Question Bank

Class – X
Economics
Chapter 1 – Development

1. Multiple Choice Questions

1. Meaning of development is different for
a. Different people b. Alien people c. Same people d. None of these
2. Classical view of economic development includes
a. Per capita income b. National income c. None of these d. Both (a) and (b)
3. Per capita income of low income countries is
a. 30,000 Rs or less b. 37,000 Rs or less c. 40,000 Rs or less d. None of these
4. IMR stands for
a. Infant morality ratio b. Indian morality ratio c. International morality ratio
d. None of these
5. Development criteria include
a. Income b. Equal treatmen c. Freedom d. All of these
6. Full form of SED is
a. Sustainable economic development b. Simple economic development
c. Sound economic development d. None of these
7. Per capita income hides
a. Disparities b. Average income c. Total population d. None of these
8. Per capita income of Kerala is higher than that of
a. Bihar b. Punjab c. Gujrat d. None of these
9. Development of a country is generally determined by
a. Its per capita income b. Its average literacy level c. Health status of its people
d. All the above
10. Which of the following neighbouring countries has better performance in terms of human
development than India
a. Bangladesh b. Sri Lanka c. Nepal d. Pakistan

Answers.
1. a 2. a 3. b 4. a 5. a 6. a 7. a 8. a 9. a 10. b

2. Very Short Questions

1. What can developmental goals be for prosperous farmers from Punjab
Ans. Assured high family income through higher support prices for their crops, hardworking and
cheap labourers. They should be able to settle their children abroad

2. What are the common developmental goals of a person

Ans. Common developmental goals are regular work, better wages and better standards of
living.
3. What is per capita income
Ans. When the total income of the country is divided by its population, we get per capita
income

4. What is infant mortality rate

Ans. It is the number of deaths of infants under one year per 1,000 live births in a particular
area.

5. What is literacy rate measure

Ans. Literacy rate measures the proportions of literate population in the seven and above age
group.

6. What is net attendance ratio

Ans. It is the total number of children of the age group 14 – 15 years attending school as a
percentage of total number of children in the same group

7. Why Kerala has a low infant mortality rate

Ans. It has adequate provisions of basic health and educational facilities

8. What you understand by HDI

Ans. HDI stands for human development index

9. What is life expectancy at birth

Ans. Life expectancy at birth denotes average expected length of life of a person at the time of
birth

10. What is national income

Ans. The sum of total of all goods and services produced within a country or nations gross
domestic product plus net income received from overseas during a period of one year

11. What are renewable resources

Ans. Resources that are replenished by nature as in the case of crops and plants. Ground water
is perfect example

12. What are non renewable resources

Ans. These resources will get exhausted after some time and are not replenished by the nature

13. What is HDI rank in india in the world as per Human Development report 2018
Ans. 130

14. How do ration shops under the public distribution system help people
Ans. They maintain the nutritional status of the people and making food available at lower cost
3. Short Questions
1. What is development? What are the two aspects of development?
Ans. Development is such a situation that can fulfill the aspirations or desires of people. It is the
progress or improvement in the lifestyle of the people. Two aspects of development are:
i. Different persons can have different developmental goals
ii. What may be development for one, may not be development for the other

2. Compare the aspirational goals of a boy from a rich urban family and a girl from a rich
urban family
Ans. The aspirational goals of these urban boys and girls can be different or sometimes
conflicting
i. A boy from a rich urban family : He would like to go for a good education to a reputed
institution, probably use a good branded mobile, a laptop, an ipad.
ii. A girl from a rich urban family : She would be able to pursue her studies abroad, get as much
freedom as her brother and should be able to decide what she wants to do. She would like to
go for professional education and then pursue a job.

3. “Money in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and services that you may need to live
well.” Is it true or not? Elucidate
Ans. Income by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services that
citizens are able to use. Normally, money cannot buy us a pollution free environment or ensure
that we get unadulterated medicine. Money may also not be able to protect you from
infectious diseases. Unless the whole of you community take preventive steps.

