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Other documents randomly have
different content
The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Bay State
Oologist, Vol. 1 No. 4, April 1888
This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States
and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it
under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this
ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the
United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where
you are located before using this eBook.

Title: The Bay State Oologist, Vol. 1 No. 4, April 1888

Author: Various

Editor: W. H. Foote

Release date: December 17, 2018 [eBook #58488]

Language: English

Credits: Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at

http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
generously made available by The Internet Archive)

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BAY STATE

OOLOGIST, VOL. 1 NO. 4, APRIL 1888 ***
 Entered at Pittsfield Post Office as second-class matter.
VOL. 1. APRIL. 1888. No. 4.

THE
BAY STATE
OOLOGIST,
A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
the Study of Birds, their
Nests and Eggs.

EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY

W. H. FOOTE, PITTSFIELD, MASS.
Subscription Price 50 Cents per Year in Advance
Press of H. C. KELLS, Book and Job Printer.
 CONTENTS.
Vol. 1, No. 4. April, 1888.

Notes on Some Birds of Texas J. A. Singley 25

The Nashville Warbler Wm. L.
Kells 27
Instructions for Collecting and Preserving Birds J. A. Singley
and Eggs 28
Editorial 30
Publications Received 30
The Pileated Woodpecker J. W. Jacobs 31
A Day’s Collecting H. C. Cook 32

Always mention “The Bay State Oologist” when answering

Advertisements.

“THE AUK”
A Quarterly Journal of Ornithology. $3 a year. 75 cents a
single number. Published for The American Ornithologists’ Union.
The “AUK” will present, as herefore, timely and interesting papers
on the subject to which it relates, and its readers may feel sure of
being kept abreast of the advances in the science. The “AUK” is
primarily intended as a communication between ornithologists. While
necessarily to some degree technical, it contains a fair proportion of
matter of a popular character. Its notices of recent literature cover
the whole field of North American Ornithology and with the
department of “General Notes” and “Notes and News” render the
journal indispensable to those wishing the latest and fullest
intelligence of the subject.
L. S FOSTER, Publisher, 35 Pine St., New York.

ARE YOU INTERESTED IN BIRDS?

If you are, send 10 cents for circulars of BOOKS, GUNS, etc., for
Collectors, and a specimen copy of our magazine.
ORNITHOLOGIST & OOLOGIST,
409 WASHINGTON STREET,
Boston, Mass.

OLD COINS! STAMPS!

Largest Stock! Lowest Prices!
32 pp. book, 3 cts. Agents wanted. You can increase your
collection without cash. Will you act?
W.F. GREANY,
San Francisco, 827 Brannan St., Cal.
 BIRDS’ EGGS AND SKINS
AT REASONABLE PRICES.
Send Stamp for List; Address
J. A. SINGLEY, Giddings,
Box 58. Lee Co., TEXAS.

$1.00 GIVEN AWAY.

By means of our “Trial Order Certificate.” Send 5 1c. stamps for
Certificate and 20 pp. catalogue of Birds’ Eggs, Shells, Minerals,
Instruments, etc., at prices that will astonish you.
Natural History Papers insert this and above 3 mos. Send marked
copies and bill, payable in anything we advertise.
DICKINSON & DURKEE,
SHARON, WIS.

Collectors & Dealers

Desiring first-class Specimens, would do well to write to
R. E. Rachford & Son, Collecting Naturalists
AND
Wholesale Dealers in Birds’ Skins and Eggs.
Beaumont, Jefferson Co., Texas.
 The Bay State Oologist.

VOL. 1. PITTSFIELD. MASS., APRIL, 1888. NO. 4.

 Notes on Some Birds of Texas.
BY J. A. SINGLEY, ESQ.
(continued from page 11.)

