GGT helps. If GGT elevated indicates hepatic cause of increased ALP.
3. Synthesis function impairment:
• Albumin - Liver disease reduces albumin levels. Correlation with PT (Prothrombin Time ) helps.

**END OF REPORT**

This is an electronically authenticated report. Report Printed Date: 27/02/2025, 06:12 PM

NOTE: Assay results should be correlated clinically with other clinical findings and the total clinical status of the patient.

Page 1 of 2
Name : MR. TEJKAMAL KOSHLE
Age/Gender : 35 years / Male Ref. Doctor : C G GOVT DENTAL HOSPITAL MEDID : 527892
Sample Type : Serum Collected : 27/02/2025, 02:39 PM
Sample ID : 243677349 Received : 27/02/2025, 02:51 PM
Client Name : 2CGRPR017 Reported : 27/02/2025, 04:55 PM

CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

TEST DESCRIPTION RESULT UNITS REFERENCE RANGES

Kidney Basic screen

Creatinine 0.8 mg/dL 0.7 - 1.4
(Method: Jaffe Kinetic)
Urea 15 mg/dL Upto 50
(Method: Urease)
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) 7.01 mg/dL 7 - 18
(Method: Calculated)
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)/Creatinine 8.76 Ratio 6 - 22
(Method: Calculated)
Sodium 140 mmol/L 135 - 145
(Method: ISE)
Potassium 4.4 mmol/L 3.8 - 5.2
(Method: ISE)
Chloride 111 mmol/L 94 - 108
(Method: ISE)
Uric Acid 2.5 mg/dL 3.4 - 7.0
(Method: mg/dL)
Interpretation:
Creatinine: Muscles produce creatinine, a waste product, from creatine phosphate, a substance that stores a lot of energy. Unlike urea, the amount of
creatinine generated is constant and mostly depends on muscle mass. Age, gender, race, muscularity, exercise, pregnancy, and several other
physiulogical characteristics can all have an impact on serum creatinine levels. Decreased serum Creatinine is associated with increasing Age and poor
muscle mass, such as muscular atrophy. Both acute and chronic renal disease and blockage are associated with elevated blood creatinine levels.
Creatinine is not an appropriate indicator for identifying kidney disease in its early stages since an increase in blood creatinine is only seen when there is
significant nephron damage.
High Urea, Uric Acid, and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) could indicate poor renal function, in addition to other etiulogies
Sodium:
• Low levels: prulonged vomiting or diarrhea, diminished reabsorption in the kidney, and excessive fluid retention. Pseudo-hyponatremia is a
laboratory artifact. It is usually caused by hypertriglyceridemia, chulestasis (lipoprotein X), and hyperproteinemia (monoclonal gammopathy,
intravenous immunoglobulin [IVIG]). Diluted sampling should also be suspected in such cases and confirmed on a repeat fresh sample if indicated
clinically.
• High levels: excessive fluid loss, high salt intake, and increased kidney reabsorption.
Potassium:
• Low levels: reduced intake of dietary potassium or excessive loss of potassium from the body due to diarrhea, prulonged vomiting, or increased
renal excretion.
• High levels: dehydration or shock, severe burns, hemulysis, diabetic ketoacidosis, and retention of potassium by the kidney. Pseudohyperkalemia,
which may result from a hemulysis or aged sample, should always be ruled out by doing a repeat electrulyte estimation on a fresh sample, as
clinically indicated.
Chloride:
• Low levels are noted in reduced dietary intake, prulonged vomiting, and reduced renal reabsorption, as well as some forms of acidosis and alkalosis.
• High levels are found in dehydration, kidney failure, some forms of acidosis, high dietary or parenteral chloride intake, and salicylate poisoning

**END OF REPORT**

This is an electronically authenticated report. Report Printed Date: 27/02/2025, 06:12 PM

NOTE: Assay results should be correlated clinically with other clinical findings and the total clinical status of the patient.

Page 2 of 2