writing task 1 14_6_24 - Google Tài liệu
writing task 1 14_6_24 - Google Tài liệu
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during 2014.
Average monthly change in prices of copper, nickel and zinc (2014)
he line graph reveals information on the average monthly change in the expenditure of three
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different metals in 2014. Units are measured in percent (%).
rom an overall perspective, there wasa downward trend in the figure for the change
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among three chosen metalsCopper, Nickel and Zinc during 2014. In January, the figure for
average monthly change in prices of Nickel appeared to be by far the largest one, with just 6%,
whereas the corresponding figures for Zinc and Copper were found to be approximately 2% and
about 1%, respectively.
It is interesting to note thatCopper's figures fluctuated between-0.5% and 2% throughout the
year, ending at nearly 2% in December. In comparisonwith the lowest group, the figure recorded
for Nicker ranged from -3% to 1% from March to December,stabilizing at 1%at the end of the
year.
he chart below shows the number of households in the US by their annual
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income in 2007, 2011 and 2015.
rom an overall perspective, there was a significant difference in the amount of money spent on
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households among three chosen years. Actually, the figure given for households that cost
$100,000 or more appeared to be by far the largest onewhich was followed by the
corresponding figure of $25,000-$49,999 households and those of less than $25,000.
Nevertheless, the figure recorded for households that cost $75,000-$99,999 was observed to be
the lowest one.
urprisingly, the number of households that cost $100,000 or more in 2011 witnessed a
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considerable decrease in 2011, with about 25 MH,being lower that that of $25,000-$49,999
households and households that cost less than $25,000.In fact, these figures were found to
be just under 30 MH and about 28 MH, respectively.
It is interesting to note that the figure recorded for $50,000-$74,999 householdsremained the
same with just 20 MH throughout 2007-2015. In terms of the remaining group, households
that cost $75,000-$99,999 experienced a fluctuation around 15 MH in the whole period, being
the lowest oneamong five different costs of US households by annual income.
he graph below gives information about the percentage of the population in four
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Asian countries living in cities from 1970 to 2020, with predictions for 2030 and
2040
he line graph reveals information on the population rate among four chosen Asian countries
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living in cities in 1970-2020, with predictions for 2030 and 2040. Units are measured in percent
(%).
rom an overall perspective,it is predicted that there will be a significant increasein the
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percentage of population in Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia. By the year 1970,
the figure given for city dwellers in the Philippines appeared to be by far the largest one, with
approximately 31% which was followed by that of Malaysia and Thailand, with 30% and just
under 20%,respectively. Nevertheless, the figure observed for city population in Indonesia was
found to be the lowest one, with only about 14%.
urprisingly, the figure recorded for population living in urban areas in Indonesiastood at the
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lowest one in the year 1970, then a dramatic growth in this figure is foreseen after 70
years, to 60% by 2040 - a huge growth of almost 5 times. Conversely, the corresponding figure
of inhabitants living in cities in the Philippinesis expected to decrease slightlyfrom 1990 to
2010, and then will experience a slight increase in 2010-2040.
It is interesting to note that the urban population in Thailandis foreseen to rise considerably
across 1970-2040, going up to about 20% after 70 years. In comparison with the remaining
group, the figure given for city dwellers in Malaysia rose significantly in the first 50 years, then
predicted to keep going and stay at almost 80%, being the city that has the highest city
population.
he bar chart below shows the percentage of Australian men and women in
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different age groups who did regular physical activity in 2010.
he bar chart reveals information on the percentage of Australian men and women doing
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regular physical activity in 2010. Units are measured in percent (%).
rom an overall perspective, there was a significant difference in the percentage of Australian
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male and female in different age groups doing regular exercise in 2010.In terms of women,
the figure given for population aged 45-54 appeared to be by far the largest one, with 53.3%,
which wasfollowed by that of those aged 35-44 and 55-64. Actually, these figures were found
to be 52.5% and 53%, in that order.
urprisingly, the population aged 15-24seemed to be an age group having the highest rate
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of doing regular exercise for Australian men, with 52.8%, followed by the corresponding
figure of those aged 65+ and 55-64, respectively. Nevertheless, the lowest percentage of male
doing regular physical activity was found to be on population aged 35-44, while the
corresponding figure of women was observed to be on those aged 65+, with 47.1%.
