100% found this document useful (1 vote)

5 views

Java Programming 7th Edition Joyce Farrell - The complete ebook is available for download with one click

The document provides information on downloading the 'Java Programming 7th Edition' by Joyce Farrell and other related textbooks from ebookultra.com. It includes links to various Java programming resources and additional recommended products. The document also contains copyright information and details about the textbook's content and structure.

Uploaded by

inamavolodq

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

100% found this document useful (1 vote)

5 views

Java Programming 7th Edition Joyce Farrell - The complete ebook is available for download with one click

Uploaded by

inamavolodq

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 60

Visit https://ebookultra.

com to download the full version and

explore more ebooks or textbooks

Java Programming 7th Edition Joyce Farrell

_ Click the link below to download _

https://ebookultra.com/download/java-programming-7th-
edition-joyce-farrell/

Explore and download more ebooks or textbooks at ebookultra.com

Here are some recommended products that we believe you will be
interested in. You can click the link to download.

Java Programming 8th Edition Joyce Farrell

https://ebookultra.com/download/java-programming-8th-edition-joyce-
farrell/

Programming Logic and Design Comprehensive 6th Edition

Joyce Farrell

https://ebookultra.com/download/programming-logic-and-design-
comprehensive-6th-edition-joyce-farrell/

Java Programs to Accompany Programming Logic and Design

7th Edition Jo Ann Smith

https://ebookultra.com/download/java-programs-to-accompany-
programming-logic-and-design-7th-edition-jo-ann-smith/

Computer programming for teens 1st Edition Mary E. Farrell

https://ebookultra.com/download/computer-programming-for-teens-1st-
edition-mary-e-farrell/
Advanced Java Game Programming Wallace Croft

https://ebookultra.com/download/advanced-java-game-programming-
wallace-croft/

Java Programming 10 Minute Solutions 1st Edition Mark

Watson

https://ebookultra.com/download/java-programming-10-minute-
solutions-1st-edition-mark-watson/

Killer Game Programming in Java 1st Edition Andrew Davison

https://ebookultra.com/download/killer-game-programming-in-java-1st-
edition-andrew-davison/

Introduction to Programming with Java 3rd Edition John

Dean

https://ebookultra.com/download/introduction-to-programming-with-
java-3rd-edition-john-dean/

The Java TM Programming Language 4th Edition Ken Arnold

https://ebookultra.com/download/the-java-tm-programming-language-4th-
edition-ken-arnold/
Java Programming 7th Edition Joyce Farrell Digital
Instant Download
Author(s): Joyce Farrell
ISBN(s): 9781285081953, 1285081951
Edition: 7
File Details: PDF, 32.45 MB
Year: 2014
Language: english
Buy. Rent. Access.

Access student data files and other study

tools on cengagebrain.com.

For detailed instructions visit

www.cengage.com/ct/studentdownload.

Store your Data Files on a USB drive for maximum efficiency in

organizing and working with the files.

Macintosh users should use a program to expand WinZip or PKZip archives.

Ask your instructor or lab coordinator for assistance.

TM
JAVA PROGRAMMING

JOYCE FARRELL

Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States

Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has
deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Java Programming, © 2014 Course Technology, Cengage Learning
Seventh Edition
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright
Joyce Farrell
herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or
Executive Editor: by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not
Kathleen McMahon limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web
distribution, information networks, or information storage and
Senior Product Manager: retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the
Alyssa Pratt 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written
Development Editor: Dan Seiter permission of the publisher.
Editorial Assistant: Sarah Ryan
Brand Manager: Kay Stefanski For product information and technology assistance, contact us at
Print Buyer: Julio Esperas Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706
Art and Design Direction, For permission to use material from this text or product,
Production Management, and submit all requests online at www.cengage.com/permissions.
Composition: Integra Software
Further permissions questions can be emailed to
Services Pvt. Ltd.
[email protected].
Cover Designer: Lisa Kuhn/Curio
Press, LLC www.curiopress.com
Cover Photo: © Leigh Prather/Veer Library of Congress Control Number: 2012953690
Copyeditor: Mark Goodin Student Edition:
Proofreader: Pamela Hunt ISBN-13: 978-1-285-08195-3
Indexer: Alexandra Nickerson ISBN-10: 1-285-08195-1

Course Technology
20 Channel Center Street
Boston, MA 02210
USA

Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning

solutions with office locations around the globe, including Singapore,
the United Kingdom, Australia, Mexico, Brazil and Japan. Locate your
local office at international.cengage.com/region

Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson

Education, Ltd.

For your course and learning solutions, visit

www.cengage.com.
Purchase any of our products at your local college store
or at our preferred online store: www.CengageBrain.com.
Instructors: Please visit login.cengage.com and log in to access
instructor-specific resources.

Printed in the United States of America

1 2 3 4 5 6 18 17 16 15 14 13

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi
CHAPTER 1 Creating Java Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
CHAPTER 2 Using Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
CHAPTER 3 Using Methods, Classes, and Objects . . . . . . . 117
CHAPTER 4 More Object Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
CHAPTER 5 Making Decisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
CHAPTER 6 Looping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
CHAPTER 7 Characters, Strings, and the StringBuilder . . . . . 349
CHAPTER 8 Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
CHAPTER 9 Advanced Array Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443
CHAPTER 10 Introduction to Inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499
CHAPTER 11 Advanced Inheri tance Concepts . . . . . . . . . . 547
CHAPTER 12 Exception Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603
CHAPTER 13 File Input and Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675
CHAPTER 14 Introduction to Swing Components . . . . . . . . 739
CHAPTER 15 Advanced GUI Topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 801
CHAPTER 16 Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 879
CHAPTER 17 Applets, Images, and Sound . . . . . . . . . . . . 945
APPENDIX A Working with the Java Platform . . . . . . . . . . . 993
APPENDIX B Learning About Data Representation . . . . . . . 1001
APPENDIX C Formatting Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1009
APPENDIX D Generating Random Numbers . . . . . . . . . . 1021
APPENDIX E Javadoc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1029
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1037
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1063

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi

C H AP T E R 1 Creating Java Programs . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Learning Programming Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Comparing Procedural and Object-Oriented Programming
Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Procedural Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Object-Oriented Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Understanding Classes, Objects, and Encapsulation . . . . . . 6
Understanding Inheritance and Polymorphism . . . . . . . . . 8
Features of the Java Programming Language . . . . . . . . . . 10
Java Program Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Analyzing a Java Application that Produces Console Output . . . . 12
Understanding the Statement that Produces the Output . . . . . 13
Understanding the First Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Indent Style . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Understanding the main() Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Saving a Java Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Compiling a Java Class and Correcting Syntax Errors . . . . . . . 22
Compiling a Java Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Correcting Syntax Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Running a Java Application and Correcting Logical Errors . . . . . 28
Running a Java Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Modifying a Compiled Java Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Correcting Logical Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Adding Comments to a Java Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Creating a Java Application that Produces GUI Output . . . . . . 34
Finding Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Don’t Do It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

C H AP T E R 2 Using Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Declaring and Using Constants and Variables . . . . . . . . . . 52
Declaring Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Declaring Named Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
The Scope of Variables and Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Concatenating Strings to Variables and Constants . . . . . . . 56
Pitfall: Forgetting That a Variable Holds One Value at a Time . . . 58
Learning About Integer Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Using the boolean Data Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Learning About Floating-Point Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Using the char Data Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Using the Scanner Class to Accept Keyboard Input . . . . . . . 76
Pitfall: Using nextLine() Following One of the
Other Scanner Input Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Using the JOptionPane Class to Accept GUI Input . . . . . . . 85
Using Input Dialog Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Using Confirm Dialog Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Performing Arithmetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Associativity and Precedence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Writing Arithmetic Statements Efficiently . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Pitfall: Not Understanding Imprecision in
Floating-Point Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Understanding Type Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Automatic Type Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Explicit Type Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Don’t Do It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Programming Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Debugging Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Game Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
viii Case Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

C H AP T E R 3 Using Methods, Classes, and Objects . . . . 117

Understanding Method Calls and Placement . . . . . . . . . . 118
Understanding Method Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Access Specifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Return Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Method Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Parentheses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Adding Parameters to Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Creating a Method That Receives a Single Parameter . . . . . 128
Creating a Method That Requires Multiple Parameters . . . . 130
Creating Methods That Return Values . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Chaining Method Calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Learning About Classes and Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Creating a Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Creating Instance Methods in a Class . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Organizing Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Declaring Objects and Using Their Methods . . . . . . . . . . 151
Understanding Data Hiding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
An Introduction to Using Constructors . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Understanding That Classes Are Data Types . . . . . . . . . 160
Don’t Do It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Programming Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Debugging Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Game Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Case Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

Creating and Calling Constructors with Parameters . . . . . . . 196

Overloading Constructors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Learning About the this Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Using the this Reference to Make Overloaded Constructors More
Efficient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Using static Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Using Constant Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Using Automatically Imported, Prewritten Constants and Methods 215
Importing Classes That Are Not Imported Automatically . . . . 217
Using the GregorianCalendar Class . . . . . . . . . . 219
Understanding Composition and Nested Classes . . . . . . . . 225
Composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Nested Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Don’t Do It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Programming Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Debugging Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Game Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Case Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

C H AP T E R 5 Making Decisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

Planning Decision-Making Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
The if and if…else Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Pitfall: Misplacing a Semicolon in an if Statement . . . . . . 245
Pitfall: Using the Assignment Operator Instead of the
Equivalency Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Pitfall: Attempting to Compare Objects Using
the Relational Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
The if…else Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

Using Multiple Statements in if and if…else Clauses . . . . 250

Nesting if and if…else Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Using Logical AND and OR Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
The AND Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
x The OR Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Short-Circuit Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Making Accurate and Efficient Decisions . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Making Accurate Range Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Making Efficient Range Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Using && and || Appropriately . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Using the switch Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
Using the Conditional and NOT Operators . . . . . . . . . . . 276
Using the NOT Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Understanding Operator Precedence . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Adding Decisions and Constructors to Instance Methods . . . . 281
Don’t Do It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Programming Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Debugging Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Game Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Case Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297

C H AP T E R 6 Looping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Learning About the Loop Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Creating while Loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Writing a Definite while Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Pitfall: Failing to Alter the Loop Control Variable Within
the Loop Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Pitfall: Creating a Loop with an Empty Body . . . . . . . . . 304
Altering a Definite Loop’s Control Variable . . . . . . . . . . 305
Writing an Indefinite while Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
Validating Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
Using Shortcut Arithmetic Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
Creating a for Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317

Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has
deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Learning How and When to Use a do … while Loop . . . . . . 321
Learning About Nested Loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
Improving Loop Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Avoiding Unnecessary Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Considering the Order of Evaluation of Short-Circuit Operators . 330 xi
Comparing to Zero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Employing Loop Fusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
Using Prefix Incrementing Rather than Postfix Incrementing . . 332
Don’t Do It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
Programming Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
Debugging Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
Game Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
Case Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

C H AP T E R 7 Characters, Strings, and the StringBuilder . . . . 349

Understanding String Data Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Manipulating Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Declaring and Comparing String Objects . . . . . . . . . . 357
Comparing String Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Empty and null Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Using Other String Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
Converting String Objects to Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . 370
Learning About the StringBuilder and
StringBuffer Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
Don’t Do It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Programming Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Debugging Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
Game Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
Case Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394

C H AP T E R 8 Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
Declaring Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398
Initializing an Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
Using Variable Subscripts with an Array . . . . . . . . . . . . 406
xii Using Part of an Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408
Declaring and Using Arrays of Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . 410
Using the Enhanced for Loop with Objects . . . . . . . . . 412
Manipulating Arrays of Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
Searching an Array and Using Parallel Arrays . . . . . . . . . 418
Using Parallel Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418
Searching an Array for a Range Match . . . . . . . . . . . 421
Passing Arrays to and Returning Arrays from Methods . . . . . 425
Returning an Array from a Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
Don’t Do It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436
Programming Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436
Debugging Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
Game Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
Case Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441

C H AP T E R 9 Advanced Array Concepts . . . . . . . . . 443

Sorting Array Elements Using the Bubble Sort Algorithm . . . . 444
Using the Bubble Sort Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445
Sorting Arrays of Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447
Sorting Array Elements Using the Insertion Sort Algorithm . . . . 453
Using Two-Dimensional and Other Multidimensional Arrays . . . . 457
Passing a Two-Dimensional Array to a Method . . . . . . . . 460
Using the length Field with a Two-Dimensional Array . . . . 460
Understanding Ragged Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462
Using Other Multidimensional Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . 462
Using the Arrays Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465
Using the ArrayList Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473
Understanding the Limitations of the ArrayList Class . . . 478
Creating Enumerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479
Don’t Do It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486
Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has
deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492
Programming Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492 xiii
Debugging Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495
Game Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495
Case Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498

