PM SHRI KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA GACHIBOWLI, GPRA CAMPUS, HYD-32

SAMPLE PAPER TEST 01 FOR BOARD EXAM 2025

(ANSWERS)
SUBJECT: SCIENCE MAX. MARKS: 80
CLASS : X DURATION: 3 HRS
General Instruction:
1. This Question Paper has 5 Sections A-E.
2. Section A has 20 MCQs carrying 1 mark each.
3. Section B has 6 questions carrying 02 marks each.
4. Section C has 7 questions carrying 03 marks each.
5. Section D has 3 questions carrying 05 marks each.
6. Section E has 3 case based integrated units of assessment (04 marks each) with sub-parts of the
values of 1, 1 and 2 marks each respectively.
7. All Questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice in 2 Qs of 5 marks, 2 Qs of 3 marks
and 2 Questions of 2 marks has been provided. An internal choice has been provided in the
2marks questions of Section E
8. Draw neat figures wherever required. Take π =22/7 wherever required if not stated.
SECTION – A
Questions 1 to 20 carry 1 mark each.
1. While studying the saponification reaction, what do you observe when you mix an equal amount
of colourless vegetable oil and 20% aqueous solution of NaOH in a beaker?
(a) The colour of the mixture has become dark brown.
(b) A brisk effervescence is taking place in the beaker.
(c) The outer surface of the beaker has become hot.
(d) The outer surface of the beaker has become cold.
Ans: (c) The outer surface of the beaker has become hot
The beaker becomes hot because it is an exothermic reaction.

2. Identify gas A in the following experiment.

(a) Nitrogen (b) Hydrogen (c) Oxygen (d) Carbon dioxide

Ans: (b) Hydrogen
When dilute sulphuric acid is poured on zinc granules, then zinc being more reactive than
hydrogen displaces it from the acid and forms zinc sulphate and hydrogen gas.
Hydrogen is a combustible gas and burns with a popping sound.

3. Why do we store silver chloride in dark-coloured bottles?

(a) To prevent precipitation of silver chloride
(b) To prevent decomposition of silver chloride
(c) To promote decomposition of silver chloride
(d) All of these

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 8. What is the direction of magnetic field at a point A above the wire carrying current I as shown
in figure?

• Ethene/ C2H4 is formed. (a) Out of the page (b) Into the page (c) Up the page (d) Down the page
• Acts as a Dehydrating agent. Ans: (a) Out of the page
According to Right hand thumb rule, the magnetic field lines emerges at A is out of the page.

9. Choose the correct statement about heart.

(a) The upper two chambers of human heart are called ventricles.
(b) The lower two chambers of human heart are called atrium.
(c) The chambers of the heart are separated by a partition called pericardium.
(d) The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
Ans: (d) The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
Human heart is four chambered which means that it is composed of four chambers: right atrium,
right ventricle, left ventricle and left atrium. The chambers are separated by a muscular wall that
prevents the mixing of the blood rich in oxygen with the blood rich in carbon dioxide.
Pulmonary artery is the only artery that carries carbon dioxide rich blood from heart to the
lungs.
10. If the structure marked X in the diagram given below is blocked, then which of the processes
will not occur?

(a) Transpiration and respiration

(b) Transpiration, photosynthesis and respiration
(c) Respiration, transpiration and transportation
(d) Respiration and photosynthesis
Ans. (c) Respiration, transpiration and transportation

11. In peas, a pure tall plant (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt). The ratio of pure tall plants to
short plants in F2 is
(a) 1 : 3 (b) 3 : 1 (c) 1 : 1 (d) 2 : 1
Ans: (c) 1 : 1

12. A cylindrical conductor of length l and uniform area of cross section A has resistance R.
Another conductor of length 2l and resistance R of the same material has area of crosssection:
(a) A/2 (b) 3A/2 (c) 2A (d) 3A
Ans. (c) 2A

13. As per Michael Faraday, the forefinger, middle finger and thumb indicate the direction of:
(a) magnetic field, force and current respectively.
(b) magnetic field, current and force respectively.
(c) current, force and magnetic field respectively.
(d) force, magnetic field and current respectively.
Ans: (b) magnetic field, current and force respectively
The direction of force experienced by a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field is
given by Fleming's left-hand rule which states that “Stretch the forefinger, the central finger and
the thumb of your left hand mutually perpendicular to each other. If the forefinger shows the

