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Apa Citation Format

The document provides guidelines on APA citation format, specifically focusing on in-text citations, quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing. It outlines the necessary components for citations, including author names, publication years, and page numbers, as well as different formats for one, two, or multiple authors. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of citing sources to avoid plagiarism and maintain academic integrity.

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Majestical Frosty
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8 views

Apa Citation Format

The document provides guidelines on APA citation format, specifically focusing on in-text citations, quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing. It outlines the necessary components for citations, including author names, publication years, and page numbers, as well as different formats for one, two, or multiple authors. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of citing sources to avoid plagiarism and maintain academic integrity.

Uploaded by

Majestical Frosty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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APA

STYLE
Practical Research 1
APA Citation Format
In-Text Citation
• In-text citations are used to show where information
comes from.
• An in-text citation is a citation within your writing
that shows where you found your information, facts,
quotes, and research.
• Each APA in-text citation in your writing must also
correspond to an entry in your References list.
APA Citation Format
In-Text Citation
All APA in-text citations require the same basic information:

• Author’s last name (no first names or initials)


• Year of publication/or “n.d.” if there is “no date”:
(Last Name, n.d., p.#))
• Page number, paragraph number, chapter, section, or
time stamp where the information can be located
within the source (only required for direct quotes)
APA Citation Format
In-Text Citation
• When citing websites and e-books that don't have
page numbers, use a paragraph number instead.

Example: (Santos, 2019, para 4)


APA Citation Format
So, when do you cite?
APA Citation Format
Citing Quotations
• A quotation is a line or multiple lines of words copied
directly from a source.
• When you cite a quote, you need to include the
author's last name, the year, and the page or
paragraph number.
• For direct quotations, you need to include the page
number as well.

Example: (Johnson, 2021, p. 15)


APA Citation Format
Citing Quotations
In general, when you quote, in-text citation needs to
include 3 things:

1) Author's last name(s)


2) Year
3) Page or paragraph number
APA Citation Format
Two Ways ways to format an in-text citation
1) Parenthetical citation (End of Sentence)
All the citation information are placed at the end of
the sentence.

2) Narrative citation (Throughout the Sentence)


It includes some of the citation information as part
of the sentence.
APA Citation Format
1) One Author
Format (End of Sentence):
"Quote goes here" (Last name, year, p.#).

Example:
"Learning how to include in-text citations reduces
your chances of plagiarism greatly" (Williams,
2015, p.26).
APA Citation Format
1) One Author
Format (Throughout the Sentence):
According to Last name (year), "quote goes here" (p.#).

Example:
According to Williams (2015), "Learning how to
include in-text citations reduces your chances of
plagiarism greatly" (p.26).
APA Citation Format
2) Two Authors
Format (End of Sentence):
"Quote goes here" (Last name 1 & Last name 2, year, p.#).

Example:
"Learning how to include in-text citations reduces
your chances of plagiarism greatly "Williams &
Edwards, 2015, p.26).
APA Citation Format
2) Two Authors
Format (Throughout the Sentence):
According to Last name 1 and Last name 2 (year),"quote
goes here" (p.#).

Example:
According to Williams and Edwards
(2015),"Learning how to include in-text citations
reduces your chances of plagiarism greatly" (p.26).
APA Citation Format
3) Three or More Authors
Format (End of Sentence) :
"Quote goes here" (Last name 1 et al., year, p.#).

Example:
"Learning how to include in-text citations reduces
your chances of plagiarism greatly"(Williams et al.,
2015, p.26).
APA Citation Format
3) Three or More Authors
Format (Throughout the Sentence):
According to Last name 1 et al. (year), "quote goes here" (p.#).

Example:
According to Williams et al. (2015), “Learning how
to include in-text citations reduces your chances
of plagiarism greatly" (p.26).
APA Citation Format
4) No or Unknown Author
Format (End of Sentence):
"Quote goes here" ("Title of the Article or Web Page
Surrounded by Quotation Marks," year, p.#).

Example:
"Learning how to include in-text citations reduces
your chances of plagiarism" ("APA Made Easy,"
2015, p.26).
APA Citation Format
4) No or Unknown Author
Format (Throughout the Sentence):
According to "Title of Article of Web Page Surrounded by
Quotation Marks" (year), "quote goes here" (p.#).

Example:
According to "APA Made Easy" (2015), "Learning
how to include in-text citations reduces your
chances of plagiarism" (p.26).
APA Citation Format
5) Block Quote
Format:
• Introduce the quotation with a signal phrase
• Indent the entire quote a half inch
• Place the in-text citation after the period
• Do not include quotation marks (the indentation
signified that this is a direct

Note: a block quote is a quotation that is


more than 40 words in length..
APA Citation Format
5) Block Quote
Example:
Fitzgerald's concluding words of The Great Gatsby
adequately sum up the human condition and how each of
us pushes on with our daily efforts, be they grand or trivial:
Gatsby believed in the green light, the orgastic
future that year by year recedes before us. It eluded
us then, but that's no matter-tomorrow we will run
faster, stretch out our arms farther... And then one
fine morning-So we beat on, boats against the
current, borne back ceaselessly into the past.
(Fitzgerald, 1925, p. 180)
APA Citation Format
Paraphrasing
• Paraphrasing is what you should do most commonly
in academic writing. It is preferred over quoting
because it shows that you understand the outside
material you are using.
• Paraphrasing gives you more agency over your
paper by allowing you to explain the expert opinions,
research studies, or other evidence to your reader as
it relates to your topic.
APA Citation Format
Paraphrasing
• Paraphrasing is using your own words to express
someone else’s message, ideas, facts, or research. In
a paraphrase, the ideas and meaning of the original
source must be maintained and the main ideas need
to come through, but the wording must be your
own. Also, paraphrased information needs to be
cited.
APA Citation Format
Paraphrased Content
• Paraphrased content refers to the information you
obtained from a source that must be put into your
own words.
• When you cite paraphrased information, you need
to include the author's last name, and the year the
source was published.

Note: Including the page, paragraph, chapter, section, or time


stamp is optional for paraphrased information.
APA Citation Format
Citing Paraphrased and Summarized Content
In paraphrasing or summarizing information from a
source, APA only requires you to cite the author’s last
name and year of publication in your in-text citation.

Example:
Some educational theorists suggest that schooling
and a focus on teaching literacy divided society into
educated and uneducated classes (Cook-Gumperz,
1986).
APA Citation Format
Citing Paraphrased and Summarized Content
In paraphrasing or summarizing information from a
source, APA only requires you to cite the author’s last
name and year of publication in your in-text citation.

Example:
Some argue that relying too much on the Internet
for information might hinder our mental capacities
and our ability to read books and other long pieces
(Carr, 2008).
APA Citation Format
Summarizing
• Summarizing is taking larger selections of text and
reducing them to their essentials: the gist, the key
ideas, the main points that are worth noting and
remembering. Think of a summary as the “general
idea in brief form”;
• It is the distillation, condensation, or reduction of a
larger work into its primary notions and main ideas.
Lastly, remember that summarized information
needs to be cited.
APA Citation Format
Summarizing
• Summarizing is done when you need to provide
your reader with broad background information or a
general overview of a topic, theory, practice, or a
literary work or film.
• A short summary might be included in an
introductory paragraph or in the first body
paragraph, which may focus on providing a general
overview of the topic.

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