●​ Which media issue is likely influencing this

Development narrative about social mobility and race?

●​ A) Classism in Media
Communication Practice ●​ B) Cultural Relativism
●​ C) Symbolic Production of Reality
Quiz ●​ D) Queer Representation

5. News reports frequently link terrorism in

1. A news broadcast highlights a wealthy
Mindanao to Muslims, while rarely covering other
businessman's achievements and charity work while
aspects of Islamic culture in the Philippines.
briefly mentioning a low-income community
struggling with unemployment. ●​ This situation demonstrates:
●​ A) Social Action Theory
●​ What concept best explains the difference in
●​ B) Hypodermic Needle Theory
representation between social classes in
●​ C) Religious Stereotyping
media?
●​ D) Uses and Gratification Theory
●​ A) Cultural Relativism
●​ B) Classism in Media 6. In a televised documentary, indigenous people are
●​ C) Symbolic Interactionism portrayed only in traditional settings, such as rituals
●​ D) Uses and Gratification Theory or tribal attire, rather than in contemporary roles.

2. A television series regularly depicts women as ●​ This selective portrayal reflects which
homemakers who depend on men, while men are concept?
shown as dominant figures in business and politics. ●​ A) Agenda Setting
●​ B) Cultural Relativism
●​ Which media effect theory would best
●​ C) Stereotyping and Underrepresentation
explain the impact this portrayal could have
●​ D) Media Dependency Theory
on audience perceptions of gender roles?
●​ A) Cultivation Theory 7. Social media influencers often portray luxurious
●​ B) Two-Step Flow Model lifestyles, making such standards appear attainable
●​ C) Agenda-Setting Theory for the average viewer.
●​ D) Hypodermic Needle Theory
●​ According to Cultivation Theory, what
3. A talk show invites middle-class experts to discuss impact might this have on viewers?
poverty issues, excluding any voices from the actual ●​ A) Viewers develop a realistic
low-income community. understanding of wealth.
●​ B) Viewers become indifferent to wealth.
●​ This scenario reflects which common media
●​ C) Viewers may cultivate distorted
issue?
perceptions of financial realities.
●​ A) Media Convergence
●​ D) Viewers decrease consumption of media
●​ B) Underrepresentation
content.
●​ C) Agenda Setting
●​ D) Ideological State Apparatus 8. A news channel emphasizes crime stories
involving minority groups while reporting less on
4. A character in a Filipino teleserye rises from
similar crimes committed by non-minority groups.
poverty to success, often facing obstacles like gang
involvement and limited opportunities due to their ●​ Which theory would best analyze this
background. pattern in media coverage?
●​ A) Social Action Theory
 ●​ B) Minimal Effects Model ●​ This portrayal is an example of:
●​ C) Agenda-Setting Theory ●​ A) Media Dependency Theory
●​ D) Media Dependency Theory ●​ B) Cultural Relativism
●​ C) Stereotyping and Bias
9. A study shows that after years of consuming crime ●​ D) Social Action Theory
drama shows, viewers believe violence is more
prevalent in society than statistics indicate. 14. A magazine article argues that wealth equates to
happiness, showcasing the lives of celebrities and
●​ This scenario is an example of: their luxurious lifestyles.
●​ A) Media Dependency Theory
●​ B) Two-Step Flow Model ●​ Which media effect does this illustrate?
●​ C) Cultivation Theory ●​ A) Symbolic Production of Reality
●​ D) Hypodermic Needle Theory ●​ B) Social Legacy Theory
●​ C) Uses and Gratification Theory
10. In a comedy show, a gay character is always ●​ D) Classism in Media
shown as the “funny sidekick,” rarely given serious
or leading roles. 15. A news station avoids covering a political scandal
involving powerful figures due to pressure from
●​ This is an example of: advertisers.
●​ A) Agenda Setting
●​ B) Queer Representation and Stereotyping ●​ This scenario reflects which theory of media
●​ C) Symbolic Interactionism influence?
●​ D) Social Action Theory ●​ A) Ideological State Apparatus
●​ B) Two-Step Flow Model
11. An advertisement suggests that buying a certain ●​ C) Minimal Effects Model
product will make you more popular, focusing on the ●​ D) Cultivation Theory
