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Beta and Gamma Functions

The document discusses the Gamma and Beta functions, defining them through specific integrals for positive integers n and m. It also outlines key properties and relationships between these functions, including formulas and identities. Notably, it highlights the relationship between the Beta and Gamma functions, as well as various properties such as duplication formulas and symmetry.

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sakshihuple
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Beta and Gamma Functions

The document discusses the Gamma and Beta functions, defining them through specific integrals for positive integers n and m. It also outlines key properties and relationships between these functions, including formulas and identities. Notably, it highlights the relationship between the Beta and Gamma functions, as well as various properties such as duplication formulas and symmetry.

Uploaded by

sakshihuple
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Beta and Gamma

Functions
Beta and Gamma Functions

Gamma Function : The function of n defined by the integral

∞
𝑒 −𝑥 𝑥 𝑛−1 𝑑𝑥 (𝑛 > 0)
0

is called Gamma function of n and is symbolically written as Γ 𝑛


∞
∴Γ 𝑛 = 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑥 𝑛−1 𝑑𝑥 (𝑛 > 0)
0

Beta Function : The function of m and n defined by the integral

1
𝑥 𝑚−1 (1 − 𝑥)𝑛−1 𝑑𝑥 (𝑚 > 0, 𝑛 > 0)
0

is called as Beta function and is denoted by (m, n)


Beta Function(Alternate) : The function of m and n defined by the integral

∞
𝑥 𝑚−1
𝑚+𝑛
𝑑𝑥 (𝑚 > 0, 𝑛 > 0)
0 (1 + 𝑥)

is called as Beta function and is denoted by (m, n)

∞ 1
𝑥 𝑚−1
∴ 𝛽 𝑚, 𝑛 = 𝑚+𝑛
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑚−1 (1 − 𝑥)𝑛−1 𝑑𝑥 (𝑚 > 0, 𝑛 > 0)
0 (1 + 𝑥) 0
Properties of Gamma and Beta Functions :
𝟏. Γ 𝑛 + 1 = 𝑛Γ 𝑛 𝑂𝑅 Γ 𝑛 + 1 = 𝑛! 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟

𝟐. Γ 1 =1 𝟑. 𝛽 𝑚, 𝑛 = 𝛽(𝑛, 𝑚)
Γ(𝑚) ∙ Γ(𝑛)
𝟒. 𝑹𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒘𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒂 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑮𝒂𝒎𝒎𝒂 𝑭𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔: 𝛽 𝑚, 𝑛 =
Γ(𝑚 + 𝑛)
𝜋
2
𝑝 𝑞
1 𝑝+1 𝑞+1
𝟓. 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 ∙ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = 𝛽 ,
0 2 2 2

1 𝜋
𝟔. Γ = 𝜋 𝟕. Γ 𝑝 Γ 1−𝑝 = 0<𝑝<1
2 sin 𝑝𝜋

1 𝜋
𝟖. 𝑫𝒖𝒑𝒍𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂: Γ 𝑚 Γ 𝑚+ = 2𝑚−1 Γ 2𝑚
2 2

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