SUMMATIVE TEST IN READING AND WRITING SKILLS

Read each question carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Explain the concept of "context" in text development. How does it influence the
meaning and interpretation of a text?
a) Context refers to the circumstances surrounding the creation and reception of a
text, including the historical, social, and cultural factors that influence its
meaning.
b) Context is not important for understanding texts.
c) Context is only relevant to academic writing.
d) Context is a static and unchanging element of text development.
2. What are some questions that can help us understand a text's context?
a) When was the work written? What were the circumstances that produced it? What
issues does it deal with? Who is the author? For whom was it written?
b) How many words are in the text? What is the main idea of the text? What is the
author's purpose in writing the text?
c) What is the genre of the text? What are the main characters in the text? What is
the setting of the text?
d) None of the above.
3. Imagine you are reading a novel set in the Victorian era. What are some contextual
factors that might influence your understanding of the text?
a) The social norms and values of the Victorian era, the political climate of the time,
the technological advancements of the period.
b) The author's personal experiences, the author's writing style, the author's
intended audience.
c) The genre of the novel, the plot of the novel, the characters in the novel.
d) All of the above.
4. How can understanding the context of a text help us to become more critical readers?
a) By understanding the context, we can better understand the author's intentions
and the text's meaning.
b) By understanding the context, we can identify biases and assumptions that may
be present in the text.
c) By understanding the context, we can evaluate the text's relevance and
significance.
d) All of the above.
5. Explain the difference between "context of text development" and "context of text
reception."
a) The context of text development refers to the circumstances surrounding the
creation of a text, while the context of text reception refers to the circumstances
surrounding the reading or interpretation of a text.
b) The context of text development refers to the author's intentions, while the context
of text reception refers to the reader's understanding.
c) The context of text development refers to the historical and cultural context of the
text, while the context of text reception refers to the reader's personal
experiences.
d) There is no difference between the two concepts.
6. What is intertextuality?
a) The modeling of a text's meaning by another text.
b) The relationship between texts and how culture and other writers influence a text.
 c) The complex interrelationship between a text and other texts taken as
fundamental to the creation and interpretation of the text.
d) All of the above.
7. What are some examples of intertextual figures?
a) Retelling, quotation, plagiarism, translation, allusion, pastiche, calque, parody.
b) Metaphor, simile, personification, hyperbole, understatement.
c) Alliteration, assonance, consonance, rhyme, rhythm.
d) None of the above.
8. Explain the difference between obligatory intertextuality, optional intertextuality, and
accidental intertextuality.
a) Obligatory intertextuality requires the reader to have prior knowledge of the
referenced text, while optional intertextuality does not. Accidental intertextuality
occurs when readers connect a text with another text, cultural practice, or
personal experience, without there being any tangible anchor point within the
original text.
b) Obligatory intertextuality is a deliberate reference to another text, while optional
intertextuality is an unintentional reference. Accidental intertextuality is a
reference that is not recognized by the reader.
c) Obligatory intertextuality is a reference to a text that is considered essential to
the understanding of the original text, while optional intertextuality is a reference
to a text that is not essential to the understanding of the original text. Accidental
intertextuality is a reference that is not intended by the author.
d) There is no difference between the three types of intertextuality.
9. How can intertextuality be used to create new meaning in a text?
a) By referencing other texts, writers can draw on existing ideas, themes, and
characters to create new meanings.
b) By referencing other texts, writers can avoid plagiarism by simply copying and
pasting text from other sources.
c) By referencing other texts, writers can make their writing more complex and
difficult to understand.
d) By referencing other texts, writers can create texts that are completely original
and unique.
10. What are some potential advantages and disadvantages of using intertextuality in
writing?
a) Advantages: It can add depth and richness to your writing, it can create a sense
of connection with the reader, it can help you to explore new ideas;
Disadvantages: It can be difficult to do well, it can be confusing for the reader if
not done carefully, it can lead to plagiarism if not used correctly.
b) Advantages: It can make your writing more original and unique; Disadvantages:
It can make your writing less persuasive and convincing.
c) Advantages: It can make your writing more complex and challenging;
Disadvantages: It can make your writing less accessible to readers.
d) Advantages: It can make your writing more formal and academic;
Disadvantages: It can make your writing less creative and engaging.
11. What is hypertextuality?
a) A non-linear way of presenting information.
b) A way of organizing information into a hierarchical structure.
c) A way of creating interactive and engaging content.
d) All of the above.
12. How does hypertextuality differ from traditional linear text?
 a) Hypertext allows readers to follow their own path through the material, while
linear text requires readers to follow a set order.
b) Hypertext is more interactive and engaging than linear text.
c) Hypertext can incorporate a variety of media, while linear text is limited to text.
d) All of the above.
13. What are some examples of hypertext materials?
a) Pictures, video materials, animated illustrations, audio illustrations.
b) Books, magazines, newspapers, journals.
c) Letters, emails, memos, reports.
d) None of the above.
14. What are some pedagogical benefits of using hypertext in the classroom?
a) Hypertext promotes dialogue, can be constructed as a collaborative medium,
and can be used in nearly any computer-facilitated classroom.
b) Hypertext makes learning more passive and less engaging.
c) Hypertext eliminates the need for traditional textbooks.
d) Hypertext is only suitable for advanced students.
15. How does hypertextuality relate to the World Wide Web?
a) Web resources are in constant exchange of references, most of which are
made explicit with the help of hypertext.
b) The World Wide Web is a linear system of information.
c) Hypertext is not relevant to the World Wide Web.
d) None of the above.
16. What is a claim?
a) A statement asserting a position or belief.
b) A statement of fact that is verifiable.
c) A statement of opinion that is subjective.
d) A statement of preference that is personal.
17. What is a counterclaim?
a) A statement that supports the original claim.
b) A statement that refutes the original claim.
c) A statement that provides evidence for the original claim.
d) A statement that summarizes the main points of the original claim.
18. What are the four main elements of an argument?
a) Claim, counterclaim, reasoning, evidence.
b) Introduction, body paragraphs, conclusion, thesis statement.
c) Topic sentence, supporting sentences, concluding sentence, transition words.
d) None of the above.
19. Explain the purpose of using hedges in counterclaims.
a) To make the counterclaim sound more aggressive.
b) To avoid acknowledging the validity of the original claim.
c) To soften the counterclaim and make it less confrontational.
d) To confuse the reader about the writer's true position.
20. What are some examples of hedges?
a) Modal verbs: could, may, might, can, would.
b) Adverbs of frequency: sometimes, often, usually.
c) Adverbs of probability: possibly, probably, likely.
d) All of the above.
21. What is the purpose of formulating evaluative statements?
a) To express your judgment on an idea or issue, supported by reasoning and
evidence.
 b) To provide a summary of the main points of a text.
c) To identify the author's biases.
d) To find flaws in the author's logic.