desire for social acceptance.
16. A social media trend promotes traditional gender
●​ Which media theory would analyze this roles by encouraging women to focus on family care
approach? and household duties.
●​ A) Minimal Effects Model
●​ B) Uses and Gratification Theory ●​ What media concept best explains this
●​ C) Two-Step Flow Model reinforcement of gender norms?
●​ D) Agenda Setting ●​ A) Symbolic Interactionism
●​ B) Agenda-Setting Theory
12. A news outlet chooses to focus heavily on ●​ C) Cultivation Theory
national elections while briefly covering local ●​ D) Social Action Theory
community issues.
17. An online platform uses algorithms to personalize
●​ What media concept explains this the content you see, often reinforcing your existing
prioritization of topics? views and interests.
●​ A) Cultivation Theory
●​ B) Agenda-Setting Theory ●​ Which concept is best demonstrated here?
●​ C) Hypodermic Needle Theory ●​ A) Media Dependency Theory
●​ D) Social Action Theory ●​ B) Ideological State Apparatus
●​ C) Social Cohesion Theory
13. In a popular movie, an immigrant character is ●​ D) Echo Chamber Effect
portrayed as dangerous and untrustworthy.
18. A drama series often casts women in roles where ●​ This type of gender portrayal could reinforce
they are the victim or dependent on male characters which social issue?
for rescue. ●​ A) Media Dependency
●​ B) Underrepresentation and Gender Bias
●​ This pattern in media is an example of: ●​ C) Agenda Setting
●​ A) Minimal Effects Model ●​ D) Uses and Gratification
●​ B) Gender Stereotyping
●​ C) Ritual View of Communication 23. A school curriculum encourages students to
●​ D) Two-Step Flow Model analyze media critically, including understanding
class biases in reporting and representation.
19. A news article focuses on an individual’s criminal
behavior rather than exploring social factors ●​ What skill is being fostered through this
contributing to crime in low-income areas. approach?
●​ A) Cultural Relativism
●​ Which concept explains this narrow ●​ B) Media Literacy
perspective in reporting? ●​ C) Ritual Communication
●​ A) Classism in Media ●​ D) Symbolic Interactionism
●​ B) Cultural Relativism
●​ C) Media Dependency Theory 24. News coverage of criminal cases in a specific
●​ D) Ideological State Apparatus neighborhood focuses on the ethnicity of the
suspects, while similar cases in other neighborhoods
20. A celebrity uses their platform to voice their omit ethnic details.
opinion on environmental issues, influencing their
followers to support eco-friendly policies. ●​ Which issue is most relevant in this
situation?
●​ Which model of media influence does this ●​ A) Racial Stereotyping in Media
illustrate? ●​ B) Media Convergence
●​ A) Hypodermic Needle Theory ●​ C) Two-Step Flow Theory
●​ B) Agenda-Setting Theory ●​ D) Hypodermic Needle Theory
●​ C) Two-Step Flow Model
●​ D) Media Dependency Theory 25. A social media influencer continually posts about
high-end products and luxury destinations, portraying
21. A television series repeatedly showcases these as normal lifestyle choices.
characters from rural areas as less educated and
dependent on urban professionals for success. ●​ Which media effect could this pattern
contribute to among viewers?
●​ Which concept best describes the impact of ●​ A) Internalization of Classism
these repeated portrayals on viewers' ●​ B) Cultural Relativism
perceptions of rural communities? ●​ C) Minimal Effects Model
●​ A) Symbolic Production of Reality ●​ D) Social Action Theory
●​ B) Cultural Relativism
●​ C) Classism and Media Stereotyping 26. During a public debate, a politician claims that
●​ D) Media Convergence their cultural beliefs make their stance on an issue
superior to others, dismissing other viewpoints as
22. A news channel highlights the role of women as irrelevant.
victims more often than as leaders or experts in news
reports, while men are regularly featured as ●​ This scenario could best be analyzed using
authoritative figures. which concept?
●​ A) Cultural Relativism
 ●​ B) Classism in Media 31. An advertisement campaign suggests that certain
●​ C) Ideological State Apparatus luxury products are essential for happiness and social
●​ D) Symbolic Interactionism status.