It is interesting to note that all the remaining figures for Australian men and women ranged from
42.2% to 47.7%.Overall, the percentage of Australian women doing regular exercise was
significantly higher than that of men in the vast majority of age groups, excepting for
people aged 15-24. and 65+.
he bar chart provides information about how often people in the USA spent ate fast
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food from 2003 to 2013.
he bar chart reveals information on the frequency of American people eating fast food going to
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fast food restaurants in three selected years 2003, 2006 and 2013. Units are measured in
percent (%).
rom an overall perspective, there was a significant difference inthe frequency of people
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consuming fast food in the USAbetween 2003 and 2013. Actually, the figure given for
American people going to fast food restaurants Once a week and Once or twice a month
appeared to be by far the largest one, with over 25%, whereas the corresponding figure for
people Never eating fast food and people consuming fast food Everyday was found to be the
lowest, with under 5%.
urprisingly, the figure observed for people eating fast food Once a week was recorded to be
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the highest in 2003 and 2006, with approximately 32% and nearly 34%, respectively, excepting
for the year 2013. In 2013, the highest percentage was found to be on people eating fast food
Once or twice a month, with almost 33%.
It is interesting to note that the frequency of people consuming fast food Several times a week
and A few times a year ranged from roughly 13% to almost 20%. In comparison with the lowest
group, the percentage of people eating fast food Every day and Never eating fast food was
found to be around 2.5% and just under 5%.
he charts below show the average percentages in typical meals of three types of
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nutrients, all of which may be unhealthy if eaten too much.
he three pie charts reveal information on the average percentage of three types of unhealthy
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nutrients- sodium, saturated fats, and added sugars - consumed by typical American meals.
Units are measured in percent (%).
It is interesting to note that the remaining figures of unhealthy nutrients eaten in lunch range
from 19% to 29%. In comparison with the lowest group, the rate of Americans consuming
sodium, saturated fat and added sugars in breakfast was found to be at around 14% and 16%.
he chart below shows the value of one country’s exports in various categories
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during 2015 and 2016. The table shows the percentage change in each category
of exports in 2016 compared with 2015.
he bar chart reveals information on the value of one country’s exports in the five selected
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categories in 2015 and 2016, while the table represents the percentage change in exports of
every single sector in 2016 and 2015.
It is clear from the bar chart that the figure for Petroleum products appeared to be by far the
largest one among the six chosen categories of exports in 2015 and 2016, with approximately
$60 billion and nearly $62 billion, respectively. Nevertheless, the corresponding figure for
Textiles was found to be the lowest one in 2015 and 2016, with about $27 billion and nearly $31
billion, in that order.
urning into the table, the percentage change for Textiles was observed to be the highest
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between 2015 and 2016, with a huge growth of 15.24%. Conversely, the figure for Petroleum
productsincreased slightly by 3% during the two years 2015-2016, while that of Engineering
goods rose dramatically by 8.5%.With respect tothe Agricultural products and Gems and
jewelry, the figure for Agricultural productswent up only 0.81%, whereasthe percentage
change for Gems and jewelry decreased moderately by 5.18%.
he chart below shows the percentage of households in owned and rented
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accommodation in England and Wales between 1918 and 2011.
he chart reveals information on the rate of households owning and renting accommodation in
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England and Wales in 1918-2011. Units are measured in percent (%).
rom an overall perspective, there wasa significant upward trend in the percentage of
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those owning households, whilethe proportion of renting properties decreased
substantially during this time frame. Actually, the figure given forhouseholds in England
and Wales living in rented accommodationappeared to be by far the largest one, with
approximately 80% in 1918. Nevertheless, all the remaining figures of households living in their
own homesranged from just over 20% to about 40% across 1918-1961, being significantly
lower than that of their counterparts.
It is interesting to note that the figure observed for both households living in their own houses
and those living in rented properties was found to be about 50% in the year 1971,then an
opposite tendency appeared among these two types of accommodation in the following
years. In fact,home ownership continued its rising trend to reach a peak of close to 70%
in 2001, then declined slightly by roughly 5% in 2011.
he bar chart below shows the top ten countries for the production and
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consumption of electricity in 2014.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and
make comparisons were relevant.
he bar chart reveals information on the ten selected countrieswith the highest production
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and consumption of electricityin 2014. Units are measured in billion kWh.
rom an overall perspective, there was a significant difference in the amount of electricity
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production and consumption among ten chosen countries, namely China, the United States,
Russia, Japan, India, Canada, France, Brazil, Germany and Korea, Rep. in the year 2014.
Actually, the figures forelectricity production and consumption in Chinaappeared to be by
far the largest one, with 5,398 billion kWh and 5,322 billion kWh, respectively. Nevertheless, the
corresponding figures forthe Republic of Korea was found to be the lowest one, with 485.1
billion kWh and 449.5 billion kWh, in that order.
