18ECS301J

Applied Programming

Course Instructor:
Dr.V.Sumitra
Dr.S.Sunithamani

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 18ECS301J
Applied Programming
Unit 1
Session 1

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18ECS301J Applied Programming

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 18ECS301J Applied Programming
Session plan-Unit 1(12 hrs)

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18ECS301J Applied Programming

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18ECS301J Applied Programming

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 Unit I Learning Objectives
Introduction, Types and Operation
• Introduction to Python,

• Python Interpreter and its working, Syntax and Semantics

• Data Types, Assignments and Expressions

• Control Flow Statements, Sequences-

• Lists, Dictionaries,

• Tuples and files

• Functions , Lambda expressions

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 Required software
• Python Version 2.7 and above: http://python.org
• Install Anaconda Navigator and Launch Jupyter notebook
• Numerical Python (NumPy): http://numpy.org
• Matplotlib for plotting: http://matplotlib.org
• Ipython for interactive computing: http://ipython.org
• Scitools for addons to NumPy: http://code.google.com/scitools

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 Installation
• Installing Anaconda on windows
• https://problemsolvingwithpython.com/01-Orientation/01.03-Installing-Anaconda-on-Windows/

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 Challenges faced with raw data
• Data quality does not
conform to set standards
• Data integration is a
complex task
• Data is distributed into large
clusters which are difficult
to integrate and analyze.
• Unstructructured and
semistructured data are
hard to analyze.

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 Purpose of Python
• Python deals with each stage of data analytics efficiently
by applying different libraries and packages.

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 Python creator Guido van Rossum named it after the BBC
comedy series Monty Python’s Flying Circus. He is a big fan of
Monty Python.

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Why Program?
What is a Program?
“Everybody in this country should learn how to program a computer...
because it teaches you how to think”.- Steve Jobs, 1955-2011.
What is a Program?
• A sequence of instructions to the computer, written in a programming
language, somewhat like English, but very much simpler - and very
much stricter.
• This course teaches Python Program

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 Introduction to Python

• Python is a widely used general-purpose, high level programming language.

• It was initially designed by Guido van Rossum in 1991 and developed by
Python Software Foundation.
• It was mainly developed for emphasis on code readability, and its syntax allows
programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code.
• Python is a programming language that lets you work quickly and integrate
systems more efficiently.

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 Introduction to Python
Why do people use Python?
The primary factors cited by Python users seem to be these:
• Software quality
• Python code is designed to be readable, and hence reusable and maintainable—much more so than traditional
scripting languages.
• Developer productivity
• Python boosts developer productivity many times beyond compiled or statically typed languages such as C, C++, and
Java.
• Python code is typically one-third to one-fifth the size of equivalent C++ or Java code.
• That means there is less to type, 3 less to debug, and less to maintain after the fact.
• Program portability
• Most Python programs run unchanged on all major computer platforms.
• Porting Python code between Linux and Windows, for example, is usually just a matter of copying a script’s code
between machines
• Support libraries
• Python comes with a large collection of prebuilt and portable functionality, known as the standard library.
• This library supports an array of application-level programming tasks, from text pattern matching to network scripting.
• Component integration
• Python scripts can easily communicate with other parts of an application, using a variety of integration mechanisms.
• Such integrations allow Python to be used as a product customization and extension tool.
• Enjoyment
• Because of Python’s ease of use and built-in toolset, it can make the act of programming more pleasure than chore.
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 Introduction to Python

Who use Python?

Google, Industrial Light & Magic, EVE Online, Jet Propulsion Labs, Maya, ESRI, and
many more.
Almost every organization doing software development uses Python in some fashion,
whether for long-term strategic product development or for short-term tactical tasks
such as testing and system administration.

