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Chapter 13 discusses the importance of health, safety, and security in the workplace, emphasizing the need for a healthy environment, safety from hazards, and security for employees. It outlines various workplace hazards, including physical, electrical, fire, and health hazards, along with prevention strategies. Additionally, it highlights the significance of safety programs and guidelines to ensure employee well-being and compliance with regulations.

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New DOC Document

Chapter 13 discusses the importance of health, safety, and security in the workplace, emphasizing the need for a healthy environment, safety from hazards, and security for employees. It outlines various workplace hazards, including physical, electrical, fire, and health hazards, along with prevention strategies. Additionally, it highlights the significance of safety programs and guidelines to ensure employee well-being and compliance with regulations.

Uploaded by

kamboj.ravneet09
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 13

Health, Safety and Security at Workplace

Q1. Briefly explain the concept of health, safety and


security at workplace.
Health

Health of an employee is the state of the physical, mental


and social well being. Every organisation must provide
healthy and safety working environment for their
employees at the workplace. Health of an employee must
be in a good condition so that the employees of the
organisation will not suffer from any diseases. Cleanliness
at the workplace is mandatory. The work places must be
cleaned in the morning before the people start working. If
it is neat and clean then the people will feel happy to work
in that environment. A proper air conditioning is
mandatory to provide clean and cool air at workplace. A
properly filtered water facility must be available for the
employees of the company. A fresh food cafeteria must
provide the good quality food for the employees. This will
help to maintain the health of the employee. The
organisation should maintain a clean washroom facility in
good condition to be used by the employees.

Safety :

The work environment of the organisation must be safe. It


must be free from hazards and risk. A hazard is the
something that can cause harm to the people. A risk is a
probability of causing harm to the people. A proper safety
guidelines must be prepared by the company and it
should be strictly followed. At regular intervals of time, the
safety procedures must be practised by employees.

Security :
Every employee working in an organisation must feel that
they are secured in the company campus. Security is a
kind of freedom from any potential harm. Security ensures
the safety of the people working in the organisation.
Every organisation must have separate security
department. This department should be responsible for
various security such as personal safety, computer
system safety, electrical safety, transport safety and other
equipment safety. The proper security procedures will
reduce liabilities, insurance and compensation for
organisation. This will increase the business revenue and
will reduce the operational charges of the company.

Q2. State the most important reasons for health,


safety and security programs in workplace

There are several reasons that can be specified for safety


policy as given below.
• It clearly indicates the company’s commitment for their
employee’s health and safety;
• It shows the performance of the business and the safety
performance are compatible with each other;
• It clearly state that the company is not only doing the
business for profits but it is taking care of all its stake
holders.
• Company can comply national policy on Occupational
Health and Safety (OH&S) of Government of India.
• Injuries and illness of the employees is prevented
through such policy.

Q3. List out the various workplace safety hazards.

1. Physical hazards
Falling Off Heights, Slipping and Tripping

2. Electrical hazards
3. Fire hazards
4. Health hazards

Physical hazards
There is a vast list of physical hazards across all
industries, but when we look at one specific sector, these
hazards are also specific to the work setting.

Falling Off Heights, Slipping and Tripping:

The reason for falling of heights is usually due to unbalanced


body, slipping of the ladder or getting an electric shock. Slipping
and tripping occurs from a lower height. Slips are usually due to
wet floors whereas tripping occurs due to uneven surface areas
like concrete roads. We can prevent these by following:
1) Making sure there is proper lightning
2) Checking for any liquid spills
3) Stairways and light fractures should be solved immediately

Electrical hazards
Due to many reasons, workers get electric shocks,
electrical injuries could vary from minor injury to injuries
like death, some of the reasons for it are:
1) Worn out wiring
2) Touching high voltage power lines
3) Wire harness
4) Faulty equipment
5) Unsafe use of electrical equipment
Prevention:
1) Workers must be provided with proper teaching of
handeling the electrical equipments
2) They must know the basic first aid
3) Keep any kind of conducting objucts away from
electrical appliances

Fire Hazards
It does not only damage the workplace, stocks and
equipment, it also causes lethal burn injuries to the
workers. Most of the workplace fires are caused due to:
1)Not following housekeeping standards to ensure fire
safety
2)Smoking inside the workplace
3)Electrical ignition
4)Accidental fires
PREVENTION
1) The workers must know the emergency exit routes
2) Once a year fire drills should be conducting
3) Fire extinguisher and smoke alarms should be installed
4) Employees should be taught first aid in case of any
emergency
5) Smoking inside should be prohibited