No. 36. Lophophanes bicolor (Linn.). Tufted

Titmouse.
They are not very particular about a nesting place—provided it’s a
hollow—and will indifferently occupy a natural cavity in a tree, an old
woodpecker’s nest or a martin box. The nest is composed of dead
leaves and moss and very often cast-off snake-skin, invariably lined
with some sort of animals’ hair.
The bird will not leave the nest after incubation commences, but
will sit close while the entrance to the nest is being enlarged, and
when a hand is inserted in the cavity will puff itself up, make a
hissing noise and peck at the intruder. It has to be lifted off the nest
before the eggs can be taken, thus making identification positive.
The number of eggs in a set varies from four to eight, usually six
or seven, and varying from a blunt oval to elongated, almost equal-
ended: white, spotted with reddish-brown, thickest at the larger end,
where are also found some obscure lilac shell markings. Sometimes
the brown is very pale and the spots few and small. Eggs like this
resemble those of the Plain Titmouse. A series of fifteen eggs
average .75×.36 inches. Two or more broods are raised, fresh eggs
being found from the 1st of April to the last of May.

No. 42. Parus carolinensis (Aud.,) Carolina

Chickadee.
 Like the last, this is called “Tomtit” by the natives. It shares most
of the habits of the Titmouse but I don’t think it is a nest robber.
This species is very like the Black-capped Chickadee of the Eastern
States, replacing that species in the South Atlantic and Gulf States.
The chin, throat and top of head to nape, black, sides of head,
whitish; rest of upper parts brownish-ash; under parts dingy white
and slightly brownish on the sides. Wings and tail like the upper
parts. A specimen before me measures—length, 4.53 in.; extent,
7.02 in.; wing, 2.46; tail, 2.24. It is very close to P. atricapillus and
should really be listed as a variety of that species.
This Chickadee is resident here, and is found chiefly in the
timbered uplands, where its merry “Chick-a-dee-dee” is heard all the
year round.
It commences nesting in March, and fresh eggs can be found until
June (thus indicating that two or three broods are raised in a
season.) It is a little more choice in its location for a nest than the
Titmouse. A deserted Woodpecker’s nest is often used, but the
majority of the nests I find are in rotten black-jack stubs and
excavated by the birds themselves. A few of them nest in boxes that
I’ve nailed up in the woods. The nests vary but little being built of
moss, cotton (when obtainable) a few feathers and generally lined
with rabbit fur, sometimes with the hair or fur of other animals. The
bird sets close when the nest is disturbed and it is necessary to lift it
off to see what it is trying to conceal.
The eggs vary in number from five to seven, never more with me;
oval in shape, white, thickly spotted with reddish-brown. The spots
are sometimes confluent, forming blotches, occasionally covering the
larger end of the egg. Sometimes the eggs are finely speckled with
small pale-brown spots, and one specimen before me has these
specks forming a wreath about the smaller end. A series of eleven
eggs (two sets,) average .63×.52 inches. I have also found several
sets where the eggs were sub-globular, like those of some owls.
 SPECIAL NOTICE.—Next issue will be enlarged to 12 pages and
will be filled with interesting and instructive original reading matter,
from the pens of numerous well-known writers on the subjects of
which we treat. We would advise you to subscribe at once, as we
offer special inducements to new subscribers in our prize offers. If
you cannot afford a year’s or half-year’s subscription, send 5 cts. in
stamps and we will mail you a copy of the enlarged May number
when published. We shall be obliged to refuse stamps in payment
for subscriptions, as we have a supply on hand.
 The Nashville Warbler.
BY WM. L. KELLS, LISTOWEL, ONTARIO, CANADA.
The life-history of this bird is yet, to a great extent, wrapped in
obscurity. Sometimes it is numerous in the Spring migration; again it
is comparatively rare. It can only yet be regarded as a migrant in the
south and central parts of Ontario, as no certain record has yet been
made of its nesting, or making its summer home in this locality;
though it is very probable that more of this genus of birds may
remain during the summer, and nest in the deep, swampy woods of
this Province, than is now generally known.
In my early days, while rambling in the forest, or at work in the
woods in the summer time, I have seen nests of little birds, never
since discovered by me, and almost every year since I began to form
my Oological collection, I have taken one or more nests of Warblers
previously unknown to me, and as I occasionally catch glimpses of
others in my hunting excursions in the summer season, I am led to
believe, that as time progresses and more attention is given to the
subject, more nests of these birds will be discovered and described
by our rising Ornithologists, and among others that of the Nashville
Warbler. This is the more probable in the case of this species, from
the fact that its general habitat is in deep, swampy places, where
few persons interested in Ornithology care to penetrate, and also