C H AP T E R 1 0 Introduction to Inheritance . . . . . . . . . 499

Learning About the Concept of Inheritance . . . . . . . . . . 500
Diagramming Inheritance Using the UML . . . . . . . . . . 500
Inheritance Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
Extending Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504
Overriding Superclass Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511
Calling Constructors During Inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . 514
Using Superclass Constructors That Require Arguments . . . 516
Accessing Superclass Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521
Comparing this and super . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523
Employing Information Hiding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524
Methods You Cannot Override . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526
A Subclass Cannot Override static
Methods in Its Superclass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526
A Subclass Cannot Override final
Methods in Its Superclass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530
A Subclass Cannot Override Methods
in a final Superclass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 532
Don’t Do It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539
Programming Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539
Debugging Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543
Game Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543
Case Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544

C H AP T E R 1 1 Advanced Inheritance Concepts . . . . . . . 547

Creating and Using Abstract Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 548
Using Dynamic Method Binding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557
Using a Superclass as a Method Parameter Type . . . . . . 559
xiv Creating Arrays of Subclass Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561
Using the Object Class and Its Methods . . . . . . . . . . . 565
Using the toString() Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566
Using the equals() Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569
Using Inheritance to Achieve Good Software Design . . . . . . 572
Creating and Using Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 574
Creating Interfaces to Store Related Constants . . . . . . . 579
Creating and Using Packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583
Don’t Do It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 590
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 594
Programming Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 594
Debugging Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599
Game Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599
Case Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600

C H AP T E R 1 2 Exception Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . 603

Learning About Exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 604
Trying Code and Catching Exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . 609
Using a try Block to Make Programs “Foolproof” . . . . . . 614
Declaring and Initializing Variables in try…catch Blocks . . . 616
Throwing and Catching Multiple Exceptions . . . . . . . . . . 619
Using the finally Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 625
Understanding the Advantages of Exception Handling . . . . . . 628
Specifying the Exceptions That a Method Can Throw . . . . . . 631
Tracing Exceptions Through the Call Stack . . . . . . . . . . 636
Creating Your Own Exception Classes . . . . . . . . . . . 641
Using Assertions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645
Don’t Do It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 661
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 661
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 663
Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has
deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 664
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667
Programming Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667
Debugging Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672
Game Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672 xv
Case Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672

C H AP T E R 1 3 File Input and Output . . . . . . . . . . . . 675

Understanding Computer Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676
Using the Path and Files Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 677
Creating a Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 678
Retrieving Information About a Path . . . . . . . . . . . . 679
Converting a Relative Path to an Absolute One . . . . . . . . 680
Checking File Accessibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681
Deleting a Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683
Determining File Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 684
File Organization, Streams, and Buffers . . . . . . . . . . . . 688
Using Java’s IO Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690
Writing to a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693
Reading from a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695
Creating and Using Sequential Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . 697
Learning About Random Access Files . . . . . . . . . . . . 703
Writing Records to a Random Access Data File . . . . . . . . 707
Reading Records from a Random Access Data File . . . . . . . 714
Accessing a Random Access File Sequentially . . . . . . . . 714
Accessing a Random Access File Randomly . . . . . . . . . 715
Don’t Do It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 730
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 732
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 735
Programming Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 735
Debugging Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737
Game Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738
Case Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738

C H AP T E R 1 4 Introduction to Swing Components . . . . . 739

Understanding Swing Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . 740
Using the JFrame Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 741
Customizing a JFrame’s Appearance . . . . . . . . . . . 744
xvi Using the JLabel Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 748
Changing a JLabel’s Font . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750
Using a Layout Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 753
Extending the JFrame Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 756
Adding JTextFields, JButtons, and Tool Tips to a JFrame . . 758
Adding JTextFields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 758
Adding JButtons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 760
Using Tool Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 762
Learning About Event-Driven Programming . . . . . . . . . . 765
Preparing Your Class to Accept Event Messages . . . . . . . 766
Telling Your Class to Expect Events to Happen . . . . . . . 767
Telling Your Class How to Respond to Events . . . . . . . . 767
Using the setEnabled() Method . . . . . . . . . . . . 770
Understanding Swing Event Listeners . . . . . . . . . . . . 774
Using the JCheckBox, ButtonGroup, and
JComboBox Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 778
The JCheckBox Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 778
The ButtonGroup Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 781
The JComboBox Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 782
Don’t Do It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 790
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 790
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 792
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 793
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 796
Programming Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 796
Debugging Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 798
Game Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 798
Case Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799

C H AP T E R 1 5 Advanced GUI Topics . . . . . . . . . . . . 801

Understanding the Content Pane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 802
Using Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 805
Learning More About Layout Managers . . . . . . . . . . . . 808
Using BorderLayout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 809
Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has
deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Other documents randomly have
different content
Another of our trips was to the Lower Oden-See, about four miles on
the other side of Aussee. This is a small lake, very different in
character from the Gründtl-See and Töplitz-See: the shores, though
not exactly flat, are formed of slightly varied hills covered with wood.
Sir Humphry had excellent sport, and caught a great many small
trout in the little stream which flows from this lake.
8th. Having paid another visit to the Gründtl-See this morning, we
left Aussee and crossed over the mountain which we had passed on
our former route to Ischl, and found the road now perfectly clear
from snow. Sir Humphry intends to spend some time here, and to
make use of the salt baths, which attract much company to this little
place during the season.
9th.-21st. Sir Humphry has now given the baths a fair trial, and has
found great benefit from them, although upon our arrival here, after
taking his first bath, he was for giving them up in despair, and
determined immediately to quit Ischl. This determination, however,
was caused by the imprudent haste in which he had taken that bath,
for no sooner were we arrived than he ordered a bath to go into
instantly after his dinner. I could not help urging him not to do so,
but in vain; he went into it, and was in consequence afterwards very
unwell, and passed a most restless night.