It is interesting to note that the figure for electricity production was slightly higher thanthe
majority of their counterparts in most countries, excepting for Germany. In fact, theamount
ofelectricity produced in this country was found to be 526.6 billion kWh in 2014, being
significantly lower than the consumption of electricity.
he graph below shows the number of tourists visiting a particular Caribbean
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island between 2010 and 2017.
he line graph reveals information on the number of tourists traveling a Caribbean island from
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2010 to 2017. Units are measured in millions of visitors.
rom an overall perspective, there was an upward trend in the figure for visitors staying on
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cruise ships and those staying on island in 2010-2017, including the total number of visitors. By
the year 2010, the figure recorded for the total number of tourists visiting a Caribbean island
was only 1 million visitors (MV), followed by the corresponding figures of those staying on
cruise ships and those staying on the island, with almost 0.25 MV and approximately 0.75 MV,
respectively. In fact, these figuresseemed to be significantly low before experiencing a
significant increase in the following years.
urprisingly, the figure for tourists choosing to stay on the island was considerably higher than
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those choosing cruise ships in the starting year 2010, with roughly 0.75 MV. However, the
number of tourists staying on boatswitnessed a remarkable growthfrom almost 0.25 MV in
2010 to about 2 MV in 2017,marking an eightfold increase compared to the initial year.
It is interesting to note that the number of visitors staying on the islandranged from
approximately 0.75 to roughly 1.5 MV during the period 2011-2015 beforeexperiencing a
moderate declineto nearly 1.25 million visitorsin 2016.Nevertheless,this figuresaw a
significant riseby the end of the period,reaching approximately 1.5 MV in 2017.
he chart below shows the results of a survey about people’s coffee and
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tea buying and drinking habits in five Australian cities.
he chart reveals information on the consumption of coffee and tea by Australian people in five
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selected cities. Units are measured in percent (%).
rom an overall perspective, there was a significant differencein the buying and drinking
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habits of coffee and tea of city dwellersin Australia in the last 4 weeks. Notably, the
proportion ofurban residentsvisiting cafes for coffee or tea in Melbourne and Hobart appeared
to be by far the largest one, with approximately 64%, followed by the corresponding figures of
people in Sydney and Brisbane. These figures were approximately 62% and 56%, respectively.
urprisingly,the proportion of urban residents purchasing fresh coffeeover the past four
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weeks was determined to be the lowest one among five chosen cities,ranging from around
34% to about 44%. Nevertheless, the percentage ofindividuals opting to visit a cafe for
coffee or tea was observed to be the highest in most urban areas, excepting for Adelaide.
Notably,the rate of instant coffee purchases in Adelaide exceeded the number of
individuals visiting cafes for coffee or tea in the same period.
It is interesting to note that the proportion of urban residentsconsuming instant coffee varied
significantly over the past four weeks, ranging at around 45% and 55%. In comparison with
the lowest group, the figure for the consumption of fresh coffee by city dwellers in Brisbane and
Adelaide was found to be the lowest one, with just under 35%.
he chart below shows what Anthropology graduates from one university did after
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finishing their undergraduate degree course. The table shows the salaries of the
anthropologists in work after five years.
he pie chart reveals information on the destination of Anthropology graduates after completing
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their undergraduate program, while the table represents the income of Anthropologists after five
years of working. Units are measured in percent (%).
It is clear from the pie chart that the percentage of anthropology graduates working full-time
accounted for by far the largest one, with 52% which was followed by the corresponding figures
fortheir counterparts working part-time and those being unemployed, with 15% and 12%,
respectively. Nevertheless, the figure for thoseworking full-time and studying postgraduate
simultaneouslywas found to be the lowest one, with 5%. In terms of the two remaining groups,
the proportion of those studying full-time and those being unknown for their current situations
constituted 8%.
urning into the table, 80% of anthropologists working as freelance consultants earned more
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than $75,000 after 5 years of work, whereasonly 5% of those received between $25,000 and
$49,999.With respect to the government sector, 50% of anthropology graduates earned
more than $100,000 after five years of working,while 20% of their counterparts got between
$25,000 and $74,999.For anthropologists working at private companies, 30% of those earned
more than $100,000 after 5 years, whilst 35% of anthropologists working in this sector received
between $50,000 and $74,000.
he charts below show the percentage of water used for different purposes in
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six areas of the world.
he six pie charts reveal information on the proportion of water used for three selected
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purposes (Agricultural Use, Domestic Use and Industrial Use) in six locations worldwide. Units
are measured in percent (%).
rom an overall perspective, there was a significant difference in the percentage of water usage
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for Agriculture, Industry and Domestic. Actually, the figure given for Agriculture accounted for
the largest oneamong three chosen purposes of water in the vast majority of areas in the
world,with over 70%, excepting for North America and Europe. These figurescomprised of
39% and 32%, respectively.