from the fact that specimens of this species are occasionally
observed on the margins of swampy woods, in the summer season.
It is said that this species nests upon the ground in the moss that
grows in damp places, and to form the same with dry leaves, fibres
of bark, pine needles, fine, dry grass and hay. The eggs, four or five,
are white, speckled with lilac or reddish-brown.
 This is one of those wanderers of the Mississippi Valley which
appear to enter Ontario from the south-west. It is between four or
five inches in length, and on the upper parts the plumage is of an
olive-green, brighter on the rump; but ashy on the head. Below it is
bright yellow, paler towards the lower parts, with olive shading on
the sides. Crown with a chestnut patch, and pale ring round the
eyes.
 Instructions for Collecting and
Preserving Birds and Eggs.
BY PROF. J. A. SINGLEY, GIDDINGS, TEXAS.
(continued from page 21.)
Each of the three eggs should be marked No. 10. By this method,
the first number always representing the number of the set, the
second the number of the species and the third the number of eggs
in the set, mistakes are almost impossible. If he saw the bird he
should write “seen” after the last item. If the bird was caught or
shot, he can mention it instead of “seen.” The last two items explain
themselves, and all these items except the first, must enter into the
data of the set. It is not necessary to give materials of nest, except
in the case of rare species. I follow the above method of
authenticating, to save time; but the collector who has plenty of that
commodity to spare, can of course write out full particulars of each
set in the field. Never trust to memory in these matters, have it in
black and white.
The collector, having returned home and being ready to prepare
his eggs, let him take them out of his box where he has placed them
well wrapped in cotton, as taken, and unwrapping them, place each
set by itself on the “dryer” described elsewhere (he will now begin to
appreciate that useful article,) now getting his tools, not forgetting a
glass of water to use in rinsing the eggs, he is ready to go to work.
The points of the drills, as bought, are always dull, and it is
recommended to start the hole in the egg with a pin or needle.
These useful articles are small, likely to get lost while working with,
and make one more article to look after. You can dispense with them
by carefully filing the point of your drill to a needle-like point. Select
the least showy part of the egg, and holding it (the egg) in your left
hand (the right if you are left-handed) put the point of the drill
against this “least showy part,” and twirl it (the drill) between the
thumb and forefinger. Don’t bear on the drill, as if you were drilling
in iron, if you do you’ll have a hole clear through both sides of the
egg, something you don’t want. The hole, being drilled until the
largest circumference of the burr passes inside of the egg, don’t try
to pull it out, as a broken egg will be the result if you do. There is an
internal pellicle lining the egg: if this is not cut out where the hole is
drilled, it will interfere with blowing the egg. By bringing the burr of
the drill up against this pellicle, as if you were going to remove it
from the egg, and giving the same twirling motion that you did when
drilling, the pellicle will be cut all around the edges of the hole, and
the drill will come out. Now take your blow-pipe, and putting the
point of it close to the hole, blow gently and the contents will come
out. When incubation is more or less advanced, a larger hole must
be drilled, and the embryo removed with the hook and scissors, a
tedious operation and not always successful even with the greatest
of care. Better let incubated eggs remain in the nest. A little
experience will teach you how to differentiate fresh eggs from those
that are too far advanced to save.
Never put the point of the blow-pipe inside of the egg, as a
bursted egg will be the result, especially so, if your lungs are well
developed. Having emptied the egg of its contents, the next step is
to take a mouthful of water and inject it through the blow-pipe into
the egg, rinsing it thoroughly. Large eggs should be filled half full of
water and well shaken. Eggs treated in this manner are perfectly
clean inside and offer no inducements to insects to harbor within, a
thing that they will surely do in eggs prepared in a slovenly manner.
Having blown all the water out of the egg, take a soft cloth and wipe
it dry, removing any foreign matter that may be adhering to it,
taking care, however, not to rub off the number you put on it when
collected, and also notice that you do not rub off any of the
markings on it. On some eggs the pigment is only loosely applied on
the outside. Now place the egg, hole downwards, directly over one
of the holes on your dryer, and it will drain and dry in a few hours;
continue in this way until you clean all your eggs, keeping each set
to itself and adding another memorandum in your note-book
opposite each set, as to the state of incubation of that set. When the
eggs are dry, fill out a data for each set. These particulars are taken
from your note-book. Suppose he (the collector) takes the first set,
that of the Red-headed Woodpecker. He will fill out a blank as
follows:

No. 375. Name, Red-headed Woodpecker.

Collector, John Smith.
Locality, Boston, Mass.
Date, June 3d, 1887.
Set mark, 1/4.
Number of eggs in set, 4. Identity, bird seen.
Nest, excavated in an elm tree, 20 feet up; eggs laid
on chips on bottom of cavity.

The collector will of course substitute his own name, locality and
date, for those given above, and if this should prove to be the
second, third or fourth set of that species taken during the season,
he would mark the set as 2-4, 3-4, 4-4 and so on.
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
 Editorial.
So few exchange notices were received in time to be published in
this issue that we have decided to hold them for the next.

Persons receiving sample copies of this issue, will oblige us greatly

by acknowledging the receipt of same. We received so many replies
from those complying with the above request, last month, that we
thought it best to try it again. If you cannot subscribe, we like to
know that you received the copy sent you, and what you think of our
magazine.

The May “Hoosier Naturalist” published by R. B. Trouslot & Co.,

Valparaiso, Ind., will contain much matter of interest to all
Ornithologists and Oologists. A sample copy will be mailed free to all
applying to the publishers. We can furnish you with a year’s
subscription each to the “Hoosier Naturalist” and the “B. S. O.” for 50
cents, the regular price of the latter.

The April number of the “Hawkeye Ornithologist and Oologist”