From nature by J. J. Tobin - ISCHL

In the morning he begged me to order horses to leave Ischl, but
consented to my looking at some of the lodgings before we set off. I
found one which, from its convenience and pleasant situation, I
thought would suit him, and on his going with me to see it he was
so pleased with it, that he relinquished his intention of leaving Ischl,
and took it for a week, and we entered into it the same afternoon,
causing a great bustle to its inmates, who were not accustomed to
prepare so quickly for their lodgers. It is a very good large house,
standing quite alone on the top of a grassy mound, with a large
garden in front and fields behind, at a short distance from the baths,
and within a few steps of the little town. The only persons who
inhabit it are the owner, an elderly man, formerly bailiff of the
district, with his housekeeper and a servant, so that Sir Humphry is
certain of enjoying the quiet and tranquillity which are so necessary
to him.
Ischl is a small clean town,—if it may be so denominated, for I
should think it scarcely contains two thousand inhabitants,—
delightfully situated in a valley watered by the river Traun, which
flows through it, and is crossed by a wooden bridge. On every side
are beautiful walks, some into the woods, some along the river,
others again up into the mountains; and even these the invalid may
enjoy, as he is sure at every short distance of finding a comfortable
seat on which to repose. These benches generally bear the name of
some prince or princess, whose favorite spot it marks, and they are
always so placed as to command a fine view of the town, the valley
and river, or the mountains. On the right bank of the town there is a
sort of public garden, which is called the Prater, and is said to be a
very humble imitation of the celebrated park of the same name at
Vienna. Here are various amusements for the people, the principal
ones shooting at the target with the rifle and the cross-bow; behind
these gardens rises a little wooded hill, on the top of which is a seat
called the Umbrella-seat, from the awning over it, which is spread in
the shape of an umbrella. From this spot one enjoys a most beautiful
panoramic view of the surrounding scenery. To the west lies the
delightful valley that leads to Salzburg, on each side of which,
mountain rises over mountain, all richly covered with wood. On the
east one sees Ischl, with its steaming saltworks, and beyond it the
valley of the Traun, seemingly closed in by the wild and rocky Alps
which form the shores of the Traun-See. On the northern side a
mighty wall of rocks, many thousand feet high, rises out of dark pine
forests, and beyond these appears, in hoary whiteness and
surrounded by glaciers and eternal snows, the summit of the
Dachstein or Schneeberg, the loftiest of the Styrian Alps, which we
often beheld in the evening from our windows, glowing with the
ruddy beams of the setting sun long after all light had departed from
the nearer and less elevated mountains. A fine range of wooded
hills, at whose feet runs the Ischl, a small mountain stream that falls
into the Traun, forms the southern boundary of this scene. The chief
street in Ischl runs parallel with the river, and at its end is situated
the Pfannhaus or boiling house, with its adjacent works. This is a
large circular building, containing an enormous iron boiler or pan,
between thirty and forty feet in diameter and a foot and a half in
depth, in which the solution of salt, conveyed there in pipes from the
mines, is evaporated.
Ischl has but one church, which is Catholic. A small theatre is being
erected, and is to be finished by the middle of the season, which will
be in July. The houses are all arranged for lodgers, and rooms may
be had on any scale, from those adapted to the habits of the most
simple and retired individual, to those of the prince and his suite.
The lodgings are dear, but living, on the contrary, is very cheap. An
excellent dinner at the table d'hôte, where I usually dine, costs from
one to two paper, or schein florins (ninepence-halfpenny to twenty-
pence English;) but a person may dine at what expence he pleases,
as the dinner is always served à la carte, and a good plate of soup
costs not more than one penny. A few days after our arrival, I met at
the table d'hôte Mr. B——, a most agreeable and well-informed man,
with whom I enjoyed many a walk in the neighbourhood during his
stay, which was unfortunately of short duration.
Sir Humphry is now engaged in composing a new work, which he
intends to call A Vision; this usually occupies our mornings, he
dictates to me for an hour or two, then reads over what has been
written, which I afterwards copy off fair, and at 12 o'clock he takes a
bath. These baths are made with the mother-water, or residue which
remains after the greater part of the salt has been crystallized out of
the salt water by evaporation, and is an intensely strong solution of
chloride of sodium and some other salts. This is diluted according to
prescription for the various patients, so many gallons to so much
common water. The same solution of salt is also employed for
douche and shower baths, which are much used, and said to be very
efficacious. The situation and arrangement of the vapour baths are
rather extraordinary. Above the large boiler in the panhouse, on the
scaffolding which supports the roof, and from which the boiler is
suspended, a number of small closets are erected, in which the
person taking the bath is seated, so that he is not only completely
surrounded by the vapour of the boiling salt water, but breathes an
air impregnated with many volatile particles. These baths are used
twice a day, and the patient usually remains in his cabinet, or walks
along the gallery suspended over the pan from one to two hours at a
time, which proves in a variety of cases of the greatest utility. Sir
Humphry generally dines at three, and afterwards goes out fishing,
with his servant, and often does not return till nine o'clock, when I
read to him. There are a great number of visitors here, who come
during the summer months to use the baths and to enjoy
themselves, but Sir Humphry sees no one, and appears to wish to
avoid all society, and of course I see none but those I chance to
meet at the table d'hôte, or in a walk.
21st. Having agreed yesterday with the apothecary of the place (to
whose shop I go almost daily with some prescription or other from
Sir Humphry, who often varies his medicines) to ascend one of the
nearer Alps, we started for the summit of the Zimitz early this
morning: we crossed over hills and dales, through woods and fields,
till we came to the foot of the mountain, on the top of which we
proposed eating our dinner, which we carried in our pockets. My
companion had told me before that he had already ascended this
Alp, and was well acquainted with the road; but when we began the
ascent he confessed that he was at a loss, and our only alternative
was to turn back, or find our way as we could. We chose the latter,
and confiding in our own eyes and limbs, we followed the course of
a mountain torrent, which came rushing down the rocks. Stepping
from rock to rock, we in a short time came to the entrance of a
snow-cave, through which this little stream flowed. Close to the
snow we found many rare plants, and amongst others the yellow
violet of the Alps. Before entering into this cave, which had been
formed in a fallen avalanche, I slipped on the rock, and was obliged
to jump into the icy cold water, which was fortunately not deep. The
cave, however, repaid me for my cold bath. Entering through an
opening in its roof of snow, the rays of the sun illuminated its dark
and rocky sides, and were reflected upon the water that flowed
through the middle. On looking towards the opposite end of the
cave, through a lofty arch of snow, we beheld a distant waterfall,
whilst the rocks and bushes, finely lighted by the rays of the sun,
contrasted strongly with the darkness of the cave, whose fretted
roof seemed as if hewn out of the finest white marble into large
descending points, from which the melting snow was continually
dropping. Having made a slight sketch of this fairy scene, we left the
cave, and, following the rivulet, soon reached the waterfall which we
had seen in the distance through the arch of snow. An immense
barrier of rock here put an end to our progress in this direction, and
we were obliged to turn to the right, where the ascent appeared
more possible. My companion made a considerable detour whilst I
attempted to climb up the rocks; but I had not ascended more than
twenty feet, when, on catching hold of a small fir-tree, it snapped
off, and I rolled down the rocks into the rivulet below. In spite of my
fall I reascended, and with some difficulty reached the uppermost
rock, and found myself in a situation whence I could no longer
ascend nor descend. At last my companion appeared above, and
reaching down to me his long alpine pole, I clung to it, and with his
assistance thus extricated myself from my most unpleasant and
perilous situation; I was, however, so exhausted, that we were
obliged to wait a full half hour before we could proceed on our
ascent. Our road then lay for a long time through a forest of pine
and beech, till we came to a brook, whose course we followed to its
rise, which was in a large snow. We passed quickly over this, and
then saw that we only had about a fourth part of the ascent to
accomplish. We journeyed on merrily, although we were obliged, for
upwards of an hour, to climb with the help of hands and feet over
the rocks, till we came to the last, though not easiest part of the
journey. This was a wood of dwarf firs, which an avalanche of the
last winter in its descent had laid flat upon the ground, though their
roots generally remained fixed. We scrambled over and through
these, and, after all difficulties, I found myself, about two o'clock, on
the snow-clad ridge of the mountain. My companion was still battling
with the prostrate firs, but arrived about a quarter of an hour
afterwards, and we then went on to the highest of the five peaks
which form the summit of the Zimitz, between seven and eight
thousand feet above the sea. The view from this spot amply repaid
us for the toil and danger we had encountered in reaching it. Many
thousand feet below us we beheld four large lakes surrounded by
green mountains and vallies glowing in the sun; beyond these lay
the wide extended plains of Bavaria, clothed with glittering towns
and villages, over which the eye wandered to a far distant horizon,
bounded only by the clear blue sky.
Looking back we saw down into many a dark valley, out of which
rose numberless snow peaks, and high above the rest the majestic
Schneeberg, with its eternal glaciers, and at a yet greater distance
the still more lofty peaks of the Salzburg chain; but the reflection of
the sun from the vast and glaring fields of snow was so strong that
the eye could scarcely bear to look at them, and turned with delight
to the green woods and lakes below. Having spent an hour in the
pure air of these upper regions, we began to descend by a very
different road to the one we had chosen in ascending, which, though
better and not so rocky, was in many parts so steep, that we were in
continual danger of pitching forwards, and were therefore obliged to
seat ourselves each upon a stout branch of a fir-tree, and thus ride
down. Having traversed two snow fields, we came to some as yet
uninhabited huts, about half-way down the mountain, from whence
a good sheep path conducted us into a valley. Here we got some
milk in one of the dairy huts, and then made the best of our way
towards Ischl, as a thunderstorm, which we had for some time seen
approaching, was now fast gathering round us, and the peasants
advised us to hasten as quickly as possible, but long before we could
reach home it burst over us with tremendous violence. The rain
came down in such torrents, that in five minutes the road was more
than ankle deep in water, but it soon changed into hail, like a shower
of nuts, accompanied by the loudest thunder and most vivid
lightning. Thus, soaked but much refreshed, we reached Ischl about
eight o'clock in the evening.
July 13th. Sir Humphry is already tired of Ischl, and has left off the
use of the baths, by which, however, he has been much
strengthened, and his health in general improved, but I suppose we
shall soon quit this place, though he seldom fixes on his departure
till a day or two before. New guests arrive daily, and this little place
is filled with company. Parties of pleasure and jaunts are arranged
every day to some of the neighbouring lakes or vallies, or other
points worthy of being visited. I have only joined a few of these, for
Sir Humphry not knowing well what to do with his morning if I am
out of the way, I can of course only be one in those parties which
occupy the afternoon. The first of the two most interesting trips was
to the Chorinsky Klause.
A Klause, in these alpine countries, generally signifies a dam or
embankment, built over some mountain stream, in the centre of
which are flood-gates, which can be closed so as to shut in the
stream, which by degrees collects behind the wall or dam, till it
forms a small lake. The use of this arrangement is to float down the
wood which is cut in the mountains into the larger rivers, the
mountain streams not having in summer a sufficient body of water
to effect this without this contrivance. The fir-trees, cut into pieces
from five to ten feet long, are rolled down from the mountain into
these artificial lakes. When a sufficient quantity is collected on the
surface, or the water rises too high, the Klause wird gesprengt, that
is, the flood-gates are opened, and the pent up lake rushing out with
tremendous velocity, carries the wood along with it into the river of
the neighbouring valley. It was to see the water let out that we went
to the Klause. We started from Ischl after dinner, at one o'clock, a
large party in six or seven carriages, and drove up the valley of the
Traun, for about a league and a half, to Weissenbach, a village at the
foot of the mountain on which the Klause is situated. Here we left
our carriages and walked up the mountain, the road being very
steep. I joined a party consisting of Madame de B—— and her
daughter, a Greek gentleman and his wife, and two or three others,
and we seemed much to have shortened a hot walk of an hour and
a half up hill by chatting on various subjects.
We found the Chorinsky Klause to consist of a very strong and thick
wall, from thirty to forty feet high, built across a narrow valley. In
the centre of the wall was a large flood-gate, and on each side of it
a much smaller one. These were situated at a considerable height
above a clear shallow pool which lay at the foot of the wall, and was
formed by the superfluous water which had drained from the lake,
already over full. The whole party having taken a good position in
front of the Klause, the signal was given. The workmen struck the
spring of the flood-gates in the centre, which instantly burst open
with a noise resembling a sudden but hollow clap of thunder; at the
same moment an immense spout of water rushed forth, filling the
space before occupied by the invisible air. It was the work of a
second, and it was a magnificent sight to see the tranquil pool in an
instant transformed into a basin of curling foam, pouring with
irresistible violence over the rocks of the foreground, and whirling up
the sand from the bottom of the stream, which was for the first five
minutes nothing but foam of a muddy brown colour, till it changed
by degrees to a pure white. The lesser flood-gates were afterwards
opened, and then three streams poured forth at once from the lake.
This scene lasted for nearly half an hour, the cascades becoming less
and less as the quantity of water in the lake diminished, until the
latter was perfectly drained; and where but a short time before we
beheld a beautifully clear lake, we now saw only cleanly washed
pebbles and sand, through which a little insignificant rill was
running. Our walk back was very pleasant and shady. Among the
party Madame A—— and Madame L——, two celebrated actresses,
the one in comedy, the other in tragedy, from Vienna, were pointed
out to me; the former of whom was a handsome woman, though of
small stature, and lively and animated in her conversation. After this
excursion I very often met a great many of the party in a small
public garden called the Volksgarten, to distinguish it from the
Prater, and where it is the fashion to spend an hour before dinner.
The conversation one day turned upon the following lines, which
were found written upon a table in the garden:
Espérance d'un meilleur sort
Toujours renaissante et trahie,
Voila l'histoire de ma vie;
Il n'est rien de vrai que la mort!
Various were the discussions upon them, and the ladies took great
pains to discover the author. Who could he be? Who was there in
Ischl whose character at all answered to this description? No one
could be hit upon with any certainty; but at last the lively
Mademoiselle Marie, the daughter of Madame de B——, with whom I
had walked to the Chorinsky Klause, declared it must be the solitary
young Englishman, who so rarely joined in their parties of pleasure,
and who visited nobody. It was in vain that I denied having written
them, for they determined with one accord that I should be
considered as the author, unless I should by the next morning
produce four lines which might convince them of their error. I
accepted the challenge, and accordingly after dinner, for the first
time in my life, attempted to compose a couplet, and after
ransacking my brains, I could produce nothing better than the
following;—
Est elle donc vraie cette mort tant souhaitée?
N'est ce pas naître à une plus mauvaise vie?
Ne dirais tu pas dans l'éternité,
La mort que j'ai desiré m'a trahie?—
which I the next morning wrote under those of the anonymous
author. In the evening I met the greater part of the company at the
little theatre, which had been finished the week before, and in which
a small company of players from some neighbouring town were
doing their best to amuse the gay visitants of the baths. The ladies,
and especially Mademoiselle Marie, said they had read the verses,
and were more than ever persuaded of their being in the right, nor
could all my rhetoric, aided by a pocket full of bonbons, convince
them of the truth.
18th. This evening at a late hour Sir Humphry returned from his
fishing, without either fish or rod, and, not a little vexed, begged I
would go directly to the Commissary of the Police, and endeavour to
regain his rod, which he told me had been taken from him in the
following manner. He had driven along the banks of the Traun for
about five miles, in a little chaise which he sometimes uses in his
longer excursions, had been fishing for some hours, and was just
preparing to return, when two men came up, one of whom began to
talk to him and George in German, but as neither of them
understood him, Sir Humphry proceeded to get into the carriage,
whilst George took up the fish which had been caught. Upon this the
man became more violent in his words and actions, and at last