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 (b) Statement is false. Transpiration is a universal process that occurs in all plants. It does not
involve root pressure but the water comes out from a plant in the form of water vapour. 19. Assertion: Strength of an electromagnet can be increased by increasing the number of turns per
(c) The effect of root pressure in transport of water is more important at night as during the day, unit length in solenoid coil.
transpiration pull is the major driving force in the movement of water in xylem. Reason: Strength of an electromagnet can be increased by increasing the current flowing
OR through the solenoid.
(c) Phloem transports soluble products of photosynthesis in plants. Translocation of food and Ans: (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct explanation
other substances takes place in seive tubes. Translocation in phloem is achieved by utilizing of assertion (A)
energy.
20. Assertion(A): Spores are formed in sporangia.
38. We know that the characteristics of image formed by a concave mirror depend on the position of Reason(R): Spores grow into separate individuals in moist conditions.
the object with respect to the mirror. Ans: (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct explanation
When an object is placed between F and infinity, the image formed is real and inverted. But of assertion (A)
when the object is placed between F and mirror it cannot be obtained on the screen. The image
formed in this case is virtual, erect and magnified. Such image may be seen by looking in the SECTION – B
mirror directly. Questions 21 to 26 carry 2 marks each.

21. Observe the given figure: What happens when the tube is heated?

(a) Write a balanced chemical equation of the reaction.

(b) Identify the brown gas X evolved.
When the object is moved from focus towards infinity, the image moves from infinity towards Ans: (a) Balanced equation for the reaction taking place on heating copper (II) nitrate in a
focus and its size decreases. boiling tube is given below:
When object is placed at 2F image of the same size is formed at 2F, itself.
(i) What will be the nature of image if an object is placed 10 cm in front of a concave mirror of
focal length 20 cm?
(ii) What is the minimum distance between the object and its real image for concave mirror? (b) The brown gas X evolved is nitrogen dioxide gas (NO2).
(iii) A candle flame 3 cm high is placed at a distance of 3 m from a wall. How far from the wall
22. Define an ecosystem. Draw a block diagram to show the flow of energy in an ecosystem.
must a concave mirror be placed in order that it may form an image of the flame 9 cm high on
Ans: An ecosystem can be defined as a functional unit of nature, where living organisms
the wall?
interact among themselves and with the surrounding physical environment.
OR
Assuming 10,000 J of energy is available to the producers, then 1000 J will be available to the
(iii) Draw a ray diagram when an object is placed near a concave mirror at a distance of one-
primary consumers, 100 J will be available to secondary consumers and 10 J will be available to
fourth the radius of curvature of the concave mirror?
tertiary consumers.
Ans: (i) Concave mirror forms erect and enlarged image when held closer to the cavity.
(ii) The minimum distance is zero as concave mirror forms a real and inverted image at 2F of
23. What will happen if mucus is not secreted by the gastric glands?
the object kept at 2F.
Ans: Gastric glands in stomach release hydrochloric acid, enzyme pepsin and mucus. Mucus
protects the inner lining of stomach from the action of hydrochloric acid and enzyme pepsin. If
mucus is not released, it will lead to erosion of inner lining of stomach, leading to acidity and
ulcers.