reached us just before going to press. We are sorry to see that the
editors as well as Mr. Oliver Davie are laboring under a wrong
impression. In the February issue when we published that notice
regarding “Davies’ Key,” we meant exactly what we said, as Mr.
Davie, in a letter dated Jan. 26, ’88, said: “I can furnish you copies
of my Key in quantities at —— per copy.” This notice was inserted
simply to allay a wrong impression, which would likely arise after
reading the notice in the Jan “H. O. & O.,” and not as a “hit.” As
regards not having purchased any copies of Mr. Davie, we would say
we had a number of copies on hand we wished to dispose of, and
we were greatly surprised to see Mr. Davies’ letter, after having
written him explaining the reasons of our not ordering copies from
him.
 Publications Received.
Auk, April.
Ornithologist and Oologist, March.
West American Scientist, January.
Oologists’ Exchange, March.
Agassiz Companion, March.
Hawkeye Ornithologist and Oologist, March, April.
 The Pileated Woodpecker.
BY J. W. JACOBS, WAYNESBURG, PA.
On April 24th, I was passing through a large patch of woods,
taking note of all the bird life I could see, when I noticed a large
hole near the top of a “snag.” I went a little closer, and then I saw
that the hole was too large for a Red-head (M. erythrocephalus) or a
Flicker (C. auratus).
I went up to the tree; there was a great pile of chips on the
ground; I hammered on the tree, and a Pileated Woodpecker
(Hylotomus pileatus) flew out, I climbed up, but owing to the tree
being high, smooth bark and no limbs at all, I could not stick, so I
resolved to call again, better prepared for an attack on the tree.
On the 28th, I started out to procure the set of eggs, if there
proved to be any in the nest. Everything went well until I reached
the tree, and there I could see that the hand of destruction had
visited H. pileatus, for the tree was stretched out upon the ground.
Two wood-choppers had been in the woods the day before,
making rails; they saw the old bird fly from her nest, and of course,
through curiosity, they cut the tree down to see what the eggs
looked like. I found the pieces of three or four egg-shells, and
probably there were more. I did not find out how many they broke.
The hole was thirty-five feet from the ground, and such a fall as
that would have broken a thousand eggs, had that number been in
the cavity.
About two months later, I was in the vicinity of this tree, and saw
in a neighboring tree a large hole resembling the first. I did not
climb to the hole, for from all appearance, the brood had hatched
and were gone. I think this hole was excavated by the same pair of
birds.
 On May 21st, I was collecting in a large strip of woods, about a
quarter of a mile from town, when I saw in a live maple an
excavation of H. pileatus. I climbed up and found the nest contained
four young birds and one nearly fresh egg. This is a beautiful egg,
glossy white, and measures 1.25×.95 inches.
During the time I was in the tree, both old birds were perched not
far off, and every now and then would utter their harsh cackle.
Later in the season I found another nest of this bird; it was in a
live maple, twenty feet from the ground. The young birds had flown.
 A Day’s Collecting.
BY H. C. COOK, POTSDAM, N. Y.
On the 23d of May, last season, my chum and myself started out
for a good solid day’s work in the field. We took our climbing irons,
egg-boxes and a big lunch, for it has been our experience that it
makes a fellow awful hungry to walk eight or ten miles and shin up
as many trees before dinner.
About a mile from the village we came to a small grove of high
timber. Just before we reached it, a crow flew out to meet us, circled
over our heads and returned again, a sure sign of a nest. We had,
however, considerable difficulty in finding it, as it was remarkably
well concealed for so large a nest, in a beech about thirty-five feet
from the ground. It contained five highly incubated eggs of nearly
uniform size, but differing considerably in the ground color and
markings. The average measurement was 1.60×1.12. Three of the
eggs were dark green, marked with darker blotches, and the other
two a much lighter green in ground color with the same colored
blotches.
After leaving this grove, we passed through several orchards
without finding anything until we came to the last one, where my
chum spied a nest in a low apple tree. Approaching it carefully, we
obtained a good view of the bird, which I at once knew to be a
Black-billed Cuckoo (Coccygus erythrophthalmus.) The nest
contained three dull green eggs, very peculiar in regard to size, as
one was small, the next larger and the last measured nearly twice
the size of the first. One was fresh and the other two in different
stages of incubation.
We stopped here to blow our eggs and eat our dinner, as it was
about noon. After we had accomplished this last most important
duty, we continued our search looking here and there, but seeing no
desirable nest, until it began to get rather discouraging, when, while
hunting for the nests of the White-rumped Shrike (Lanius
ludovicianus excubitorides) in a large field of thorn apple trees,
skirted by a swampy woods, I made the great find of the day. I was
passing by an old dead stump, when, from between the roots and
almost under my feet, a brownish colored bird started up and flew
away, making a peculiar whistling noise as it went. Looking down, I
saw a fine set of four eggs of the American Woodcock (Philohela
minor.) They were of unusual size, the largest measuring 1.85×1.10
in.
This ended our day’s collecting, and we went home well satisfied
with the fruits of our labor.

HERE IS YOUR CHANCE

To enlarge your collection without cash. In order to increase the
circulation of our magazine, we have decided to give to the persons
sending us the 5 greatest number of paid yearly subscribers for the
B. S. O. before June 1st, 1888, the following prizes:

First.—A fine set of 5 eggs of the Roseate Spoonbill.

Second.—A ” ” ” 4 ” ” ” ” ”
Third.—A ” ” ” 4 ” ” ” Am. Long-eared Owl.
Fourth and Fifth each a set of 6 eggs of the Purple Gallinule or a
copy of Davies’ “Key” third edition.