forcibly seized the rod and basket, and walked off with them.
Although it was just ten o'clock, I went to the inn where I knew the
Commissary generally supped, and luckily found him. I related to
him what had happened, and he was very polite, but said nothing
could be done that night, but begged me to come to him the next
morning, and to bring the servant with me.
19th. I took George this morning to the Commissary, who, from his
description, immediately recognized the offender, but found that he
did not belong to his district, but to that of Ebensee, to the
Commissary of which place he gave me a very civil letter. I returned
to Sir Humphry, who said that I should take a carriage and drive
over at once to Ebensee with George, and he gave me letters of
introduction, which he had with him, to the Governor of the
province, and some other great men, to show the Commissary.
Arrived at Ebensee, I found the Commissary all civility, and the
fisherman, who lived at some distance, was immediately summoned.
In the mean time the Commissary told me that the rivers and lakes
were let out in different portions to various fishermen, who alone
have the right to fish, or allow any other person to do so, in that
part which they rent, and he supposed that Sir Humphry had
exceeded the limit of the portion belonging to the fisherman at Ischl,
from whom he had obtained permission to fish.
Whilst waiting for the fisherman, I asked the Commissary if I could
not see the salt works; he said certainly, and that he should be
happy to show them to me, and I accordingly accompanied him
thither, and found them to be on a very large scale. There are
several evaporating pans, much larger than the one at Ischl, and
immense reservoirs for the salt water are kept constantly by three
pipes, through which it is conducted from Hallstadt, more than
twenty-seven miles distant. These pipes, the master of the works
told me, are always running, and should any accident happen to
either of them, it can be easily repaired, in spite of the great
distance they traverse, there being, at very short intervals, places
where the pipes may be uncovered and examined. From the
reservoirs the water is conducted into the pans, and the salt
produced by the evaporation is taken out twice every day, and put
into large conical baskets to drain, after which it is pressed into
conical six-sided forms, of various sizes, from twenty to a hundred
pounds each. These pyramids are then placed, some thousands at a
time, in the baking rooms, where they are exposed to a very high
temperature, which renders them quite firm and hard, after which
they are carried into the store-houses, from whence the salt is sent
to all parts of Austria. The quantity produced in this part of the
country, in these salt-works, in those of Ischl, Aussee, Hallstadt, &c.,
must be immense, for I understand that from the warehouses of
Ebensee alone, upwards of 25,000 tons of salt are sent annually
across the lake of the Traun.
Upon the arrival of the fisherman we found the case to be as the
Commissary had supposed, and the man pleaded in his defence that
it was allowed to take away both rod and fish from any one so
offending. The Commissary, however, told him he ought to have
warned Sir Humphry of this. The poor man said he had done so, but
they would not understand him, and in spite of his defence, the
Commissary compelled him to deliver up the rod and basket, with
which I returned to Ischl.
21st. Sir Humphry set out this morning in his little cabriolet on a
fishing excursion up the valley of the Traun, to the lake of Hallstadt,
and took me with him. This lake, about eight miles to the north east
of Ischl, is of a very grand and imposing character, but still does not
equal the Traun-See in the diversity and beauty of its banks. We
drove over a wooden bridge at the end of the lake, where the Traun
flows out of it, and then round its shores for a short distance to
Obertraun, where the road terminated. We here took a boat and
rowed for some miles up the lake, opposite to the small town of
Hallstadt. The view from hence was superb; the nearer houses
seemed built in the water, behind these the salt works are seen,
extensive and noble buildings, more like the palace or seignoral
chateau of the lord of the surrounding territory, than a manufactory;
and beyond them rose the mountain which contains the salt-mine, a
stupendous mass of rock capped with eternal snow, and to the left
appeared the glaciers of the Schneeberg. Rather to the right of the
saltworks, embosomed in wood, lay the rest of the town of Hallstadt,
and one large house was situated some thousand feet above the
lake, standing alone in the wood. Along the side of the mountain we
saw what appeared to be a pathway, but the boatman told us this
was the canal cut for the pipes which convey the salt-water from the
mines of Hallstadt to the works of Ischl and Ebensee. This is a
stupendous undertaking, for the pipes are conveyed a great distance
over rivers and vallies and along mountains, where the passage for
the pipes has been cut for many miles through the solid rock. Sir
Humphry fished for some time but without success, when, not
wishing to visit the town, we rowed back to the village of Obertraun,
and on our way thither passed by the Gosauzwang, the most
celebrated part of the saliduct or salt canal between Hallstadt and
Ebensee. The three pipes are here carried across a very wild and
romantic glen, the defile of the Gosau, a mountain stream which
runs down through it. Four lofty columns of brick work, about two
hundred feet in height, are built up from the bottom of the valley
and from out of the waters of the Gosau, to a level with the pipes,
which are thus carried over the valley, being laid from pier to pier;
and they serve at the same time as a bridge to any foot passenger
who may wish to pass, being railed in on each side. These pipes,
after traversing one or two smaller streams, give part of their water
to the salt works at Ischl, and are then carried on to Ebensee, where
they fill the reservoirs which I saw when I visited the Commissary to
procure the return of Sir Humphry's fishing rod.
23rd. Yesterday I went with a very large party, consisting of almost
all the strangers in Ischl, to visit the Salzberg, the salt mountain or
rather mine, which was to be illuminated for the visitors. We set out
at about one o'clock, a long string of carriages, and after an hour's
drive through a very pleasant valley, we arrived at the foot of the
mountain which contains the mine. Here a number of miners were
waiting with sedan chairs for the ladies, many of whom however
preferred walking up the mountain, and in about three quarters of
an hour we arrived at the Haupt Eingang, or chief entrance of the
mine. We were now to be attired, as is usual on entering the mines,
in a long white mantle or frock, and a large wide broad brim, the
latter to hinder us from knocking our brains out, and the former to
keep our clothes clean. Here was confusion dire; this frock was too
small, this too long; this lady had no brimmer, this gentleman could
find no stick. I laid hold of the first frock and hat I met with, but up
came a lady and begged I would exchange with her, as her frock
was so long she could not walk in it, and mine so short that it did
not reach to my knees. La grande toilette at length finished, the
ladies were placed in their carriages, that is two in each
wheelbarrow, face to face, with a miner before to pull, who carried a
lamp in his hand, and another to push behind, and between every
two barrows went another miner bearing a paper lanthorn. The
gentlemen were of course on foot, with the exception of one or two
gouty invalids.
In this guise, with half-a-dozen miners going before carrying lamps,
the whole train entered the passage, and in a few seconds lost sight
of daylight. After a long, wet, and (in spite of our many lamps) dark
journey through this narrow and low passage, where my head was
continually coming in contact with the roof, we came to the Rutsch,
or slide, which leads down into the salt-chamber. This Rutsch is
formed of the trunks of two large fir-trees laid close together,
rounded and polished, and placed in an oblique direction, in an
angle of about forty degrees. A miner, with a lamp in one hand,
places himself astride these trees, and holds with his other hand a
cord which is fixed to the rock on the sides. The person who wishes
to descend seats himself behind the miner, and holds him by the
shoulders. The miner then lets the cord slip through his hands, and
down they go like lightning into what seems an abyss of darkness:
safe at the bottom, he gives a shout that the next couple may
follow. When the Rutsch is very long, as in the mines at Hallein, near
Salzburg, the miner always sits upon a thick leather apron, and
when alone makes no use of the cord, but rushes down with a
fearful impetus into the salt-cave below. When we arrived at the
Rutsch, and the ladies had all got out of their barrows, after much
discussion and many fears and doubts, they consented thus to
descend, as the miners assured them it was more dangerous to do
so by the steps cut in the rock at the side, which were exceedingly
precipitous and very wet. Having reached the bottom of the Rutsch,
which ends in a slight curve to break the impetus of the descent, we
found ourselves in an immense cavern, or room, excavated in the
rock, about twelve feet high, and from ten to twelve thousand in
circumference, supported in the middle by a massive pillar of rock,
and lighted up by some hundred lamps, which, however, only served
to give the scene a more awful and gloomy appearance. The visitors,
whose number was considerable, in their long white mantles and
hats, looked like spectres wandering in the shades of a nether world.
The roof and walls of this cavern were covered with minute crystals
of salt, not, however, sufficiently large to give to it the glittering
appearance which I had expected. The mountain contains a great
many of these Salzkammern or salt-chambers, which at different
periods are filled with fresh water, conducted into them by wooden
pipes. When this has dissolved a sufficient quantity of salt, which
operation occupies some months, it is drained off through a deep
perpendicular shaft, near the middle of the cave, and is then
conducted through wooden pipes, often for a very great distance, to
the boiling-houses, where it undergoes the progress of evaporation.
Having wandered through these gloomy abodes of silence and night
for some time, we ascended the stairs, the ladies resumed their
seats in the barrows, and the procession returned as it had entered.
To save my head from additional thumps to the many it had received
on entering, I took the place of one of the pushers, and after a
merry drive of about twenty minutes we again saw daylight, like a
distant star, increasing in size till we reached the entrance of the
mine. We here unspectred ourselves, and returned home in our
usual terrestrial appearance, and a merry party we were.
24th. We left Ischl this morning in a little cabriolet for Aussee,
leaving the travelling carriage packed and ready for starting at Ischl,
for Sir Humphry wished, before he quitted this part of the country, to
have a day or two's more fishing in the Gründtl-See; but the weather
proving very warm, and a thunderstorm coming on in the evening,
he determined not to remain at Aussee beyond to-morrow.
26th. We returned this morning to Ischl, and after an early dinner
bade adieu to it, and set off for Ebensee. We here again crossed the
magnificent Traun-See, and after a row of two hours and a half, and
seeing Gmünden, as it were, rise out of the lake, we found ourselves
in our old quarters at the Ship.
27th, 28th. These were wet days, and Sir Humphry chiefly occupied
himself in dictating "The Vision," and reading. In the afternoon of
the latter, his coachman arrived from Vienna, and brought with him
"Salmonia," which had just been published, and was forwarded to
him through the Embassy at Vienna. Sir Humphry had engaged this
man, who is an Englishman, at Ischl, whilst in the service of the
Polish Princess L——, which he left, not wishing to go to Poland. Sir
Humphry now intends buying three additional horses, and thus
rendering himself independent of the poste.
29th. Sir Humphry this morning finished his "Vision," which, he tells
me, is really founded on a dream that he had some years ago, in
which he found himself borne through the firmament from planet to
planet. Of this dream, which he introduces as the consequence of a
highly interesting and animated conversation that he holds with two
friends in the Colosæum at Rome, on the grandeur and decay of
nations, and the mutability of religions, the general outline, he says,
has alone remained in his mind; but it has been his pleasure and
delight during his mornings at Ischl, and when he was not engaged
in his favourite pursuit of fishing, to work upon this foundation, and
to build up a tale, alike redundant with highly beautiful imagery, fine
thoughts, and philosophical ideas; and the hours thus passed with
Sir Humphry have afforded me high mental gratification and
advantage, for I have then marked his mind wandering, as it were,
with the associates of his early days; those days, in which he was
evidently, by the exercise of his extraordinary powers and quick
perception, exciting not only his own mind to dive into, and to unfold
to clearer view, the mysteries of creation, but that too of other
congenial spirits; thus most naturally collecting around him a
constellation of shining lights, the remembrance of whom often
awakens vivid thoughts of the past, and rouses his whole soul to
action.
In the afternoon I read to him "Salmonia," in which he immediately
began to make corrections and additions in preparation for a second
edition.
31st. Sir Humphry this morning went to look at a pair of horses
which he thought of buying. The price demanded was 800 florins,
(paper money,) about 32l.; but Sir Humphry thought them too dear,
and did not buy them. In the afternoon we paid another and a last
visit to the Falls of the Traun. This grand and striking scene
appeared now even more beautiful than when I saw it for the first
time. The body of water in the river was considerably less, thus
rendering the different cascades more diversified and picturesque.
Sir Humphry amused himself for an hour or two with fishing, and we
afterwards returned to Gmünden, which we quitted on the 3rd of
August, and drove over to Vocklabrück, where we remained the rest
of the day, for Sir Humphry to fish in the Vöckla, and went on the
next morning across the country for some leagues to Schörfling, a
little village on the Atter, or Kammer-See. This lake, the largest of
those in Upper Austria, is about fifteen miles in length; the shores on
this side are low, but at the opposite end they are formed by the
Zimitz Alp, the Schaafberg, and the chain of mountains which
separate this lake on the one side from the Wolfgang-See, and on
the other from Ischl and the valley of the Traun. Its depth is not very
considerable, but the colour of the water is a beautiful green. On a
promontory which stretches far out into the lake, stands the castle
of Kammer, a fine large building, belonging to a noble family of the
same name. The most striking view of the lake is from the little
village of See-Walchen, about a mile from Schörfling. We remained
at Schörfling in a miserable inn, without having one single fine day
till the 9th. Sir Humphry did so, finding there were some quails in
the neighbouring fields, and he went out shooting and fishing every
day, in spite of the weather, with considerable success.
9th. We quitted Schörfling at nine o'clock and went to Frankenmarkt,
a long drive chiefly over bad and cross roads. Before arriving at this
little town, we beheld on our left a fine and magnificent view of the
Schneeberg, and the Alps of Hallstadt and Aussee, and on quitting it
we caught the first glimpse of the Salzburg chain, which we
continued to behold increasing in grandeur and beauty the nearer
we approached it. The next poste from Frankenmarkt is Neumarkt,
and from hence we drove through many villages and hamlets, the
road being now and then rather hilly, till, at about half-past one, we
saw Salzburg lying before us in the broad valley of the Salza, backed
by a gigantic rampart of Alps. On the right side of the road we
passed by a small lake of no great beauty or extent. The situation of
Salzburg is strikingly grand and beautiful, and probably no town in
Europe can boast of a finer. Lying as it were close at the foot of the
lofty pyramid of the Watzmann, a mountain more than ten thousand
feet in height, the town extends along the right and left bank of the
Salza or Salzache, which separates it into two parts, the old and new
town, which are united by a strong wooden bridge. On a hill on the
right bank of the river, considerably elevated above the town, stands
the fortress or mountain castle, a very strong and imposing
fortification. Both parts of the town are strongly fortified, and that on
the right bank of the river is provided by nature with a lofty wall of
rock, superior to any means of defence that could be formed by art.
10th. The first thing I did this morning was to call upon Count W——
for Sir Humphry, in order to obtain permission for him to shoot in the
neighbourhood. The Count was not in Salzburg, but I easily obtained
leave from the person who acted for him during his absence. Sir
Humphry accordingly immediately started for the neighbouring
marshes, and I occupied the morning in seeing the town. The most
remarkable object is the Neu Thor, the New Gate, a stupendous
undertaking, which may stand comparison with any of the works of
the ancient Romans. It is formed of one long arch, or rather tunnel,
some hundred feet in length, between twenty to thirty in breadth,
and thirty to forty feet in height, cut through the wall of rock, which
surrounds the town on the Bavarian side. On the outside the rock is
handsomely sculptured, and forms a very elegant entrance into this
long passage. This work was commenced at the beginning of the
last century, and forty years elapsed ere it was completed. Another
work of a similar kind is the summer riding school, a large
amphitheatre, the galleries of which are cut out of the solid rock.
From hence I crossed over the Salzache into the new town, to visit
the church of St. Sebastian, which contains the monument of the
celebrated Theophrastus Paracelsus. It is very simple, and formed of
the red brown marble of the country. It bears his head in relief, and
the following inscription, which is a proof of the great esteem in
which the memory of this famous quack was held even till the
middle of the eighteenth century.
"Philippi Theophrasti Paracelsi qui tantam orbis famam ex auro chymico
adeptus est effigia et ossa donec rursus circumdabuntur pelle sua sub reparatione
ecclesiæ MDCCLII. ex sepulchrali tabe eruta heic locata sunt.
"Conditur hic Philippus Theophrastus insignis medicinæ doctor, qui dira illa
vulnera, lepram, podagram, hydropsin, aliaque insanabilia corporis contagia
mirifica arte sustulit, ac bona sua in pauperes distribuenda collocandaque
honoravit.