24. Why does carbon become stable after sharing four electrons? What type of bond is formed by
sharing?
Ans: The atomic number of carbons is 6 and its electronic configuration is 2, 4. It is tetravalent
as it has 4 valence electrons. It can neither gain nor lose 4 electrons to acquire the nearest noble
gas configuration. Only way is to share the four valence electrons with the electrons of other
(iii) Clearly, the image distance = u + 3 atoms. The type of bond formed by sharing of electrons is covalent bond.
v I (u  3) 9 OR
m     9u  3u  9  6u  9 ⇒ u = 1.5 m
u O u 3 Why are covalent compounds being poor conductors of electricity? Why do covalent
Distance of wall from the mirror = u + 3 = 1.5 + 3 = 4.5 m compounds have low melting and boiling points?
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 • When charge Q flows through a conductor of resistance R having potential difference of V ,
the workdone W is given by- 28. A chemical compound ‘X’ is used in the soap and glass industry. It is prepared from brine.
(i) Write the chemical name, common name and chemical formula of ‘X’.
(ii) Write the equation involved in its preparation.
(iii) What happens when it is treated with water containing Ca or Mg salts?
Ans: (i) Chemical Name – Sodium Carbonate decahydrate
Common Name – Washing Soda
Chemical Formula - Na2CO3 .10H2O
(ii) NaCl + H2O + CO2 + NH3   NH4Cl + NaHCO3
W= V × Q = V × I × t 2NaHCO3  Heat
 Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2
= IR × I × t = I2Rt Na2CO3 + 10H2O   Na2CO3 .10H2O
(⸪ V = I ×R – Ohm’s Law) (iii) It helps in removing permanent hardness./ It forms insoluble Ca or Mg salts in the form of
When circuit is purely resistive electric energy is converted into heat energy. scum.
H= I2Rt
(ii) Here I= 2A ; R= 10Ω ; t= 100s 29. A piece of wire having resistance ‘R’ is cut into four equal parts.
H= I2Rt (a) How does the resistance of each part compare with the original resistance?
= (2A)2 × 10Ω × 100s (b) If the four parts are placed in parallel, how will be the resistance of the combination compare
= 4000 J with the resistance of the original wire?
Ans: (a) As R  l, when the wire is cut into four equal pieces, the resistance of each part is R/4
36. (a) Write electronic configurations of two elements X (At. no. 12) and Y (At. no. 17). Show the (b) When they are connected in parallel.
formation of ionic compound when X and Y combine with each other. Write the name and 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 16 R
formula of the compound formed. State what would happen if electric current is passed through           Rp 
Rp R1 R2 R3 R4 R R R R R 16
the aqueous solution of this compound. Name the ion that will reach at (i) cathode, and
(ii) anode.
Ans. (a) • X : 2,8,2
• Y: 2,8,7
• (Any one of the following below formation)

• Name: Magnesium chloride

• Formula : MgCl2
• The compound will dissociate into ions/ions will move freely to the opposite
electrodes/electrolysis will occur. 30. An object 6 cm in size is placed at 50 cm in front of a convex lens of focal length 30 cm. At
• (i) Cathode: Mg2+ / Magnesium ion/Cation what distance from the lens should a screen be placed in order to obtain a sharp image of the
(ii) Anode: Cl- /Chloride ion/Anion object? Find the nature and size of the image. Also draw labelled ray diagram to show the image
OR formation in this case.
(b) (i) Write the name of two metals of moderate reactivity. Which one of the two is more Ans: Given: f = +30 cm, u = –50 cm, h = 6.0 cm
reactive ? How can this fact be demonstrated experimentally in a school laboratory?
(ii) Some metals of moderate reactivity are also found in the Earth’s crust in the form of their
carbonates. Name the processes involved in the extraction of metal from them, giving chemical
equations for the reactions that occur.
Ans. (b) (i) • Zinc, Iron, Lead, Copper (any two)
• Zinc is more reactive than Iron/Iron is more reactive than Copper/Lead is more reactive than
Copper (or any other suitable combination)
• Demonstration:
1. Put iron nail in a solution of copper sulphate taken in a test tube.
2. After sometime blue colour of CuSO4 fades. (Any other relevant activity)
(ii) • Calcination 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 53 2 1
• Reduction using Carbon By Lens formula,          
Chemical Reactions f v u v f u 30 50 150 150 75
1. ZnCO3  
heat
 ZnO + CO2 ⇒ v = +75 cm

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 Ans: A beam of white light falling on a glass prism gets split up into seven colours as shown in 33. How is copper extracted from its sulphide ore ? Explain the various steps supported by chemical
the diagram: equations. Draw labelled diagram for the electrolytic refining of copper.
Ans: Sulphide ore of copper is heated in air.
2Cu2S + 3O2 → 2Cu2O + 2SO2
2Cu2O + Cu2S → 6Cu + SO