27. A popular documentary series shows indigenous ●​ This strategy relies on which concept?
cultures only through exotic and ceremonial ●​ A) Cultural Relativism
practices, rarely covering their modern lives or ●​ B) Classism and Materialism
contributions to society. ●​ C) Ritual View of Communication
●​ D) Media Convergence
●​ This portrayal demonstrates which issue in
media? 32. A TV drama regularly depicts working-class
●​ A) Agenda-Setting Bias characters as irresponsible or lazy, while upper-class
●​ B) Stereotyping and Underrepresentation characters are portrayed as ambitious and intelligent.
●​ C) Cultural Relativism
●​ D) Ritual View of Communication ●​ This representation can lead to which social
perception?
28. A news report discussing poverty primarily ●​ A) Symbolic Interactionism
features individual stories, without addressing ●​ B) Class Stereotyping and Bias
broader economic policies or social inequalities. ●​ C) Ideological State Apparatus
●​ D) Media Dependency Theory
●​ This reporting style is an example of:
●​ A) Social Action Theory 33. During election season, most media channels
●​ B) Two-Step Flow Model focus on the achievements of high-profile candidates,
●​ C) Individualization of Poverty while candidates with lower budgets are barely
●​ D) Agenda Setting covered.

29. In a show, a character repeatedly emphasizes that ●​ This situation is an example of which media
poverty is a personal failure rather than a result of concept?
systemic issues. ●​ A) Agenda Setting
●​ B) Two-Step Flow Model
●​ Which concept best explains the impact of ●​ C) Social Cohesion
this narrative on audience beliefs? ●​ D) Cultural Relativism
●​ A) Symbolic Interactionism
●​ B) False Consciousness 34. A popular youth magazine regularly features
●​ C) Minimal Effects Theory articles on weight loss and beauty products, implying
●​ D) Hypodermic Needle Theory that physical appearance is essential for success.

30. A social experiment finds that viewers exposed to ●​ This repeated message is an example of:
frequent crime news coverage believe crime rates are ●​ A) Media Dependency Theory
higher than they actually are. ●​ B) Gender Stereotyping
●​ C) Ideological State Apparatus
●​ This belief is an example of which media ●​ D) Social Action Theory
theory?
●​ A) Cultivation Theory 35. An online news platform only shows political
●​ B) Agenda-Setting Theory stories that align with the beliefs of the company’s
●​ C) Uses and Gratification Theory owners, minimizing opposing views.
●​ D) Two-Step Flow Model
●​ This practice can lead to which of the
following issues?
 ●​ A) Cultivation Effect 40. An investigative report focuses on the impact of
●​ B) Bias Reinforcement and Echo Chambers economic policies on different social classes,
●​ C) Cultural Relativism emphasizing the disparity between wealthy and
●​ D) Symbolic Interactionism low-income groups.

36. A series portrays people of color as primarily ●​ This type of reporting is an example of:
involved in crime, ignoring stories that show them in ●​ A) Agenda-Setting Theory
other roles. ●​ B) Class Consciousness
●​ C) Two-Step Flow Model
●​ This representation contributes to: ●​ D) Media Convergence
●​ A) Media Convergence
●​ B) Racial Stereotyping 41. A news network often portrays young activists as
●​ C) Uses and Gratification Theory “radicals” or “troublemakers” while presenting older
●​ D) Agenda-Setting Theory politicians as “experienced” and “trustworthy.”

37. A celebrity uses their platform to encourage fans ●​ This type of representation contributes to:
to adopt healthy habits, influencing their followers’ ●​ A) Age Stereotyping and Bias
attitudes towards wellness. ●​ B) Agenda-Setting Theory
●​ C) Symbolic Interactionism
●​ This situation reflects which communication ●​ D) Media Dependency Theory
model?
●​ A) Social Action Theory 42. A public service announcement aims to
●​ B) Agenda-Setting Theory discourage smoking by showing negative health
●​ C) Two-Step Flow Model impacts in graphic detail, targeting younger
●​ D) Hypodermic Needle Theory audiences.

