Module V
Module V
*Phase Diagrams
A. Properties of Solutions
1. Additive
2. Constitutive
3. Colligative
a. Vapor pressure lowering
b. Boiling point elevation
c. Freezing point depression
d. Osmotic Pressure
B. Ionic Equilibria
1. Acid-Base Equilibria
2. Sorensen’s pH scale
𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒
For WB and its salt 𝑝𝐻 = (𝑝𝐾𝑤 − 𝑝𝐾𝑏) + 𝑙𝑜𝑔
𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑡
➢ pH and Solubility
▪ at low pH, a base is predominantly in ionic form which is usually very
soluble in water
▪ as the pH is raised, the more undissolved base is formed.
➢ SAMPLE COMPUTATIONS
1. What is the pH of a buffer sol’n prepared w/ 0.005M Na3BO3 & 0.5M H3BO3. Ka=
1x10-4.
[weak acid]
pH=pKa + log[Sa/WA] pKa= -log[ka]
pH= 4 + log [0.005M/0.5M] = 2 pKa= -log[1x10-4]