(a) The colours at position marked 3 and 5 are yellow and blue respectively whereas the student
identified them as blue and yellow. Hence, the statement made by the student is incorrect.
Different colours of light bend through different angles with respect to the incident ray, as they
pass through the prism. The red light bends the least while the violet the most.
(b) (i) Position 7 is the position of violet colour, which corresponds to the colour of a solution of
OR
potassium permanganate.
Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions and identify the type of
(ii) Position 1 is the position of red colour, which corresponds to the colour of 'danger' or stop
reaction in each case.
signal lights.
(i) Thermit reaction, iron (III) oxide reacts with aluminium and gives molten iron and
aluminium oxide.
SECTION – D (ii) Magnesium ribbon is burnt in an atmosphere of nitrogen gas to form solid magnesium
Questions 34 to 36 carry 5 marks each. nitride.
(iii) Chlorine gas is passed in an aqueous potassium iodide solution to form potassium chloride
34. (a) (i) Label the endocrine glands given in figure below: solution and solid iodine.
(iv) Ethanol is burnt in air to form carbon dioxide, water and releases heat.
Ans: (i) Fe2O3(s) + 2Al(s)   Al2O3(s) + 2Fe(l) + Heat (Displacement reaction)
(ii) 3Mg(s) + N2(g)   Mg3N2(s) (Combination reaction)
(iii) 2KI(aq) + Cl2(g)   2KCl(aq) + I2(s) (Displacement reaction)
(iv) C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g)   2CO2(g) + 3H2O(l) + Heat
(Oxidation reaction/Combustion reaction)

SECTION – D
Questions 34 to 36 carry 5 marks each.
34. What are esters? How are esters prepared? Write the chemical equation for the reaction
involved. What happens when an ester reacts with sodium hydroxide? Write the chemical
(ii) A hot object has been touched by you. Draw a diagram that shows the steps that result in a equation for the reaction and also state the name and use of this reaction.
response, such as a hasty hand pullback. Ans: Esters: Pleasant smelling organic compounds
(iii) How are involuntary actions and reflex actions different from each other? Esters are formed by the reaction of carboxylic acids and alcohols in the presence of acid.
Ans: (i) (a) Pineal gland Equation: CH3COOH + C2H5OH   CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
(b) Pituitary gland Sodium ethanoate is formed when an ester reacts with sodium hydroxide.
(c) Thyroid CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH   CH3COONa + C2H5OH
(d) Thymus Name of Reaction : Saponification
(ii) Reflex action: In the response to touching a hot object, the sensory neurons in our hand Use : Preparation of soap
sends signal to the spinal cord, which then triggers an automatic reflex response(action) and OR
helps the hand to quickly pull back. It is an example of reflex action, which is rapid, What is the difference between soaps and detergents? State in brief the cleansing action of soaps
unconscious response to a stimulus.
in removing an oily spot from a fabric. Why are soaps not very effective when a fabric is
(iii) Involuntary actions are actions that are not consciously controlled, but they are not washed in hard water? How is this problem resolved?
necessarily reflex actions. For example, the beating of the heart is an involuntary action, but it is Ans. Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long-chain carboxylic acids. Detergents are
not a reflex action. The difference between reflex actions and involuntary actions is that reflex generally ammonium or sulphonate salts of long chain carboxylic acids.
actions are rapid, unconscious responses to a stimulus, while involuntary actions are actions that
Cleansing action of soaps: A soap molecule contains a hydrophilic polar end (COO– Na+) and a
are not consciously controlled but may be a result of complex processes in the brain and other hydrophobic non-polar carbon chain. The hydrophobic part is soluble in oil whereas hydrophilic
parts of the body. part is soluble in water. The non-polar end gets attached to oily or greasy particle on the cloth
OR
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 (ii) • Neutral transferred to new generation. Crossing over is the fundamental cause of origin of variations in
Reason : salt of strong acid and strong base sexually reproducing organisms.
• Acidic Whereas, in asexual reproduction, chance of variations can only occur when there is inaccurate
Reason : salt of strong acid and weak base. copying of DNA as only one individual is involved. The variations caused by crossing over in
sexually reproducing organisms are subjected to the selection process. Natural selection selects
29. A cross was carried out between pure breed tall pea plant with pure dwarf pea plant and F1 those variations which have more adaptive value and guide them towards evolution of new
progeny was obtained. Later, F1, progeny was selfed to obtain F2 progeny. Answer the following species. In this way, sexual reproduction gives rise to more viable variations for evolution.
questions: OR
(a) What is the phenotype of the F1 progeny and why? (a) What are dominant and recessive traits?
(b) Give the phenotypic ratio of the F2 progeny. (b) "Is it possible that a trait is inherited but may not be expressed in the next generation?" Give
(c) Why is F2 progeny different from the F1 progeny? a suitable example to justify this statement.
Ans: (a) Tall because it is a dominant trait whereas dwarf is a recessive trait. Ans: (a) Dominant traits: The trait which expresses itself in F1 (first) generation after crossing
(b) 3 : 1 is ratio between tall to dwarf. contrasting (opposite) traits is known as dominant character (trait).
(c) In F2 generation, recessive genes are also expressed in homozygous condition. Recessive trait: The trait which do not express itself in F1 (first) generation after crossing
contrasting (opposite) trait.
30. Study the following circuit and answer the questions that follows: (b) Yes