ANOTHER CHANCE.
To the first person answering the above offer by sending in their
subscription and stating plainly that you wish to try for a prize, we
will give a fine set of four eggs of the Prothonotary Warbler, or a set
of four of the Black Snow-bird. To the fifth person, we will give a set
of four eggs of the Blue Yellow-backed Warbler. To the tenth person,
we will give a set of 2 eggs of the Red-tailed Hawk; to the fifteenth,
twentieth and twenty-fifth each a copy of Davies’ “Key” 3d edition.
We will also send every person wishing to try for a prize, and stating
so in their letter, a few extra copies to use as samples.
CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH PRIZES ARE GIVEN.
To be entitled to any of the first five prizes, you must (if not
already a subscriber) send in your subscription with your first list.
Subscriptions mailed from your office May 31st, will count, but not
later. The names of the winners will be published in the June B. S. O.
and prizes forwarded June 4th.
Should two or more parties send the same number of subscribers,
the highest prize will be awarded to the party whose list was sent
earliest. We can give Cash in place of prizes if desired. Commence
work at once and secure a prize. Address, plainly,
W. H. FOOTE,
43 FENN STREET, PITTSFIELD, MASS.

FOR SALE CHEAP!!

A Kelsey (Excelsior) Printing Press, nearly new. Self-inker. Cost $22.
Will sell cheap.
JUST THE THING
For an amateur printer, who can print his own paper and make the
press pay for itself in a short time. Make me an offer, or write for
particulars, reasons for selling, etc., and address
W. H. FOOTE.
For E. H. B.
 43 Fenn St., Pittsfield. Mass.

VICKS FLORAL GUIDE

For 1888 is better than ever, and should be in the hands of every
person contemplating buying SEEDS, PLANTS or BULBS. It
contains 3 Colored plates, thousands of Illustrations, and nearly 150
pages, telling what to buy, and where to get it, and naming lowest
prices for honest goods. Price of GUIDE only 10 cents, including a
Certificate good for 10 cents worth of Seeds.
JAMES VICK, SEEDSMAN,
Rochester, N. Y.

A FEW MORE CHOICE SPECIMENS OF

New Mexico BIRDS’ SKINS & EGGS,

Still in Stock.
These will be closed out at very low rates.
PRICE LIST FOR STAMP.
 25 arrow-heads, slightly imperfect, 25c
Fine Moss Agate Pebbles, 15c. per doz
Obsidian Pebbles, 25c. ” 100

CHARLES H. MARSH,
DULZURA,
San Diego Co., California.

SUBSCRIBE
AT ONCE!

H. C. Kells

BOOK & JOB PRINTING

PITTSFIELD, MASS.

Every description of Job and Commercial Printing neatly done at

Lowest Prices. Send copy for estimates on any printing you need.
Printing for Naturalists and Collectors’ Papers or Magazines,
Circulars, Price Lists, Data Blanks, etc.

THE BAY STATE OOLOGIST.

Edited and Published by W. H. FOOTE.
A Monthly Magazine Devoted to the Study of Birds, their Nests and
Eggs.
It has a large and varied list of contributors and is of great interest
to both young and advanced Oologists and Ornithologists.
Subscription Price. 50 Cents per Annum in Advance.
SINGLE COPIES, 5 CENTS.
All Subscribers are Entitled to One Free Exchange Notice.
ADVERTISING RATES.

Full Outside Page, $10.00

Full Inside Page, 9.00
One Column, inside, 5.00
One-half Column, inside, 3.00
Less than one-half Column, per inch, 1.00
Half-inch, .50

No “ads” taken for less than one-half inch. Discount of 20 per ct. on
standing “ads” for three months. Larger discounts for six month and
yearly “ads.”
Make all drafts and orders, and address all subscriptions and
communications to
W. H. FOOTE,
43 FENN STREET, PITTSFIELD, MASS.