38. A popular movie franchise glamorizes the lives of ●​ This approach reflects which theory?
the wealthy, showing little of the struggles of ●​ A) Hypodermic Needle Theory
everyday people. ●​ B) Two-Step Flow Model
●​ C) Minimal Effects Model
●​ According to Cultivation Theory, what ●​ D) Cultural Relativism
effect might this portrayal have on viewers?
●​ A) Increased empathy for the wealthy 43. In a television ad, an ideal family is shown as
●​ B) Development of unrealistic views of wealthy, with both parents in high-status jobs, which
wealth may lead viewers to idealize wealth as part of family
●​ C) Decreased interest in luxury lifestyles success.
●​ D) Greater media literacy
●​ Which theory or concept best describes this
39. A local radio show emphasizes the importance of impact?
staying informed on community issues, featuring ●​ A) Social Action Theory
diverse opinions from local residents. ●​ B) Cultivation Theory
●​ C) Media Dependency Theory
●​ This type of media approach encourages: ●​ D) Echo Chamber Effect
●​ A) Media Dependency Theory
●​ B) Community Engagement and Social 44. A character in a show expresses prejudice against
Cohesion another character based on their religious
●​ C) Classism in Media background, which is depicted as humorous.
●​ D) Stereotyping and Bias
●​ This portrayal could promote which issue?
 ●​ A) Cultural Relativism 49. An organization creates a digital campaign
●​ B) Religious Stereotyping highlighting poverty in remote areas, emphasizing the
●​ C) Classism in Media need for government support and reforms.
●​ D) Agenda Setting
●​ This approach is an example of:
45. A fashion magazine repeatedly features ●​ A) Class Consciousness and Advocacy
light-skinned models and suggests that lighter skin ●​ B) Media Convergence
tones are more desirable, ignoring diverse skin tones. ●​ C) Symbolic Interactionism
●​ D) Ideological State Apparatus
●​ This trend reflects which issue in media?
●​ A) Ideological State Apparatus 50. A popular film series casts villains as characters
●​ B) Racial and Beauty Bias with foreign accents, while heroes always speak in a
●​ C) Social Cohesion neutral or local accent.
●​ D) Two-Step Flow Model
●​ This pattern can contribute to:
46. A documentary examines the history of an ●​ A) Cultural Relativism
indigenous group, yet focuses solely on outdated ●​ B) Accent Bias and Stereotyping
customs without presenting modern developments or ●​ C) Agenda-Setting Theory
accomplishments. ●​ D) Echo Chamber Effect

●​ This selective focus is an example of:

●​ A) Cultural Relativism
●​ B) Stereotyping and Historical Bias Essay Questions
●​ C) Symbolic Interactionism
●​ D) Media Dependency Theory 1. Discuss the impact of classism in media, especially
in the representation of different social classes in
47. In an ad, a woman is shown as highly emotional Philippine teleseryes. How do these portrayals shape
while her male counterpart is depicted as logical and societal attitudes toward wealth and poverty?
rational, reflecting traditional gender roles.
2. Analyze the roles of the Hypodermic Needle
●​ This portrayal is an example of: Theory and the Cultivation Theory in shaping
●​ A) Gender Stereotyping viewers' perceptions of violence and crime. Which
●​ B) Agenda-Setting Theory theory do you think better explains the media’s
●​ C) Media Convergence impact on public perceptions of safety? Explain your
●​ D) Cultural Relativism reasoning with examples.

48. News coverage of a protest primarily emphasizes 3. Examine the role of media in reinforcing gender
the disruptions caused, with little focus on the actual stereotypes. How do repeated portrayals of traditional
issues the protesters are raising. gender roles in advertising and television impact
societal expectations of men and women?
●​ This reporting style can best be explained
by: 4. Reflect on the concept of cultural relativism. Why
●​ A) Media Dependency Theory is it essential for media portrayals of various cultural
●​ B) Agenda Setting and Bias and ethnic groups to adopt a culturally relativistic
●​ C) Social Cohesion approach? How might this approach help reduce
●​ D) Uses and Gratification Theory stereotypes and biases?

5. Media often focuses more on the stories of

individual hardship rather than broader systemic
issues like poverty and inequality. Discuss how this
focus on individualization might affect the public’s
understanding of poverty and social mobility.

6. Explain the role of the Agenda-Setting Theory in

media. How does it help the media establish the
hierarchy of issues for the public? Provide an
example of a recent event or issue that was prioritized
by the media, and discuss its impact on public
opinion.

7. Stereotyping of religious groups in media is an

ongoing issue, particularly in the representation of
Muslims. Analyze the effects of associating certain
religious groups with negative stereotypes. How
could the media shift to more balanced portrayals to
foster better understanding?

8. Compare and contrast the roles of the Two-Step

Flow Model and Social Action Theory in media
communication. How do these theories differ in
explaining how audiences interpret and act upon
media messages?

9. Discuss how the use of symbolic interactionism

can help us understand how media creates and
sustains cultural norms. How do symbols, language,
and repeated media images contribute to the
“production of reality” in society?

10. Evaluate the role of media in representing

indigenous and minority cultures. How does selective
representation (e.g., focusing on traditional customs
over modern lifestyles) affect these groups’ visibility
and identity in broader society?