SECTION – E(Case Study Based Questions)

Questions 37 to 39 carry 4 marks each.
37. Case Study – 1
A student added 10 g of calcium carbonate in a rigid container, secured it tightly and started to
heat it. After some time, an increase in pressure was observed, the pressure reading was then
noted at intervals of 5 mins and plotted against time, in a graph as shown below.

(a) State the type of combination of two resistors in the circuit.

(b) How much current is flowing through (i) 10 Ohms and (ii) 15 Ohms resistor?
(c) What is the ammeter reading?
Ans: (a) Resistors in the circuit are connected in parallel combination.
(b) (i) Let I1 be the current flowing through R1 = 10 Ohm
Now, I1R1 = V
⇒ I1 = V/R1 = 5/10 = 0.5 A
(ii) Let I2 be the current flowing through R2 = 15 Ohm
Now, I2R2 = V
⇒ I2 = V/R2 = 5/15 = 0.33 A
(c) Ammeter reading will be 0.83 A, which is the sum of currents flowing through R1 and R2 as (i) During which interval did maximum decomposition took place?
they are connected in parallel. this can also be done like this. (ii) Marble statues are corroded or stained when they repeatedly come into contact with polluted
1 1 1 1 1 3 2 5 1 rain water. Identify the main reason.
Since resistors are connected in parallel,       
R R1 R2 10 15 30 30 6
V 5
 R  6  I    0.83 A
R 6

31. (a) Name a part of the flower which (i) persists even after a fruit is formed,
(ii) attracts insects for pollination, (iii) produces pollen grains and
(iv) changes into seed after fertilisation.
(b) After pollination, how does a male germ cell reach the ovary ? Mention the significance of
this event.
Ans. (a) (i) Sepals
(ii) Petals
(iii) Anther
(iv) Ovule.
(b) • Through the pollen tube. (iii) What happens when calcium carbonate decompose? What could be done to increase the rate
• Male germ cell fuses with female germ cell to produce a zygote/ fertilization takes place of decomposition of CaCO3?
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 (3) It ultimately leads to formation of new species. Ans: (a) Red ray is least deviated by a prism as the refractive index of glass is least for red.
(b) Violet has the least wavelength among the colours of the visible spectrum. It has the
23. Draw a labelled ray diagram to show the formation of image due to a concave mirror when an minimum velocity.
object is placed between its pole and principal focus. (c) Formation of rainbow is due to dispersion of sunlight by the tiny droplets of water present in
Ans. the atmosphere. Twinkling of stars and early sunrise are due to atmospheric refraction.
OR
(c) The angle between the emergent ray and the incident ray is known as the angle of deviation
of a prism as shown in the following figure:

[P : Pole, F : Principal Focus, AB : Object, A′B′: Image]

24. Draw a ray diagram to explain the term angle of deviation.

Ans:

39. Case Study – 3

Sahil performed an experiment to study the inheritance pattern of genes. He crossed tall pea
plants (TT) with short pea plants (tt) and obtained all tall plants in F1 generation.
(i) What will be set of genes present in the F1 generation?
(ii) Give reason why only tall plants are observed in F1 progeny.
(iii) When F1 plants were self-pollinated, a total of 800 plants were produced. How many of
these would be tall, medium height or short plants? Give the genotype of F2 generation.
OR
(iii) When F1 plants were cross - pollinated with plants having tt genes, a total of 800 plants
were produced. How many of these would be tall, medium height or short plants? Give the
∠δ is the angle of deviation. genotype of F2 generation.
OR Ans:
(b) Name the muscles present in the human eye which enable it to focus on objects at varied
distances (i.e., distant as well as nearby objects). Explain how it happens.
Ans. (b) • Ciliary muscles
• Ciliary muscles adjust/change the focal length of eye lens by changing the curvature of eye
lens.

25. “A vegetarian food habit helps in getting more energy.” Justify the statement.
Ans. A vegetarian food habit involves only two step food chain
Producer → Primary consumer (Herbivore)
An average of 10% of the amount of organic matter reaches to the next level of consumer, hence
it gets more energy.