It is interesting to note that the rate of water used for Industrymade up the highest one in
North America, with 48% and in Europe, with 53%,whereas the remaining figuresfor
Industrial Useranged from 5% to 12% within the four rest areas in the world. In terms of
water used for Domestic,the highest percentage for this sector was found to be onSouth
America and Europe, with 19% and 15%, in that order. Overall, Agricultureappeared to be a
sector using the largest percentage of waterin South America, Africa, Central Asia and
SouthEast Asia, with 71%, 84%, 88% and 81%, respectively.
he charts below show the proportions of British students at one university in
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England who were able to speak other languages in addition to English, in 2000
and 2010.
he two pie charts reveal information on the percentage of British undergraduates at one
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university in Englandwho spoke other languages in addition to Englishduring 2000 and
2010. Units are measured in percent (%).
rom an overall perspective, there was a significant difference in the rate of British students who
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were able to speak languagesother than their mother tongue - English in two distinct
years 2000 and 2010. By the year 2000, the figure for those speaking Spanish only accounted
for the largest one, with 30%, which was followed by the corresponding figure of those who do
not speak another language, with 20%. Nevertheless, the remaining figuresranged from 10%
to 15%, including students who were able to speak either French, German, or Another
language and those who were bilingual.
It is interesting to note that the proportion of undergraduates speaking Spanish rose
considerably by 5%,stabilizing at the highest one throughout the time frame, with 35% in
2010, which was followed by that of those who had the ability to speak another language and
those who were bilingual, with 20% and 15%, respectively. However, the figure recorded for
students who cannot speak other languages and those speaking French only witnessed a slight
decrease between 2000 and 2010,both constituting 10%.In terms of the remaining
categories, the proportion of undergraduates who speak French onlyremained the same,
accounting for only 10% in both 2000 and 2010.
he graph below shows average carbon dioxide (Co2) emissions per person
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in the United Kingdom, Sweden, Italy, and Portugal between 1967 and 2007.
he bar chart illustrates information on the average CO2 emissions per person in five selected
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European countries (United Kingdom, Sweden, Italy and Portugal). Units are measured in
metric tonnes.
rom an overall perspective, there wasa moderate increasein the amount of carbon dioxide
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emissions per person in Italy and Portugal,while the opposite trend was observed forthe
United Kingdom and Sweden. By the year 1967, the figure given for average CO2 emissions
per person in the United Kingdom appeared to be by far the largest one, with approximately 14
metric tonnes (MT), which was followed by that of Sweden and Italy. Notably, these figures were
found to be about 8 MT and roughly 1.2 MT, respectively.
urprisingly, the figure recorded for average CO2 emissions per person in Swedenwitnessed a
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significant decrease from nearly 9 MT in 1967 to around 5.2 MT in 2007- a huge drop of
almost 2 times. In fact,the rate of CO2 emissions produced by each personin Portugal and
Sweden was found to be the lowest in 2007, with around 5.2 MT. However, the average amount
ofCO2 emissions per capita in Portugal rose steadilyover the period 1967-2007.
It is interesting to note that the figure for CO2 emissions per person in the United Kingdom
decreased moderately to just under 9 MTby the year 2007,but remained the highest
among the five selected countries. Nevertheless, there wasa moderate risein the figure for
Italy,reaching the second highest atapproximately 7.9 MT in 2007.
he table below shows the numbers of visitors to Ashdown Museum during the
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year before and the year after it was refurbished. The charts show the result of
surveys asking visitors how satisfied they were with their visit, during the same
two periods.
he table illustrates the total number of visitors to Ashdown Museum, while the two pie charts
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reveal information on the levels of visitors' satisfaction. Units are measured in numbers of
visitors.
It is clear from the table that there was a significant increase in the number of visitors after the
refurbishment of the museum. In fact, the total number of people visiting during the year before
refurbishment was 74,000 visitors. After refurbishing,the visitor numbers at Ashdown
Museum increased by 18,000.
urning into the two pie charts, the figure recorded for visitors who were dissatisfied with the
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experience in the museum before refurbishment appeared to be by far the largest one, with 40
visitors, which wasfollowed by that of those who felt satisfied and those who were very
satisfied. These figures were found to be 30 visitors and 15 visitors, respectively. Nevertheless,
the survey results indicated that10 visitors were very dissatisfied after visiting andonly 5
respondents had no response.