"Anno MDXXI. die XXIII Septembris vitam cum morte mutavit."

On my return I passed by the house in which he died, and on the

outside of it there is still a painting of him, and a nearly obliterated
inscription. From hence I went to the church of St. Peter, in the old
town, to see the tomb of Haydn; but unfortunately found the church
closed, and could not see the monument.
The cathedral church of St. Rupert is a fine building in the Italian
style of architecture. It is built partly of free-stone and partly of
marble. The streets of Salzburg, with the exception of the chief
street, are narrow and generally ill paved, but the houses are clean
and neat, and of a great height. The palace of the former archbishop
is a spacious and magnificent building, and before it is a beautiful
fountain. Besides its public buildings, Salzburg has many large and
elegant private houses.
On my return to the inn I found Sir Humphry already there, and that
he had dined; and he asked me to accompany him to Aigen, a
beautiful villa, about two miles from Salzburg, the seat of Prince
Schwarzenberg. From the gardens of this villa the view of Salzburg
and the whole chain of Alps is most magnificent, but we could not
enjoy it completely, as the summits of the mountains were mostly
veiled in cloud, thus mingling as it were with the heavens, and only
here and there a dark brown peak was seen piercing through the
white shroud, which every now and then passed over it like the
foaming wave over a rock, leaving it for some moments invisible. We
strolled for some time through the gardens, Sir Humphry on his
pony, and then returned to the city.
From nature by J. J. Tobin - FALLS of the SCHWARTZBACH
11th, 12th. Were cloudy and rainy days, but in spite of the weather
Sir Humphry has been out shooting the greater part of them, with,
however, very little good fortune; and on the 13th, we left Salzburg
in the morning, and drove through a long avenue of fine beech-trees
to Hallein, passing by the Untersberg, where there are large quarries
of white marble, belonging to Bavaria. To the right, the view of the
snowy Watzmann, and the nearer and finely wooded mountains was
exceedingly striking. Above Hallein two enormous brown rocks rise
out of the woods, bearing a very striking resemblance to artificial
walls. Hallein is a dirty town, celebrated only for its extensive salt
mines. The scenery between it and Golling is fine, but cannot be
compared with that beyond Golling. At this latter place we stopped
for two or three hours, and whilst Sir Humphry took his dinner, I
went to see the Falls of the Schwartzbach, about two miles distant.
After crossing the Salza, I came in about half an hour to the first or
lower fall, where, in the very midst of dark pines, some of which
seemed even to grow out of the falling water, the Schwartzbach, or
dark stream, dashes over the rocks, and divides itself into two
branches, one of which makes but one single leap to the pool below,
whilst the other descends in innumerable small cascatelles, and the
black rocks, peeping here and there through the white and curling
foam, give a very beautiful effect to this part of the scene. I then
ascended with my young guide, a little boy whom I had taken with
me from Golling, to the upper fall, of which nothing is visible from
below but the rising spray, and the beautiful iris playing upon it. The
pathway leads immediately to the front of this fall, which, in point of
singularity of situation, is perhaps unrivalled.
At this spot the rocks form a wide and massive arch, on which the
tall pines and other trees stand firmly rooted. Beneath this arch,
rude blocks are tumbled one upon another in wild confusion,
through which the water of the upper fall forces its way to the lower
one. Above the arch which nature has thus formed, a slight wooden
bridge is built, so that two openings are thus formed, the one above
the other, through which the water is seen descending in a broad
sheet of foam. Standing at the foot of this cascade, it is first seen
gushing forth from the rock amongst the trees immediately above
the wooden bridge; between this and the natural arch it again
appears, and is for the third time seen below the arch, closing the
opening between it and the rocks beneath like a white curtain. The
rainbow was seen beautifully shadowing the spray wafted from the
fall, which was itself in a dark recess of the mountain, and the sun
tipped the tops of the surrounding trees with a brilliant light, whilst
now and then a single ray shot through the leaves and fell upon the
white fall. It was a scene before which a painter might have sat for
hours.
We afterwards went upon the bridge, from whence we had a view of
the whole fall, looking down into the basin which receives it. A little
footpath leads from the bridge to the spot where the water issues as
clear as crystal from the rock, in the same manner as that of the
Savitza in Wochain. After taking one or two rapid sketches, I
returned with my little guide to Golling, which Sir Humphry soon
after left for Werfen, and we turned into the mountains, passing
through a magnificent defile where the Salza is quite hemmed in by
rocks, through which this foaming river forces its way with
irresistible violence.
The Salza in its whole course is a muddy river, which considerably
detracts from the beauty of the scene. Towards evening we arrived
at Werfen, a small insignificant town with an ancient fort on the hill
above it, and passed the night at a tolerable inn.
14th. Rising early this morning and looking from my window before
sunrise, I beheld one of the finest scenes imaginable. The distant
snowy Watzmann appeared quite near, and was encircled by
beautiful rose-coloured clouds, though not so dense as to hide the
mountain which glimmered through them, tinged with the same
beautiful hue. These clouds, which kept ascending and descending,
and now and then breaking and leaving the mountain quite clear,
became gradually fainter and fainter, till the sun rose, bringing with
him the mists of morning, when the whole scene vanished from my
eyes, and this so quickly, that I was almost tempted to fancy it a
dream.
At nine o'clock we left Werfen, and crossing the Salza drove on
through some very pretty villages to Itan, a little hamlet, where we
had to wait a considerable time for horses, the Archduke John
having passed through but a few hours before, on his road from the
baths of Gastein to Grätz. From Itan we proceeded to Radstadt, and
from thence along our former road to Unter-Tauern.
15th. This morning was rainy, but in spite of this I preferred walking
up the mountain, to the slow pace at which the carriage ascended
with four horses and two oxen. The rain ceased in about an hour,
but the distant views, on our former descent so beautiful, were now
all veiled in mist and cloud. We passed two very fine falls, one of
them a little out of the road, which Sir Humphry got out to see. It is
called Prince John's Fall, and is a cascade of from three to four
hundred feet high, and is well worth seeing.
On arriving at Auf-dem-Tauern, the little village near the summit of
the pass, we found the fields and the greater part of the surrounding
Alps, which when we passed the first time were hidden as far as the
eye could reach in snow, now richly clad with fine grass and alpine
flowers. The road descending to Tweng is formed of white primary
marble, mixed with mica-schist. At Tweng we struck into a cross
road to Tamsweg, a large village lying in a fine broad valley, in the
middle of which runs a branch of the Murr, which we have followed
from the very peak of the Tauern. The inn here was very bad. In the
evening I went to the village doctor for some medicine for Sir
Humphry, who told me that this valley was one of the highest in
Austria, the village itself lying three thousand and twenty-two Paris
feet above the level of the sea, and that the pass of the Tauern was
rather more than two thousand feet higher.
16th. We left Tamsweg this morning, and drove on, over abominable
roads, to Murrau, a dirty little town on the Murr. Sir Humphry said he
should stay a day here to see if he could shoot some quails, or catch
any huchos[D] in the river, and he went out immediately after we
arrived, about two o'clock, but found no quails. The Murr forms a
very pretty cascade about a mile below the town.
17th. Sir Humphry went this morning to the river and fished for
some hours, but in vain. This, added to an exorbitant bill brought in
by the host, determined him to proceed, and we left Murrau at four
in the afternoon. The scenery of the valley of the Murr is always of
the same kind; mountains clad with fine woods diversified with fields
and villages, and the river winding through the valley. We passed on
our road two old feudal castles, rearing their grey walls out of the
wood. At the next station, Neumarkt, we found ourselves on the
same road which we had traversed on our way to Carniola. There
being no tolerable inn here, we proceeded a post further, to
Friesach, and had a very pleasant moonlight drive along the banks
of a foaming brook, and through some dark and shady glens.
18th. Sir Humphry spent the whole of this day in the fields round
Friesach, in the hope of finding a good many quails, but returned
late in the afternoon with only one or two, and complaining terribly
of the heat.
19th. We left Friesach early this morning, and drove on, over our old
road, to St. Veit and Klagenfurth, where we turned off to the right,
and proceeded along the banks of the Lake of Klagenfurth to Velden.
The length of this lake is about fifteen miles, its greatest breadth
three or four. The scenery of its banks near Klagenfurth is rather flat
and uninteresting, but towards Velden it becomes more diversified
and beautiful. Sir Humphry intended passing the night at Velden, but
the old ruined chateau, which now serves as the post-house, was
better adapted for the habitation of bats and owls than the
accommodation of a sickly and susceptible traveller; and accordingly
he ordered horses for Villach, in spite of the approaching night.
Whilst they were being put to, we enjoyed a fine view of the lake
through the arched windows of the earth-floored hall of the chateau.
Some time before we arrived at Villach it was quite dark, but the
road being very good and perfectly safe, Sir Humphry,
notwithstanding his reluctance to travel after nightfall, said that he
was glad that he had gone on to Villach, where he would stay to try
the shooting.
20th. This morning he changed his mind, and we went on to
Wurzen, crossing over the same mountain which we had passed on
our road to Ischl. The ascent on this side is much longer than that
from Wurzen. At the foot of the mountain are some hot baths, much
used by the inhabitants of Villach. We tried their temperature and
found it to be 85° Fahrenheit. The proprietor said that the water
contained principally sulphur and magnesia.
21st-25th. These days were chiefly wet and rainy, but when it did
not pour Sir Humphry was out shooting in the marshes. Two
mornings, when the rain kept him at home, he occupied himself with
the additions to "Salmonia," and in dictating an ancient Irish Tale; a
fairy fiction, or a tale of enchantment, founded on the supposed
adventures of a Norwegian hero in Ireland.
26th. A fine day at last, and we see the Alps unveiled for the first
time since we have been here. I thought I should have seen them
quite free from snow, and was not a little surprised, on the clearing
away of the clouds, to find them covered with a newly fallen crest,
which was brilliantly white, for I believed that the temperature of the
air would be too high to allow the snow, which falls on the heights
when it rains in the valleys, to remain unmelted even for the
shortest time. In the afternoon I took a ramble with the postmaster,
as a guide, to see a waterfall in the neighbourhood, which I
suspected from what he told me was the feeder of the pond from
which the Wurzen-Save rises. After a long walk through the woods in
one of the smaller side valleys, at the opening of which the pond or
source of the Save is situated, we arrived at the end of the valley,
where all progress was put an end to by the lofty and rocky
mountains which shut it in on all sides; mountains, through which
there is hardly a path for the most adventurous chamois hunter. In
the centre of this vale is a hut, or, as it is called by the peasants, an
Alpe, (a hut on the mountains,) built with the trunks of trees, in
which a few cowherds were employed in making cheese. Opposite
this hut, high up in the rocks, is a considerable cascade, which
without doubt is the source of the Save. The water issues in a
considerable stream from an opening in the side of the mountain,
and rushes down into the valley foaming and dashing over the rocks;
it then flows on for a short time in a bed of limestone pebbles,
where it suddenly disappears, sinking into the ground, and in all
probability continues its subterraneous course through the whole
length of the valley, till it rises in the pond near Wurzen. We
ascended with considerable difficulty to the top of the fall, and in
order to examine the hole, I was obliged to take off my shoes to
prevent my slipping over the rocks. The water flowed perfectly clear
and intensely cold from a reservoir in the interior of the mountain,
but the opening in the rocks was not sufficiently large to enable me
to look in. Having descended safely, and drank some curds and whey
in the Alpe, we returned home; and I determined, if the weather
should be fine to-morrow, to cross over the Alps to Trenta, and see
the source of the Isonzo, to seek which we made such a long trip in
vain the last time we were here.
27th. I started from Wurzen at eight o'clock with a guide, who said
that he was well acquainted with the pass across the Alps, and as he
told me we should find nothing to eat at Trenta, we took some cold
meat and eggs with us. At Kronau we turned into the beautiful defile
which lies behind this village, and which is called the Valley of
Pisching, from a little stream which flows through it, along whose
banks we walked briskly for about an hour and a half, surrounded on
all sides by rocky and magnificent mountains. At the end of the
valley we turned off to the right, and began to ascend one of the
mountains by a very rugged and steep path, passing sometimes
through fir woods, and at other times over white limestone rocks.
After a very fatiguing ascent of more than two hours, we found
ourselves on the top of a pass between two mountains. To our left
was a still more lofty mountain, through which, near the summit,
there was a large hole like a window, so that the blue sky was
distinctly seen through it. My guide told me that it was possible to
ascend to this hole from the other side, but that he had never been
there. The descent to Trenta on the other side was much worse than
our ascent had been, the path or rather track that we followed being
every now and then impeded by great blocks of limestone and
shattered fir-trees. The points of view were very fine and wild,
though the whole seemed desolate and dreary. In less than an hour
we reached the valley and the few huts which form the hamlet of
Trenta. In the middle of the valley runs the Isonzo, which is seen
gushing forth from the rocks, and forming a magnificent cascade in
a gulley or crevice of the mountain, a few hundred yards distant
from Trenta. I immediately went to it, and found that the fall
consisted of three distinct cascades, one above the other, all three
highly picturesque, but chiefly so the upper one, which is by far the
loftiest. My guide said the quantity of water was not now so
considerable as in general, and that if I liked to go to the top of the
uppermost fall I could see the place from whence it issued out of the
mountain. We accordingly climbed up the rocks till we came to a
heap of loose and detached fragments of limestone, from under
which the water appeared to issue, but on climbing up still further, I
came to a large opening in the rock, through which a sunbeam fell,
and upon looking into it, I saw that within there was a large cavern
filled with water perfectly clear, and apparently of great depth, for
when I threw in a large white stone on the spot where the sunbeam
played upon the water, I saw it descend through it for a long time.
Of the extent of this subterraneous lake and cavern it was
impossible to form any idea, for all beyond a few feet from the
opening was darkness. The peasants at Trenta call this source the
Sorga, and they told me that after great melting of the snows the
water rushes also out from the opening, and then forms a very noble
cascade. The water is intensely cold, yet an old peasant assured me,
that on looking through the hole he had sometimes seen fish in the
lake. This, however, seemed very doubtful, for many others said they
had repeatedly been there and had never seen a trace of any living
animal in the water within the mountain. Having taken a sketch or
two and eaten our frugal dinner, we began to think of returning
home, and reascended the rugged path which had brought us to
Trenta, but before we reached the summit of the pass I experienced
great pain in the thighs and legs, so that I was obliged to rest every
now and then. At last, however, we gained the top, and having staid
there for a good quarter of an hour to recruit my strength, we
descended briskly, passed again through the romantic glen of
Kronau, and I found myself at home by seven o'clock. Fifty kreutzers
(1s. 8d. English) made my guide a happy man, and the evening was
passed in recounting to Sir Humphry the adventures of the day.
29th. We left Wurzen this morning, and passed over our old road to
Assling. The scenery of the valley is now more beautiful than when
we last saw it, for trees of every kind appear in full verdure on the
sides of the mountains; beech, oak, ash, walnut, birch, and, last and
highest, the pine, above which are the bare brown rocks, just tipped
with snow. Three leagues beyond Assling we turned out of the post
road, and drove to Radmannsdorf, passing through what much
resembled an English park; fine large trees rising from a verdant
turf, rendering the drive at once shady and agreeable.
Radmannsdorf is a small insignificant town; the only inn it has to
boast of was being repaired and not habitable, so that we were
obliged to go somewhere else, and Sir Humphry determined to
proceed to Veldes and to spend a day or two in that beautiful
neighbourhood. After an hour's drive we arrived there, and with
considerable difficulty, and some danger to the carriage, we got up a
narrow and hilly lane, at the top of which the best inn in the village
is situated, which we however found bad enough. Sir Humphry
begged me immediately to go to the fisherman's at the other side of
the lake, and see what he had. I found in his tank only very large
carp and some small specimens of Silurus glanis. This latter fish is
found in this and one or two more of the Austrian lakes. The
fisherman told me that it here sometimes grows to a great size, and
that the last year he and his fellow-fisherman had caught one that
weighed upwards of two hundred pounds. I chose the smallest carp,
one of five pounds, and a little Silurus, and was then rowed back to
Veldes by the fisherman. The lake was beautifully tranquil and clear,
and in the shade of the mountains, for the evening was already set
in, resembled an extensive surface of black polished marble, only
ruffled by the paddle of the canoe which bore us across it. We had
part of the fish dressed for supper, and we found the carp far
preferable to the Silurus, for the flesh of the latter is flabby and
insipid.
30th. At one o'clock in the morning George called me to Sir
Humphry, who told me that he felt very ill. At four he begged I
would order horses to quit Veldes as soon as possible, but none
could be procured till seven, and then only a pair of cart horses. Sir
Humphry in the meanwhile applied leeches, and found himself
considerably relieved. At seven o'clock we left Veldes, but, as if fated
to be unfortunate in this village, our peasant-postilion drove us
against the projecting roof of a small house, which however did no
further damage than that of dashing the lamps to pieces. We at last
got clear of Veldes, and without further accident soon reached
Safnitz, where we found post horses which took us to Krainburg by
one o'clock, and from thence to Laibach by four, where we took up
our old quarters at Detella's inn.
31st August-7th October. Sir Humphry continued very unwell for two
days, but on the third went out shooting as he used to do formerly.
The ennui of Laibach is terrible, for Sir Humphry sees nobody, and is
daily occupied in shooting or fishing, and it is only when the rain
keeps him at home that he dictates to me the additions and
corrections for "Salmonia," or continues his Irish Tale, "The last of
the O'Donohoes," which he finished on the 13th of September. The
second edition of "Salmonia" was not finished till the 25th, and I
added six little views to it, which Sir Humphry begged I would draw
for him; the first three are from his description, and the remainder
from sketches I have taken on our journey. After "Salmonia" had
been safely despatched to the English Embassy at Vienna, Sir
Humphry determined upon making a little tour to Trieste, and there
to examine the electrical phœnomena presented by the Torpedo, or
Electrical Ray, and we accordingly left Laibach on the 6th of October,
in the afternoon, in a little carriage drawn by Sir Humphry's two
ponies, for he bought another shortly after our arrival at Laibach. We
only went on to Oberlaibach, where we spent the night. Not far from
this small village the river Laibach issues, for the last time, from its
subterraneous passage.
7th. Early this morning I went with two students from Munich, whom
I met on their road to Adelsberg, to see the source of the river. At
the end of a romantic glen, surrounded by fine rocks and wood, the
river oozes out of the hill, forming a large pond, which falls over a
natural dam in front, and is then joined, a few hundred yards below,
by another subterraneous stream, and they together form a tolerably
large river. Parting here from my Munich companions, I returned to
Oberlaibach, when I found Sir Humphry was already gone out
shooting, but he shortly returned, and having shot nothing, we set
out for Planina. Immediately upon leaving Oberlaibach we ascended
a very long and steep hill, the surface of which was everywhere
perforated with large conical pits, much resembling funnels,
affording a striking example of that species of country called by
geologists funnel land. Arrived at the top of the hill we found
ourselves in a wide fertile valley, through which we saw the Laibach
winding slowly, till on reaching the end of the valley it disappears in
the fields, and after pursuing its subterraneous course through the
mountain, again rises to the surface near Ober-Laibach. We stopped
to bait the horses at Loitsch, and then drove on through the valley to
Planina, a dirty village, where we passed the night in a miserable
inn.