26. (a) In the diagram given below, name the labelled parts X and Y. Mention one function for each.

(i) Tt
(ii) Traits like ‘T’ are called dominant traits, while those that behave like ‘t’ are called recessive
traits. Alternatively: Law of dominance of traits– In a cross between a pair of contrasting
characters, only one parental character will be expressed in F1 generation which is called
dominant trait and the other is called recessive trait.
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 (a) 4 Ω (b) 40 Ω (c) 400 Ω (d) 0.4 Ω SAMPLE PAPER TEST 02 FOR BOARD EXAM 2025
Ans: (b) 40 Ω (ANSWERS)
V 4
R   40
I 100 103 SUBJECT: SCIENCE MAX. MARKS: 80
CLASS : X DURATION: 3 HRS
12. The diagram shown below depicts pollination. Choose the options that will show a maximum
variation in the offspring. General Instruction:
1. This Question Paper has 5 Sections A-E.
2. Section A has 20 MCQs carrying 1 mark each.
3. Section B has 5 questions carrying 02 marks each.
4. Section C has 6 questions carrying 03 marks each.
5. Section D has 4 questions carrying 05 marks each.
6. Section E has 3 case based integrated units of assessment (04 marks each) with sub-parts of the
values of 1, 1 and 2 marks each respectively.
7. All Questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice in 2 Qs of 5 marks, 2 Qs of 3 marks
and 2 Questions of 2 marks has been provided. An internal choice has been provided in the
2marks questions of Section E
8. Draw neat figures wherever required. Take π =22/7 wherever required if not stated.
(a) A, B and C (b) B and D (c) B, C and D (d) A and C
SECTION – A
Ans. (b) B and D
Questions 1 to 20 carry 1 mark each.
Male and female gametes are formed by the same parent plant in selfpollination (as shown by
“A” and “C”), and the progeny produced almost exactly resembles the parent plant. As they 1. A sample of soil is mixed with water and allowed to settle. The clear supernatant solution turns
grow on the same plant, this indicates that the genetic makeup of the male and female flowers is the pH paper yellowish-orange. Which of the following would change the colour of this pH
the same. paper to greenish-blue?
Cross-pollination (represented by the letters “B” and “D”), allows two genetically different (a) Lemon juice (b) Vinegar (c) Common salt (d) An antacid
plant characteristics from the same species to fuse. Due to the mixing of genetically diverse Ans: (d) An antacid
gametes, it causes genetic recombination and variability in plants. Sample solution turn pH paper yellowish-orange which confirms the acidic nature of the
sample. To make the colour to greenish-blue, we have to add an antacid.
13. The path of a ray of light coming from air passing through a rectangular glass slab is traced by
four students shown as A, B, C and D in the figure. Which one of them is correct? 2. Generally metals react with acids to give salt and hydrogen gas. Which of the following acids
does not give hydrogen gas on reacting with metals (except Mn and Mg)?
(a) H2SO4 (b) HCl (c) HNO3 (d) All of these
Ans: (c) HNO3