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 Introduction to Python

Gaming, Images, Serial Ports, XML, Robots, and More

Python is commonly applied in more domains than can be mentioned here. For example,
you can do:
• Game programming and multimedia in Python with the pygame system
• Serial port communication on Windows, Linux, and more with the PySerial extension
• Image processing with PIL, PyOpenGL, Blender, Maya, and others
• Robot control programming with the PyRo toolkit
• XML parsing with the xml library package, the xmlrpclib module, and third-party
extensions
• Artificial intelligence programming with neural network simulators and expert system
shells
• Natural language analysis with the NLTK packag

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 Introduction to Python
Technical strengths of Python?
1. Python is object-oriented Structure supports such concepts as polymorphism, operation overloading and
multiple inheritance.
2. Indentation Indentation is one of the greatest feature in python
3. It’s free (open source) Downloading python and installing python is free and easy
4. It’s Powerful
• Dynamic typing Built-in types and tools
• Library utilities Third party utilities (e.g. Numeric, NumPy, sciPy)
• Automatic memory management
5. It’s Portable
• Python runs virtually every major platform used today
• As long as you have a compaitable python interpreter installed, python programs will run in exactly the same manner,
irrespective of platform.
6. It’s easy to use and learn
• No intermediate compile
• Python Programs are compiled automatically to an intermediate form called byte code, which the interpreter then reads.
• This gives python the development speed of an interpreter without the performance loss inherent in purely interpreted
languages.
• Structure and syntax are pretty intuitive and easy to grasp.
7. Interpreted Language Python is processed at runtime by python Interpreter
8. Interactive Programming Language Users can interact with the python interpreter directly for writing the
programs
9. Straight forward syntax The formation of python syntax is simple and straight forward which also makes it
popular

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 Frequently used terms:

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 Operating System
• An operating system (OS) is a set of programs managing hardware
and software resources on a computer

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 18ECS301J Applied Programming

Summary:
• Introduction to python.
• What are the six main reasons that people choose to use Python.
• List few notable companies or organizations using Python today.
• Why might you not want to use Python in an application?
• What can you do with Python?
• Installation of python software.

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Thank you

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18ECS301J-Applied Programming 23
 18ECS301J
Applied Programming
Unit 1
Session 2

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Data Types

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• A program consists of statements

• Syntax is the exact specification of instructions to the computer

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Example program

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Illegal Variable Names
• Program files can have a freely chosen name, but stay away
from names that coincide with keywords or module names in
Python.
• For instance, do not use
math.py time.py random.py
os.py sys.py, while.py
for.py if.py class.py
def.py
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printf syntax

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 printf syntax

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Examples on different printf formats

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• A program takes some known input data and computes
some output data

• Objects: Python interprets the number 21 on the right-hand side of the

assignment as an integer and creates an int (for integer) object holding the value
21. The variable C acts as a name for this int object

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Answer?????
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 The error is caused by (unintended) integer division

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Everything in Python is an Object

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Arithmetic expressions

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Using standard Mathematical modules

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Using standard Mathematical modules

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Rounding Errors

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Type Conversion

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support for complex numbers

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Symbolic Computing

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Interactive Computing
• The environments where you work interactively with programming
are commonly known as Python shells.
• The simplest Python shell is invoked by just typing python at the
command line in a terminal window.

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Let’s find out
why the following programs do not work
C=A+B
A=3
B=2
print C
x=1
Print ‘sin(%g)=%g’ % (x, sin(x))

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Corrected code

A=3
B=2
C=A+B
print(C)

Corrected code

from math import sin

x=1
print('sin(%g)=%g' % (x, sin(x)))
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Find errors in the following statements
• 1a = 2 • c = 4**3**2**3
• _ = ((c-78564)/c + 32))
• a1 = b
• x=2 • discount = 12%
• AMOUNT = 120.-
• y = X + 4 # is it 6? • amount = 120$
• from Math import tan
• address = [email protected]
• print tan(pi)
• and = duck
• pi = "3.14159’ • class = ’INF1100, gr 2"
• continue_ = x > 0
• print tan(pi)
• rev = fox = True
• Norwegian = [’a human language’]
• true = fox is rev in Norwegian

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Corrected code
• ***************************** ******************************
• from math import tan, pi address = '[email protected]'
and_var = 'duck'
• print(tan(pi))
class_var = "INF1100, gr 2"
• pi = "3.14159" continue_var = x > 0
• print(tan(float(pi))) rev = fox = True
• **************************** Norwegian = ['a human language']
• c = 4 ** 3 ** 2 ** 3 true_var = fox is rev in Norwegian
• _ = ((c - 78564) / c + 32) *******************************
• ****************************
• discount = 0.12 # 12% as a decimal
• AMOUNT = 120.0 # Note: Use a decimal point for floating-
point numbers
• amount = 120.0 # Similar to AMOUNT
• ***************************