From nature by J. J. Tobin - TRIESTE

8th. Leaving Planina early this morning, we ascended a very steep
hill, at the foot of which the Laibach again rises out of the mountains
as it does at Ober-Laibach. The country between Planina and
Adelsberg is bleak and barren, and presents nothing interesting. The
mountain near the latter small town contains the famous grottos of
Adelsberg, formerly thought to be the only spot where that singular
animal the Proteus Anguinus was found. Sir Humphry said there was
no time for me to visit these grottos now, but he thought that he
should pass through Adelsberg again upon his return, and we
accordingly drove into Trewalchen, where we passed over another
long and steep hill. At Sesana we saw the first olive trees; they
much resemble the common willow, but are darker; these and the
flat-roofed houses, and a lighter and more airy style of architecture,
told us that we were approaching Italy. The country between Sesana
and Trieste is wild and bleak, completely covered with broken and
waterworn rocks, over which, ages ago, some great current of the
ocean must have passed, and thus occasioned their present singular
and often fantastic shapes. At the foot of the last hill, which is not
steep, we entered the territory of Trieste, and from its summit one
of the most magnificent sea views I ever beheld burst upon our
sight. Nearly two thousand feet below us lay the wide expanse of
the blue Adriatic, its light waves glittering in the sun-beams,
occasionally shaded by the intercepting clouds. At the foot of the
mountain, and partly concealed by it, appeared Trieste, with its
harbour full of vessels, lying on a small promontory. Looking over
the town and across the bay the eye embraces the whole hilly coast
of Istria, with the towns of Capo d'Istria, Pirano, and others; and
promontory is seen beyond promontory till the more distant ones
can no longer be distinguished from the waves. The right or opposite
coast, stretching down to Venice, is flat, and the last visible point on
it is the ancient town of Aquilea; but behind this low and marshy
tract the distant Alps of the Friul are seen, covered with eternal
snow. After stopping the carriage for some time to admire this
magnificent view, we descended the hill by a very winding and steep
road. Every thing bespoke the approach to a large and commercial
city, and the road was filled with carts and waggons coming and
going, loaded with merchandize. In some of them we counted
twenty horses, in another twenty-four oxen, with twelve drivers, who
made a terrible noise with their mouths as well as their whips to
animate their strong and fine beasts during their ascent. A new road
is now building which, when finished, will render the great number
of cattle now obliged to be used unnecessary. We reached the gate
of Trieste about four o'clock, and after driving through some fine
wide streets wholly paved with flagstones, and across the
Ponterosso, a miserable little bridge, we took up our quarters at the
Locanda Grande, in the market-place; but our rooms looked towards
the harbour and sea, and immediately beneath them we heard the
joyous noise and bustle of the sailors. What a difference between
this town and the inland cities of Germany! There all seems dead or
asleep, and hardly a living soul is to be seen in the streets; here, on
the contrary, all is activity and animation. The representatives of all
nations seem assembled here,—Italians, Germans, English, and
Americans, with Greeks and Turks in their national dresses, are seen
walking through the streets or sitting before the doors of the cafés:
this latter applies especially to the Turks, who, in their graceful
costume with their long pipes, attract the notice of every stranger
unaccustomed to see individuals of this nation.
Leaving Sir Humphry to repose in his room, I took a walk about the
town and harbour. The streets are generally broad, well paved, and
clean, and the houses are lofty and well built. The harbour is full of
small craft, but I saw but one large merchantman, lately arrived
from the Brazils. Near the Molo san Carlo, a small pier, lay a steam-
boat which was to start the next morning for Venice. To the left of
the town, looking towards the sea, and at a considerable distance
from the houses, is the Lazaretto, a large and spacious building,
close to a basin or dock, in which the vessels lie whilst performing
quarantine. After dinner I went with Sir Humphry to the theatre,
which is an elegant and lofty building, with five tiers of boxes very
tastefully ornamented. The piece performed was an opera, The
Arabs in Gaul, but spite of the magnificent decorations and really
fine music, Sir Humphry soon became tired, and we returned to our
Shakspeare and ecarté. I sleep to-night, for the first time in my life,
in the bed-room of an Emperor; a little chamber with only one
window in it, and with which, I think, few Emperors of the present
day would be content. Above the bed is painted a gorgeous crown
and encircling canopy, beneath which, on a small marble tablet, are
the following words:—
Locus iste Imperatoris
Josephi Secundi
Habitatio fuit XV Maji.