4. What are the developmental goals of landless rural labourers, prosperous farmers and
farmers who depend only on rains?
Ans. Developmental goals and aspirations for these farmers are different.
I. Landless rural labourers : They would like to have more days of work and better wages local
schools to provide quality education to their children there should not be any social
discrimination so that they too can become leaders in the village.
II. Prosperous farmers : They should have assurance if high family income through higher
support prices for their crops through hardworking and cheap labourers. They also want that
they should be able to settle their children abroad.
III. Farmers who depend only on rain : These kinds of farmers main goals is to have irrigational
facilities crop insurance on less premium and better facilities of life for them as well as for their
children.

5. How do infant mortality rates need to be checked by the government?

Ans. Government should spend a lions share for the grains in neo natal survival. Child mortality
rates can be significantly reduced if community health workers visit new mothers regularly
government should run awareness programs in urban as well as rural parts of the country so
that women can access post natal programs to learn about nutrition vaccination schedules and
breast feeding not only this government can keep a strict check on health workers
responsibilities and functioning.
6. How does UN on the basis of human development report compare countries.
Ans. UNDP compares countries based on :
I . The educational levels of the people II. Their health status III. Per capita income

7. “Average income is an important criterion for development”. Justify.

Ans. I. To check the criterion for the development of countries, their income is considered to be
one of the most important attributes.
II. Countries with higher income are more developed than other with less income.
III. This is based on understanding the more income means more of all the things that humans
beings need. Whatever people like and should have they will be able to get with greater income

8. Explain any three examples of what factors other than income are important aspects of our
lives.
Ans. Money in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and services that you may need to live well
I. Money cannot buy us pollution free environment
II. Money cannot buy us a disease free life and might not be able to get protection from
infectious disease.
III. Besides money people also like to have equal treatment in the society freedom dignity and
honour in their lives which money cannot buy them

9. What is the criterion used by the UNDP for classifying countries?

Ans. United nation development programme has used the criterion of human development
index to measure the development of countries. HDI is calculated on the basis of :
I. Per capita income : When the total national income of the country is divided by its population
we get the per capita income.
II. Life expectancy : It measures the average age of a person in country. It helps us to know the
health of a country
III. Literacy rate : Education is also one of the most important criteria for the development of a
country.
IV. Gross enrolment ratio : It measures the education gained at three levels at the primary
secondary and higher education level

10. Explain the meaning of HDI mention three components of measuring HDI.
Ans. HDI stands for human development index it may be defined as the process of widening
peoples choice as well as raising the level of well being. The concept of HDI goes beyond
income and growth to cover all human choices. It puts the people at the centre stage and
covers all aspects of human development with the object of improving the condition of people
from all angles. It is a broader approach to development.
I. Life expectancy : It is the average expected length of life of a person at the time of birth
II. Per capita income : Mean income of the people is an economic unit it is calculated by
dividing the total national income of a country bu population it is calculated in dollars for all the
countries so that it can be compared.
III. Gross enrolment ratio for three levels : It means enrolment ratio of primary schools
secondary schools and higher education beyond secondary level.
11. Why do different persons have a different notions of development. Explain.
Ans. I. It is because the life situation of persons are different
II. People seek things that are moist important for them or that which can fulfill their
aspirations or desires.
For examples : The developmental goals of a boy from ma rich urban family would be to get
admission in reputed college, whereas the developmental goals of a girl from a rich urban
family would be to get as much freedom as her brother.

12. “Conflicting goals can be developmental goals”. Elaborate with examples.

Ans. I. At times, two persons or group of persons may seek things which are conflicting
II. A girl expects as much freedom and opportunity as her brother and that he also shares
in the household work her brother may not like this.
III. Similarly to get more electricity industrialists may want more dams. But this may
submerge the land and disrupt the lives of people, who are displaced such as the tribals.

13. “Girls in India in the rural sector are sometimes not be able to get secondary level
education”. Give three reasons for the statement.
Ans. I. Gender discrimination : India is a male dominating country. Particularly in rural areas,
girl child is discriminated against male child and not sent for education.
II. Poverty : Due to wide spread poverty in rural areas people want girls to help in the
household work look after their siblings and do all household chores.
III. Distance : Secondary schools are not found in all the villages of India therefore they
don’t prefer their girls to go to distance like nearby village merely for education.

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