Health Hazard
It includes the physical well being of our workers like their
respiratory tract, nervous system etc. A lot of hazards are
present in the workplace that can either way effect the
workers.Some of the health hazards caused at workplace
are:
1) Hearing being effected due to noisy machinery
2) Eyesight and the respiratory system can be affected
due to bright light or toxic fumes
3) Damage to lungs due to the exposure of certain
chemicals
PREVENTION
1) Chemicals to be stored in non spilling tight container
jars
2) Mask and goggles to be provided to workers who are
working with any kind of bright lights or toxic chemicals
3) Make sure of proper lightning
4) Any kind of jewellery should be prohibited
5) Noise cancelling equipment should be provided to
those working with noisy machinery
6) Working of certain machinery should be taught
7) Workers should not be distracted while working with
any kind of heavy machinery
8) Do not play with electrical controls
Q4. List out the potential sources of hazards in an
organisation.

Hazards using Computers

Hazards while using computers include poor sitting


postures or excessive duration of sitting in one position.
These hazards may result in pain and strain. Making the
same movemen`t repetitively can also cause muscle
fatigue. In addition, glare from the computer screen can be
harmful to the eyes. Stretching at regular intervals or
doing some simple yoga in your seat can mitigate such
hazards.

Handling Office Equipment

Improper handling of office equipment can result in


injuries. For example, sharp-edged equipment if not
handled properly, can cause cuts. Staff members should
be trained to handle equipment properly. A relevant
manual should be made available by the administration on
handling equipment.

Handling Objects

Lifting or moving heavy items without proper procedure or


techniques can be a source of potential hazard. Always
follow approved procedure and proper posture for lifting or
moving objects.

Stress at Work

In organisations, you may encounter various


stresscausing hazards. Long working hours can be
stressful and so can aggressive conflicts or arguments
with colleagues. Always look for ways for conflict
resolution with colleagues. Have some relaxing hobbies
for stress against long working hours.

Working Environment

Potential hazards may include poor ventilation, chairs and


tables of inappropriate height, hard furniture, poor lighting,
staff unaware of emergency procedures, or poor
housekeeping. Hazards may also include physical or
emotional intimidation, such as bullying or ganging up
against someone. The staff should be made aware of
organisation’s policies to fight against all the given
hazards related to a working environment.

Q5. List some of the IT workplace hazards.

These include eye strain and headaches, musculoskeletal


disorders, stress and anxiety, sleep disruption, social
isolation, repetitive strain injury, exposure to
electromagnetic fields, job insecurity, cyberbullying and
harassment, and work-life balance challenges.

Q6. What are the examples of potential hazards?


The examples of potential hazards:
Skin and eye burn
Respiratory problems
Allergic reaction

Q7. Describe information technology workplace


hazards.

Eye strain and headaches: Staring at screen for


extended period can cause eye strain, headaches and
blurred vision.

musculoskeletal disorders: Sitting for long periods,


repetitive keyboard use, and improper posture can lead to
MSDs like carpal tunnel syndrome, neck pain, and back
pain.

stress and anxiety: Tight deadlines, demanding workload


and constant pressure can lead to stress, anxity and
burnout.

sleep disruption: Working long hours, irregular schedules


can disrupt sleep pattern.

social isolation: Remote work and long hours spent


staring at screen can lead to social isolation.

Repetitive strain injury: Repetitive mouse use can lead


to RSI, cause pain and discomfort in the hands, wrists and
arms.

Q8. What are the workplace safety rules?

1. Preventing workplace incidents is everyone’s job,


and your personal safety is your responsibility,
2. Dress appropriately, from clothing to footwear.
3. Keep work area clean and tidy.
4. Follow the rules.
5. Report workplace accidents
6. Know and follow emergency procedures.
7. Lift, bend and stretch with care to avoid injury.

Q9. List out different safety guidelines?

1. Store all cleaning chemicals in tightly closed


containers in separate cupboards.
2. Throw garbage daily.
3. Make sure all areas have proper lighting.
4. Do not wear loose clothing or jewellery when working
with machines.
5. Never distract the attention of people who are
working near a fire or with some machinery, tools or
equipment.
6. Where required, wear protective items, such as
goggles, safety glasses, masks, gloves, and hair nets.
7. Shut down all machines before leaving for the
workplace.
8. Do not play with electrical controls or switches.
9. Do not operate machines or equipment until you
have been properly trained and allowed to do so by
your supervisor.
10. Repair torn wires or broken plugs before using any
electrical equipment.
11. Do not use equipment if it smokes, sparks or looks
unsafe.
12. Cover all food with a lid, plastic wrap or aluminium
foil.
13. Do not smoke in ‘No Smoking’ areas.
14. Report any unsafe condition or acts to your
supervisor.

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