The year was either never mentioned, or has been rubbed out.
9th. The noise of the sailors and the hum of business—sounds long
foreign to my ear—greeted me upon waking this morning, and on
looking out of my window I saw a number of people upon the quay
below, buying fish from the sailors of some fishing-boats that had
just come into the harbour. After breakfast I accompanied Sir
Humphry on a visit to the British Consul, Colonel D——, who politely
promised to send Sir Humphry a fisherman who could supply him
with some living torpedos for his experiments. Sir Humphry
afterwards rode out on his pony, George attending him, whilst I took
a walk on the hill above the town. I had intended to visit the
stalactite grotto at Corneale to-day, as Sir Humphry, who had seen it
ten years ago, said it was well worth notice; but on coming away
from Colonel D——'s I found that it was too late.
10th. I left Trieste early this morning, with a guide, to visit the
grotto. After a three hours' walk over two very long and steep hills,
from which however the view over the Adriatic, with numberless
white sails flitting across its waves, the two coasts, the harbour with
its shipping, the town and the gardens surrounding it planted with
cypresses and olives, was magnificent, we reached Corneale, a small
and dirty village, and having here provided ourselves with a man
carrying a large lamp, and some boys with candles, proceeded over
some very rough and stony fields to the grotto. The entrance was
not, as I had expected, in the side of a hill, but in the open fields,
and surrounded by a wall. Having lighted our lamp and candles, I
took off my coat, and we began the descent down some very slight
wooden stairs, the steps and railing of which were, as I afterwards
found to my cost, not only slippery, but quite rotten from the
continual dripping. The entrance, or hall, is a fine lofty dark vault,
supported in the middle by one enormous stalactite column. Beyond
this the cave becomes narrower, and the numberless stalactites of all
sizes present a greater variety of forms than it is possible to
describe: immense cauliflowers, trunks of trees, fruits; rounds and
ovals of all sizes, from that of a marble to globes of many feet in
diameter; pyramids rising up from below, and whose bases are lost
in profound darkness; myriads of peaks hanging from the roof, often
invisible to the eye, are seen at every step.
These different forms, the deathlike stillness of the cave, the total
darkness, except in those points where the guides placed themselves
so as to illuminate the most striking objects; deep precipices before
and around me, from out of which here and there a single snow
Welcome to our website – the ideal destination for book lovers and
knowledge seekers. With a mission to inspire endlessly, we offer a
vast collection of books, ranging from classic literary works to
specialized publications, self-development books, and children's
literature. Each book is a new journey of discovery, expanding
knowledge and enriching the soul of the reade

Our website is not just a platform for buying books, but a bridge
connecting readers to the timeless values of culture and wisdom. With
an elegant, user-friendly interface and an intelligent search system,
we are committed to providing a quick and convenient shopping
experience. Additionally, our special promotions and home delivery
services ensure that you save time and fully enjoy the joy of reading.

Let us accompany you on the journey of exploring knowledge and

personal growth!

