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Handout 4.3 Linear Functions Table

The document provides an overview of linear functions, defining them as first-degree polynomial functions with a straight line graph. It includes examples of transforming standard form equations into function form to identify slope and intercepts, as well as exercises for practice. Additionally, it discusses how to determine if given relations are linear functions and provides methods for solving related problems.

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RENZO ALYSTE DOLOT
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© © All Rights Reserved
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4 views

Handout 4.3 Linear Functions Table

The document provides an overview of linear functions, defining them as first-degree polynomial functions with a straight line graph. It includes examples of transforming standard form equations into function form to identify slope and intercepts, as well as exercises for practice. Additionally, it discusses how to determine if given relations are linear functions and provides methods for solving related problems.

Uploaded by

RENZO ALYSTE DOLOT
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HANDOUT 4.

3
LINEAR FUNCTIONS

A linear function is a polynomial function of the first degree whose graph is a


straight continuous line, thus the domain and range of the linear function is the set
of all real numbers.

𝑨𝒙 + 𝑩𝒚 = 𝑪 is the standard form of linear function.

Example 1 Given the linear function 3x − 5 y = 4

Transform the given form to function form and determine the


values of the slope 𝒎, and the intercepts 𝒂 and 𝒃.

• To convert the given equation 3 x − 5 y = 4 to the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, simply solve for


y:
3x − 5 y = 4
− 5 y = 4 − 3x Subtract 3x both sides of the equation.
− 5 y = −3 x + 4 Rearrange the terms in the right side.
− 5 y − 3x 4
= + Divide all terms in the equation by – 5 to solve
−5 −5 −5
for y.
3 4
y= x−
5 5
3 4 3
• The function y = x − is now of the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, therefore m = and
5 5 5
4
b=− .
5
• To solve for the x – intercept 𝑎, solve for the value of 𝑥 when 𝑦 = 0.
3 4
y= x−
5 5
3 4
0= x−
5 5
3x − 4
=0
5
3x − 4 = 0 4
The x – intercept a =
3x = 4 3
4
x=
3

Example 2 Given the linear function 2x + 3y = 6

Transform the given form to function form and determine the


values of the slope 𝒎, and the intercepts 𝒂 and 𝒃.

• To convert the given equation 2 x + 3 y = 6 to the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, simply solve


for y:
2x + 3y = 6
3y = 6 − 2x Subtract 2 x both sides of the equation.
3 y = −2 x + 6 Rearrange the terms in the right side.
3y − 2x 6
= + Divide all terms in the equation by 3 to solve
3 3 3
for y.
2
y=− x+2
3
2 2
• y=− x + 2 is now of the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, therefore m = − and b = 2 .
3 3
• To solve for the x – intercept 𝑎, solve for the value of 𝑥 when 𝑦 = 0. Either of the
2
two forms 2 x + 3 y = 6 or y = − x + 2 can be used. In this case it is easier to use
3
2x + 3y = 6 .
2x + 3y = 6
2 x + 3(0) = 6 Solve for of 𝑥 when 𝑦 = 0.
2x = 6
x=3 The x – intercept a = 3

Example 3 Show that the slope m of the linear equation


A
Ax + By = C is m=− .
B
• Transform the standard form 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶 to the function form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 and
the coefficient of 𝑥 is the slope 𝑚.
Ax + By = C
By = C − Ax Subtract Ax both sides of the equation.
By = − Ax + C Rearrange the terms in the right side.
−A C
y= x+ Divide both sides of the equation by B .
B B
A C A
• y=− x+ is now of the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, therefore m = −
B B B

EXERCISES

A. Rewrite each linear functions to the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 and determine the values of the
slope 𝑚, and the intercepts 𝑎 and 𝑏, then graph.
x y x y 1
1. y − x = 4 4. + = 1 7. − =
3 5 4 3 5
2. y + 2 x − 3 = 0 5. 2(x − 3 y + 2) = 3(2 x + y − 1) 8. x + y = 2 + x − y
2  3  2y − 5
3. 3x − 4 y − 12 = 0 6. 1 − x  =
3 8  4

B. Determine which of the following relations are linear functions, if the relation is not linear,
explain why such is not a linear function.

− 3y + 2
1. y= 6. y = 2 x − 5
4
x 2 − 3x − 4 x 4
2. y= 7. + +1 = 0
x−4 3 y
3. y = 2x + 3 8. 2x + 3y = 5
x −5 y +4
4. + =1 9. 2x − 3y = 4
3 2
 2x 
5. 2( x − 2 y ) = 3 4 y +  −1 10. ( x − 2 ) = −8( y − 2 )
2

 3 

C. Determine if a table is linear. If yes, find the equation that represents the
relationship of the x and y-values in the table. Express the equation in the form
y = mx + b.
1) x 0 1 2 3 4) x 1 2 4 7 8 7) x 1 2 3 4 5 6
y 3 7 11 15 y 8 17 35 62 71 y 5 11 29 85 245 731

2) x 0 1 2 3 5) x 3 15 9 6 27 39 8) x 1 2 3 4 5 6
-
y 3 -5 -7 -9 y 20 12 16 18 4 -4 y 4 6 6 4 0 -6

3) x 0 1 2 3 6) x 0 1 2 3 4 5 9) x 0 1 2 3 4 5
y 2 2.5 3 3.5 y 5 7 13 23 37 55 y 1 6 17 34 57 86

D. Solve
1. Given that f is a linear function where 𝑓(0) = 20and 𝑓(4) = 0, what is the value of
𝑓(10)?
2. g is a linear function with 𝑔(5) = 0 and 𝑔(0) = 10. Find 𝑔(10).
If 𝑓(1) = 5, 𝑓(2) = 8 and 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏, what is the value of 𝑓(3)?
3.
𝑔(𝑥)is a linear function such that 𝑔(0) = 5 and 𝑔(1) = 11. Find the value of
4.

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