22. How can you start an evaluative statement in a positive way?

a) By highlighting the strengths of the idea or issue.
b) By stating your opinion without any evidence.
c) By criticizing the idea or issue.
d) By offering solutions to improve the idea or issue.
23. What does it mean to be concise in an evaluative statement?
a) To use as many words as possible to express your judgment.
b) To get straight to the point and avoid unnecessary wordiness.
c) To use technical jargon and complex language.
d) To focus on the author's personal opinions rather than the issue itself.
24. How can you address negatives constructively in an evaluative statement?
a) By focusing on the issue, not the person.
b) By using harsh language and attacking the author's credibility.
c) By ignoring the weaknesses and focusing only on the strengths.
d) By offering solutions to improve the idea or issue.
25. Why is it important to offer solutions in an evaluative statement?
a) To show that you are not just criticizing but offering ways to enhance the work.
b) To make your evaluation more persuasive and convincing.
c) To demonstrate your knowledge of the subject matter.
d) All of the above.
26. What is an assertion?
a) A statement expressing a belief or viewpoint, supported by evidence.
b) A statement of fact that is verifiable.
c) A statement of opinion that is subjective.
d) A statement of preference that is personal.
27. What are the four main types of assertions?
a) Assertions of fact, assertions of convention, assertions of opinion, assertions of
preference.
b) Assertions of truth, assertions of falsehood, assertions of possibility, assertions
of probability.
c) Assertions of cause, assertions of effect, assertions of comparison, assertions of
contrast.
d) None of the above.
28. How can you determine whether a statement is an assertion of fact?
a) By checking if the statement is verifiable through evidence.
b) By checking if the statement is based on personal opinion.
c) By checking if the statement is supported by reasoning.
d) By checking if the statement is expressed in a formal tone.
29. How can you determine whether a statement is an assertion of opinion?
a) By checking if the statement is verifiable through evidence.
b) By checking if the statement is based on personal opinion.
c) By checking if the statement is supported by reasoning.
d) By checking if the statement is expressed in a formal tone.
30. How can you determine whether a statement is an assertion of preference?
a) By checking if the statement is verifiable through evidence.
 b) By checking if the statement is based on personal opinion.
c) By checking if the statement is supported by reasoning.
d) By checking if the statement is expressed in a formal tone.

31. Explain the concept of hypertextuality in the context of the World Wide Web.
a) Web resources are in constant exchange of references, most of which are made
explicit with the help of hypertext.
b) The World Wide Web is a linear system of information.
c) Hypertext is not relevant to the World Wide Web.
d) None of the above.
32. What are some strategies for evaluating the validity of a claim?
a) Consider the source of the claim, analyze the evidence provided, assess the
reasoning used, and identify any biases or assumptions.
b) Simply agree with the claim if it sounds reasonable.
c) Ignore the claim if it is not supported by evidence.
d) Attack the author's credibility rather than focusing on the argument itself.
33. How do hedges function in language?
a) Hedges function primarily by introducing uncertainty or probability into your
language. They signal that you're not claiming absolute certainty but rather
offering a qualified perspective.
b) Hedges function primarily by strengthening the forcefulness of your argument.
They signal that you're confident in your claim and not open to other
perspectives.
c) Hedges function primarily by confusing the reader. They signal that you're not
sure what you're trying to say.
d) Hedges function primarily by making your argument sound more formal and
academic.
34. What are some examples of hedges that can be used in counterclaims?
a) Modal verbs: could, may, might, can, would.
b) Adverbs of frequency: sometimes, often, usually.
c) Adverbs of probability: possibly, probably, likely.
d) All of the above.
35. Explain in one sentence the importance of critical thinking.