ebookultra.com

The Ultimate Job Hunter s Guidebook 7th Edition Susan D. Green instant download
100% (1)
The Ultimate Job Hunter s Guidebook 7th Edition Susan D. Green instant download
66 pages
Java Programming 8th Edition Joyce Farrell Download PDF
100% (6)
Java Programming 8th Edition Joyce Farrell Download PDF
84 pages
Microsoft Access Tutorial
100% (1)
Microsoft Access Tutorial
70 pages
Android Video Encryption and Sharing: Modules
No ratings yet
Android Video Encryption and Sharing: Modules
2 pages
Java TM Programming From Problem Analysis to Program Design 5th Edition D. S. Malikinstant download
100% (1)
Java TM Programming From Problem Analysis to Program Design 5th Edition D. S. Malikinstant download
47 pages
(eBook PDF) A First Course in Differential Equations with Modeling Applications 10 pdf download
100% (1)
(eBook PDF) A First Course in Differential Equations with Modeling Applications 10 pdf download
59 pages
Clearly Visual Basic Programming with Microsoft Visual Basic 2012 3rd Edition Diane Zak pdf download
100% (1)
Clearly Visual Basic Programming with Microsoft Visual Basic 2012 3rd Edition Diane Zak pdf download
54 pages
Computer Security and Penetration Testing 2nd Edition Alfred Basta pdf download
100% (1)
Computer Security and Penetration Testing 2nd Edition Alfred Basta pdf download
61 pages
Clearly Visual Basic Programming with Microsoft Visual Basic 2012 3rd Edition Diane Zak - Download the ebook today and experience the full content
No ratings yet
Clearly Visual Basic Programming with Microsoft Visual Basic 2012 3rd Edition Diane Zak - Download the ebook today and experience the full content
42 pages
(Ebook) Electrical Wiring Industrial (15th edition) by Stephen L. Herman ISBN 9781285054216, 9782013945448, 2013945442, 1285054210 - Download the ebook today and own the complete content
100% (3)
(Ebook) Electrical Wiring Industrial (15th edition) by Stephen L. Herman ISBN 9781285054216, 9782013945448, 2013945442, 1285054210 - Download the ebook today and own the complete content
60 pages
(Ebook) Digital Signal Processing Using MATLAB, 3rd Edition by Vinay K. Ingle, John G. Proakis ISBN 9781111427375, 1111427372 instant download
100% (1)
(Ebook) Digital Signal Processing Using MATLAB, 3rd Edition by Vinay K. Ingle, John G. Proakis ISBN 9781111427375, 1111427372 instant download
41 pages
Guide to Computer Forensics and Investigations Processing Digital Evidence 5th Edition Bill Nelson instant download
100% (1)
Guide to Computer Forensics and Investigations Processing Digital Evidence 5th Edition Bill Nelson instant download
59 pages
Guide to Computer Forensics and Investigations Processing Digital Evidence 5th Edition Bill Nelson - Explore the complete ebook content with the fastest download
100% (2)
Guide to Computer Forensics and Investigations Processing Digital Evidence 5th Edition Bill Nelson - Explore the complete ebook content with the fastest download
47 pages
Java Programming (MindTap Course List), 10th Edition Joyce Farrell download
100% (2)
Java Programming (MindTap Course List), 10th Edition Joyce Farrell download
43 pages
C for Engineers and Scientists 3rd Edition Gary J. Bronson instant download
100% (1)
C for Engineers and Scientists 3rd Edition Gary J. Bronson instant download
52 pages
Get (Original PDF) Differential Equations with Boundary-Value Problems 8th free all chapters
100% (1)
Get (Original PDF) Differential Equations with Boundary-Value Problems 8th free all chapters
46 pages
Understanding Operating Systems 7th Edition by Ida Flynn, Ann McIver McHoes 128509655X 978-1285096551 - Download the ebook now and own the full detailed content
100% (5)
Understanding Operating Systems 7th Edition by Ida Flynn, Ann McIver McHoes 128509655X 978-1285096551 - Download the ebook now and own the full detailed content
77 pages
(Ebook) Essentials of Psychology: Concepts and Applications by Jeffrey S. Nevid ISBN 9781111301217, 1111301212 instant download
100% (1)
(Ebook) Essentials of Psychology: Concepts and Applications by Jeffrey S. Nevid ISBN 9781111301217, 1111301212 instant download
47 pages
(eBook PDF) A First Course in Differential Equations with Modeling Applications 10 2024 Scribd Download
100% (1)
(eBook PDF) A First Course in Differential Equations with Modeling Applications 10 2024 Scribd Download
50 pages
[FREE PDF sample] ORGB 6: Organisational Behavior 6th Edition Debra L. Nelson - eBook PDF ebooks
100% (5)
[FREE PDF sample] ORGB 6: Organisational Behavior 6th Edition Debra L. Nelson - eBook PDF ebooks
42 pages
C++ for Engineers and Scientists Introduction to Programming 3rd Edition by Gary Bronson ISBN 0324786433 9780324786439 instant download
100% (4)
C++ for Engineers and Scientists Introduction to Programming 3rd Edition by Gary Bronson ISBN 0324786433 9780324786439 instant download
41 pages
Electrical Wiring Industrial 15th Edition Stephen L. Herman instant download
100% (1)
Electrical Wiring Industrial 15th Edition Stephen L. Herman instant download
56 pages
Understanding Icd10cm And Icd10pcs A Worktext 2nd Edition Mary Jo Bowie instant download
No ratings yet
Understanding Icd10cm And Icd10pcs A Worktext 2nd Edition Mary Jo Bowie instant download
82 pages
Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology 4th Edition Donald C Rizzo pdf download
100% (1)
Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology 4th Edition Donald C Rizzo pdf download
61 pages
Information Technology Project Management 8th edition by Kathy Schwalbe 1285452348 9798214345932 download
100% (1)
Information Technology Project Management 8th edition by Kathy Schwalbe 1285452348 9798214345932 download
41 pages
Microeconomics 5th Edition N. Mankiw pdf download
100% (2)
Microeconomics 5th Edition N. Mankiw pdf download
42 pages
(Ebook) International economics by Robert J. Carbaugh ISBN 9781439038949, 1439038945 - Download the full ebook set with all chapters in PDF format
100% (2)
(Ebook) International economics by Robert J. Carbaugh ISBN 9781439038949, 1439038945 - Download the full ebook set with all chapters in PDF format
51 pages
New Perspectives on Computer Concepts 2018 - Introductory 20th edition - eBook PDF - The ebook in PDF format is available for download
No ratings yet
New Perspectives on Computer Concepts 2018 - Introductory 20th edition - eBook PDF - The ebook in PDF format is available for download
52 pages
Readings from Programming with C++ 1st Edition Kyla Mcmullen pdf download
100% (2)
Readings from Programming with C++ 1st Edition Kyla Mcmullen pdf download
71 pages
Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense Third Edition Michael T. Simpson - eBook PDF pdf download
100% (1)
Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense Third Edition Michael T. Simpson - eBook PDF pdf download
60 pages
Personal Financial Planning 14th Edition Randy Billingsley download
100% (1)
Personal Financial Planning 14th Edition Randy Billingsley download
59 pages
Digital Signal Processing using MATLAB 3rd Edition Robert J. Schilling - The ebook is ready for download to explore the complete content
100% (1)
Digital Signal Processing using MATLAB 3rd Edition Robert J. Schilling - The ebook is ready for download to explore the complete content
57 pages
Programming Logic & Design, Comprehensive 9th edition Joyce Farrell - eBook PDF - The latest updated ebook is now available for download
No ratings yet
Programming Logic & Design, Comprehensive 9th edition Joyce Farrell - eBook PDF - The latest updated ebook is now available for download
57 pages
Microeconomics 5th Edition N. Mankiw instant download
100% (3)
Microeconomics 5th Edition N. Mankiw instant download
83 pages
Data Communication and Computer Networks A Business User s Approach Ninth Edition Westpdf download
100% (1)
Data Communication and Computer Networks A Business User s Approach Ninth Edition Westpdf download
47 pages
C++ Programming Program Design Including Data Structures 5th Edition by Malik ISBN 0538798092 9780538798099 pdf download
100% (4)
C++ Programming Program Design Including Data Structures 5th Edition by Malik ISBN 0538798092 9780538798099 pdf download
50 pages
Human Heredity Principles and Issues 9th Edition Michael R. Cummings download
100% (1)
Human Heredity Principles and Issues 9th Edition Michael R. Cummings download
57 pages
Discover Health Psychology An Introduction to Behavior and Health 10th Edition Ebook Download
No ratings yet
Discover Health Psychology An Introduction to Behavior and Health 10th Edition Ebook Download
17 pages
Health Psychology An Introduction to Behavior and Health 10th Edition Linda Brannon download
100% (2)
Health Psychology An Introduction to Behavior and Health 10th Edition Linda Brannon download
72 pages
Marketing 2014 17th Edition William M. Pride - Download the full ebook now for a seamless reading experience
100% (1)
Marketing 2014 17th Edition William M. Pride - Download the full ebook now for a seamless reading experience
48 pages
Immediate download Java Programming 7th Edition Joyce Farrell ebooks 2024
100% (7)
Immediate download Java Programming 7th Edition Joyce Farrell ebooks 2024
81 pages
Exclusive Own Clinical Anatomy & Physiology of the Swallow Mechanism 2nd Edition Complete EPUB Download
No ratings yet
Exclusive Own Clinical Anatomy & Physiology of the Swallow Mechanism 2nd Edition Complete EPUB Download
14 pages
(Ebook) The Pharmacy Technician: A Comprehensive Approach , Second Edition by Jahangir Moini ISBN 9781435499591, 143549959X download
100% (1)
(Ebook) The Pharmacy Technician: A Comprehensive Approach , Second Edition by Jahangir Moini ISBN 9781435499591, 143549959X download
53 pages
(Ebook) SharePoint 2007 Disaster Recovery Guide by John L. Ferringer, Sean McDonough ISBN 9781584505990, 1584505990 2024 scribd download
100% (1)
(Ebook) SharePoint 2007 Disaster Recovery Guide by John L. Ferringer, Sean McDonough ISBN 9781584505990, 1584505990 2024 scribd download
67 pages
(eBook PDF) Creative Activities and Curriculum for Young Children 11th Editionpdf download
100% (4)
(eBook PDF) Creative Activities and Curriculum for Young Children 11th Editionpdf download
52 pages
(Ebook) Precalculus, 5th Edition by J. Douglas Faires, James DeFranza ISBN 9780840068620, 084006862X instant download
100% (1)
(Ebook) Precalculus, 5th Edition by J. Douglas Faires, James DeFranza ISBN 9780840068620, 084006862X instant download
56 pages
Fundamentals of Information Systems 6th Edition Ralph Stair download
100% (1)
Fundamentals of Information Systems 6th Edition Ralph Stair download
54 pages
Psychology A Journey 5th Edition Dennis Coon - Instantly access the full ebook content in just a few seconds
100% (1)
Psychology A Journey 5th Edition Dennis Coon - Instantly access the full ebook content in just a few seconds
31 pages
Instant download Digital Logic & Microprocessor Design With Interfacing, 2nd Edition Enoch O. Hwang - eBook PDF pdf all chapter
100% (1)
Instant download Digital Logic & Microprocessor Design With Interfacing, 2nd Edition Enoch O. Hwang - eBook PDF pdf all chapter
44 pages
German for Reading Knowledge (World Languages) – Ebook PDF Versiondownload
100% (2)
German for Reading Knowledge (World Languages) – Ebook PDF Versiondownload
56 pages
Digital Logic & Microprocessor Design With Interfacing, 2nd Edition Enoch O. Hwang - eBook PDF - Download the ebook today and own the complete version
100% (1)
Digital Logic & Microprocessor Design With Interfacing, 2nd Edition Enoch O. Hwang - eBook PDF - Download the ebook today and own the complete version
54 pages
(Ebook) The Essentials of Statistics: A Tool for Social Research by Joseph F. Healey ISBN 9781305093836, 1305093836download
100% (2)
(Ebook) The Essentials of Statistics: A Tool for Social Research by Joseph F. Healey ISBN 9781305093836, 1305093836download
60 pages
An Introduction to Human Services, 9th Edition All Sections Download
100% (6)
An Introduction to Human Services, 9th Edition All Sections Download
15 pages
Java Programming 8th Edition Joyce Farrell download
100% (8)
Java Programming 8th Edition Joyce Farrell download
80 pages
(Ebook) International Economics by Robert Carbaugh ISBN 9780357518915, 0357518918 - Download the full ebook now to never miss any detail
100% (1)
(Ebook) International Economics by Robert Carbaugh ISBN 9780357518915, 0357518918 - Download the full ebook now to never miss any detail
75 pages
The Graphic Designer s Digital Toolkit A Project Based Introduction to Adobe Photoshop CS5 Illustrator CS5 and Indesign CS5 5th Edition Allan B. Wood pdf download
100% (2)
The Graphic Designer s Digital Toolkit A Project Based Introduction to Adobe Photoshop CS5 Illustrator CS5 and Indesign CS5 5th Edition Allan B. Wood pdf download
49 pages
SharePoint 2007 Disaster Recovery Guide 1st Edition John L. Ferringer - The ebook in PDF/DOCX format is available for instant download
100% (1)
SharePoint 2007 Disaster Recovery Guide 1st Edition John L. Ferringer - The ebook in PDF/DOCX format is available for instant download
47 pages
Touchpad iPrime Ver 1.1 Class 4
From Everand
Touchpad iPrime Ver 1.1 Class 4
Team Orange
No ratings yet
Trackpad iPro Ver. 4.0 Class 4
From Everand
Trackpad iPro Ver. 4.0 Class 4
Team Orange
No ratings yet
Introduction to Java Programming, 2nd Edition
From Everand
Introduction to Java Programming, 2nd Edition
Prof. Sham Tickoo
5/5 (1)
Touchpad iPrime Ver. 2.1 Class 4: Windows 10 & MS Office 2016
From Everand
Touchpad iPrime Ver. 2.1 Class 4: Windows 10 & MS Office 2016
Team Orange
No ratings yet
Burp Suite Essentials
From Everand
Burp Suite Essentials
Akash Mahajan
4.5/5 (5)
2597399Optimal Transport Methods In Economics Alfred Galichon download
No ratings yet
2597399Optimal Transport Methods In Economics Alfred Galichon download
42 pages
Facing Down Failure How Eight Entrepreneurial Teams are Riding the Risks of Innovation 2nd Edition Sarah Cheah - Instantly access the complete ebook with just one click
100% (1)
Facing Down Failure How Eight Entrepreneurial Teams are Riding the Risks of Innovation 2nd Edition Sarah Cheah - Instantly access the complete ebook with just one click
62 pages
Fundamentals of Software Testing 2nd Edition Revised and Updated Bernard Homès - The latest ebook is available for instant download now
100% (1)
Fundamentals of Software Testing 2nd Edition Revised and Updated Bernard Homès - The latest ebook is available for instant download now
58 pages
The Legal Order 1st Edition Santi Romano - Download the ebook today and own the complete content
100% (1)
The Legal Order 1st Edition Santi Romano - Download the ebook today and own the complete content
52 pages
O Pioneers Webster s Chinese Traditional Thesaurus Edition Willa Cather - Download the ebook today to explore every detail
100% (1)
O Pioneers Webster s Chinese Traditional Thesaurus Edition Willa Cather - Download the ebook today to explore every detail
48 pages
ISO TECH IPS 3303D Data Sheet
No ratings yet
ISO TECH IPS 3303D Data Sheet
2 pages
Online Exit Process For Non Govt Subscriber
No ratings yet
Online Exit Process For Non Govt Subscriber
26 pages
University of Regina Carmeli: City of Malolos, Bulacan 3000 Philippines College of Computer Science and Engineering
No ratings yet
University of Regina Carmeli: City of Malolos, Bulacan 3000 Philippines College of Computer Science and Engineering
7 pages
U.are.U SDK Developer Guide
100% (2)
U.are.U SDK Developer Guide
78 pages
Lecture 1 Intro
No ratings yet
Lecture 1 Intro
14 pages
Chapter - 5 Software Effort Estimation
No ratings yet
Chapter - 5 Software Effort Estimation
48 pages
MergeResult 5013
No ratings yet
MergeResult 5013
28 pages
CQRS Pattern
No ratings yet
CQRS Pattern
9 pages
Configuring Data Access and Protection Slides
No ratings yet
Configuring Data Access and Protection Slides
48 pages
Se (10,11,12,13,19,23)
No ratings yet
Se (10,11,12,13,19,23)
30 pages
Use The Graphs To Answer The Questions Below. 1. 2.: Alg Ii Honors Name Period Assignment
No ratings yet
Use The Graphs To Answer The Questions Below. 1. 2.: Alg Ii Honors Name Period Assignment
2 pages
CNE #Micro Project
No ratings yet
CNE #Micro Project
29 pages
CAPSTONE PROJECT SAMPLE REPORT - PU (1) (2)
No ratings yet
CAPSTONE PROJECT SAMPLE REPORT - PU (1) (2)
17 pages
Cheat Database Setup Guides
No ratings yet
Cheat Database Setup Guides
6 pages
BRKCRS 1501
No ratings yet
BRKCRS 1501
64 pages
Security Awareness Training: Cjis Security Policy V5.7 Policy Area 5.2
100% (1)
Security Awareness Training: Cjis Security Policy V5.7 Policy Area 5.2
102 pages
Get CompTIA Network Study Guide Sixth Edition Exam N10 009 for True Epub Todd Lammle & Jon Buhagiar free all chapters
71% (7)
Get CompTIA Network Study Guide Sixth Edition Exam N10 009 for True Epub Todd Lammle & Jon Buhagiar free all chapters
61 pages
Dokumen - Tips - Sugar Developer Guide 6 Sugarcrm Support Developer Guide 67 1 770 Sugar Developer
No ratings yet
Dokumen - Tips - Sugar Developer Guide 6 Sugarcrm Support Developer Guide 67 1 770 Sugar Developer
770 pages
Phishing Seminar Report
No ratings yet
Phishing Seminar Report
27 pages
Information Assurance and Cybersecurity
No ratings yet
Information Assurance and Cybersecurity
18 pages
Lime3ds Log - Old
No ratings yet
Lime3ds Log - Old
12 pages
Class VIII Computer Practice
No ratings yet
Class VIII Computer Practice
1 page
Super Market Automation Software
No ratings yet
Super Market Automation Software
31 pages
Manual K2 Prime 20140527 EN
100% (1)
Manual K2 Prime 20140527 EN
93 pages
Energy Management Controller EMS
No ratings yet
Energy Management Controller EMS
6 pages
CRM Practices of Amazon
No ratings yet
CRM Practices of Amazon
45 pages
Use of Computer in Agriculture
100% (1)
Use of Computer in Agriculture
5 pages
Adaptive Digital Filters
No ratings yet
Adaptive Digital Filters
10 pages

Java Programming 7th Edition Joyce Farrell - The complete ebook is available for download with one click

Uploaded by

Java Programming 7th Edition Joyce Farrell - The complete ebook is available for download with one click

Uploaded by

Visit https://ebookultra.

com to download the full version and

Java Programming 7th Edition Joyce Farrell

_____ Click the link below to download _____

Explore and download more ebooks or textbooks at ebookultra.com

Java Programming 8th Edition Joyce Farrell

Programming Logic and Design Comprehensive 6th Edition

Java Programs to Accompany Programming Logic and Design

Computer programming for teens 1st Edition Mary E. Farrell

Java Programming 10 Minute Solutions 1st Edition Mark

Killer Game Programming in Java 1st Edition Andrew Davison

Introduction to Programming with Java 3rd Edition John

The Java TM Programming Language 4th Edition Ken Arnold

Access student data files and other study

For detailed instructions visit

Store your Data Files on a USB drive for maximum efficiency in

Macintosh users should use a program to expand WinZip or PKZip archives.

Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning

Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson

For your course and learning solutions, visit

Printed in the United States of America

C H AP T E R 1 Creating Java Programs . . . . . . . . . . . 1

C H AP T E R 3 Using Methods, Classes, and Objects . . . . 117

Creating and Calling Constructors with Parameters . . . . . . . 196

C H AP T E R 5 Making Decisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

Using Multiple Statements in if and if…else Clauses . . . . 250

C H AP T E R 7 Characters, Strings, and the StringBuilder . . . . 349

C H AP T E R 9 Advanced Array Concepts . . . . . . . . . 443

C H AP T E R 1 0 Introduction to Inheritance . . . . . . . . . 499

C H AP T E R 1 1 Advanced Inheritance Concepts . . . . . . . 547

C H AP T E R 1 2 Exception Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . 603

C H AP T E R 1 3 File Input and Output . . . . . . . . . . . . 675

C H AP T E R 1 4 Introduction to Swing Components . . . . . 739

C H AP T E R 1 5 Advanced GUI Topics . . . . . . . . . . . . 801

From nature by J. J. Tobin - ISCHL

"Anno MDXXI. die XXIII Septembris vitam cum morte mutavit."

On my return I passed by the house in which he died, and on the

From nature by J. J. Tobin - TRIESTE

Let us accompany you on the journey of exploring knowledge and

You might also like

_ Click the link below to download _