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 Summary

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THANK YOU

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 18ECS301J
APPLIED PROGAMMING
Unit 1
Session 5 : User Input and error Handling

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 Session 5
Control Flow Statements Sequences

Hard code Data

• Hardcoding is used in various programming languages and
contexts and is generally used when a fixed value or unit of
data must be used in a program.
• Use of fixed values in control structures, such as conditional
statements or loops, in the source code of a program.

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 Hard code Data

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How to specify input data

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Getting input

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Getting input

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Python Program
• In concrete perspective, Python programs can be decomposed into
modules, statements, expressions, and objects, as follows:
1. Programs are composed of modules.
2. Modules contain statements.
3. Statements contain expressions.
4. Expressions create and process objects.

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Python Collections (Arrays)
• There are four collection data types in the Python programming
language:

• List is a collection which is ordered and changeable. Allows duplicate

members.
• Tuple is a collection which is ordered and unchangeable. Allows
duplicate members.
• Set is a collection which is unordered, unchangeable, and unindexed.
No duplicate members.
• Dictionary is a collection which is ordered and changeable. No
duplicate members.
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Reading from Command line
• Command line arguments are words written after the program name.

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Reading from Command line

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Reading data from file

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Reading data from file

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Alternative ways to read a file

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File reading Demo

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Reading a mixture of text and numbers

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Reading a mixture of text and numbers

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Complete Program

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Writing Data to a file

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Writing a table

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What is a file?

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 Wrong Input from User

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Handle errors at the input

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Summary of Session 5

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Summary of session 5
Reading and Writing

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Practice program
• r: Opens a file for reading only r+: Opens a file for both reading and
writing w: Opens a file for writing only w+: Open a file for writing
and reading. a: Opens a file for appending a+: Opens a file for both
appending and reading.

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 18ECE201J
Python and Scientific Python
Unit 1
Session 6 : Making Modules

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Python Program
• In concrete perspective, Python programs can be decomposed into
modules, statements, expressions, and objects, as follows:
1. Programs are composed of modules.
2. Modules contain statements.
3. Statements contain expressions.
4. Expressions create and process objects.

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Making Own Modules

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Making Own Modules

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Adding test block in a module

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Test block in functions

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How Python can find new module

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Example

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 18ECE201J
Python and Scientific Python
Unit 1
Session 9 : While and for loops,
Lists manipulation, Loops with list indices

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Loops
• Repetitive tasks in a program can be automated by
loops

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While Loop

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While Loop – Program Flow

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Boolean expression – T or F

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 Lists
• Lists are objects for storing a sequence of things (objects)

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List Operations
indexing, append, extend, insert, delete

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List Opeations: search

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 for Loop

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Making a table with for loop

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Translate for loop to while loop

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Mathematical sum using loops

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Storing Table columns as Lists

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for loop with list indices

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 Change elements in a list

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List Comprehension

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Loops: Use of zip construct

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 18ECE201J
Python and Scientific Python
Unit 1
Session 10 : Nested loops, functions, lambda functions, if tests

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Nested Lists

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Table of columns Vs Table of rows

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Illustration of nested lists
Illustration of table of columns Illustration of table of rows

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Extracting sublists (slices…)

What does this code snippet do?

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Example

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Homework

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Tuples: Constant Lists

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Need for Tuples

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 Functions: An important programming
tool

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Functions: An important programming tool

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Functions must be called

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Functions: Example

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Functions: Example

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Local Vs Global Variables

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 Home work

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Function: Python Convention

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Functions

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Functions: Example

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Lambda functions:
compact inline functions

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if tests:
for branching the flow of statements

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General form of if tests

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Example on multiple branching
• In line if tests

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 Summary of sessions 9 and 10

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 Summary of sessions 9 and 10

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End of UNIT-I

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