3. Identify the unsaturated compounds from the following

(i) Propane (ii) Propene (iii) Propyne (iv) Chloropropane
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii)
Ans: (b) Ans: (d) (ii) and (iii)
14. In the given food chain, suppose the amount of energy at the fourth trophic level is 5 kJ, what Propene has double bond and Propyne is having a triple bond. Hence they are unsaturated
will be the energy available at the producer level? compounds.
Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Hawk
(a) 5 kJ (b) 50 kJ (c) 500 kJ (d) 5000 kJ 4. Which one among the following is not removed as a waste product from the body of a plant?
Ans. (d) 5000 kJ (a) Resins and Gums (b) Urea (c) Dry Leaves (d) Excess Water
Ans: (b) Urea
15. The name of the compound ‘A’ formed in the following reaction is : Urea is not formed in the plants. The excretory products that are produced by the plants are
NaCl + NH3 + H2O + CO2 → ‘A’ + NH4Cl resins, gums, latex, dry leaves and excess water.
(a) Sodium carbonate (b) Ammonium carbonate
(c) Sodium hydrogen carbonate (d) Ammonium hydrogen carbonate 5. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
Ans. (c) Sodium hydrogen carbonate (a) For every hormone there is a gene.
(b) For every protein there is a gene.
16. Select the correct statement from the following about the reaction : (c) For production of every enzyme there is a gene.
CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O (d) For every molecule of fat there is a gene.
(a) CuO is getting oxidised and H2 is getting reduced. Ans: (d) For every molecule of fat there is a gene.
(b) H2 is getting oxidised and CuO is getting reduced.
(c) CuO is a reducing agent.
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 SAMPLE PAPER TEST 03 FOR BOARD EXAM 2025
(ANSWERS)
SUBJECT: SCIENCE MAX. MARKS: 80
CLASS : X DURATION: 3 HRS
General Instruction:
1. This Question Paper has 5 Sections A-E.
2. Section A has 20 MCQs carrying 1 mark each.
(a) R1 = R2 = R3 (b) R1 > R2 > R3 (c) R3 > R2 > R1 (d) R2 > R3 > R1
3. Section B has 5 questions carrying 02 marks each.
Ans: (c) R3 > R2 > R1
4. Section C has 6 questions carrying 03 marks each.
We know that the slope of V and I graph is inversely proportional to its resistance. It means
5. Section D has 4 questions carrying 05 marks each.
when the slope will be maximum, the resistance will be minimum. From the figure, we can see
6. Section E has 3 case based integrated units of assessment (04 marks each) with sub-parts of the
that the slope of R1 is maximum, so its resistance will be minimum. Similarly, the slope of R3 is
values of 1, 1 and 2 marks each respectively.
minimum, so its resistance will be maximum. Therefore, R3 > R2 > R1.
7. All Questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice in 2 Qs of 5 marks, 2 Qs of 3 marks
and 2 Questions of 2 marks has been provided. An internal choice has been provided in the
11. Four students plotted the sketch of the patterns of magnetic field lines representing the magnetic
2marks questions of Section E
field around a current carrying straight wire as shown in figures P, Q, R and S. Which one of the
8. Draw neat figures wherever required. Take π =22/7 wherever required if not stated.
following sketches is correct?
SECTION – A
Questions 1 to 20 carry 1 mark each.
1. A scientist in a chemistry lab wants to make salt of pH 5.5 using acid and base. The table shows
the acid and base present in the lab.
1 HCl
2 NaOH
3 H2CO3
4 NH4OH
5 CH3COOH
Which of the acid and base he should use for the reaction?
(a) CH3COOH and NaOH (b) HCl and NaOH (c) HCl and NH4OH (d) H2CO3 and NaOH
Ans: (c) HCl and NH4OH
The salt having pH 5.5 is acidic. So, to prepare an acidic salt, a strong acid (HCl) and a weak
base (NH4OH) is required.

2. Which of the following are correct structural isomers of butane?

(a) P (b) Q (c) R (d) S

Ans: (d) S
From right hand thumb rule option (d) is correct.
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (ii) (d) (iii) and (iv)
Ans: (c) (i) and (ii) 12. Offspring formed by asexual method of reproduction have greater similarity among themselves
(i) n−butane and (ii) iso−butane are structural isomer of butane. because
(iii) and (iv) are cycloalkanes which have different molecular formulas and Hydrogen is making (i) asexual reproduction involves only one parent
two bonds which is not possible therefore, these are not isomers of butane. (ii) asexual reproduction does not involve gametes
(iii) asexual reproduction occurs before sexual reproduction
3. Biomagnification refers to the increase in the : (iv) asexual reproduction occurs after sexual reproduction
(a) body weight of an organism. (a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and (iii)
(b) growth of phytoplanktons. (c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (iv)
(c) the amount of harmful chemicals in the successive trophic levels of a food chain. Ans: (a) (i) and (ii)
(d) number of plants and animals in an area. Asexual reproduction involve single parent and there will be no exchange of gametes hence
Ans. (c) the amount of harmful chemicals in the successive trophic levels of a food chain. offspring looks similar to their parent.

4. When aqueous solutions of barium chloride and sodium sulphate react together, an insoluble 13. What is the effective resistance between points P and Q in the circuit shown below?
substance along with aqueous solution of sodium chloride is formed. This reaction is an
example of a :
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 17. Assertion: The chemical name of bleaching powder is calcium oxychloride.
38. Case Study – 2 Reason: Bleaching powder is used as an oxidising agent in chemical industries.
Light spectrum is the many different wavelengths of energy produced by light source. Light is Ans: (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct explanation
measured in nanometers (nm). Each nanometer represents a wavelength of light or band of light of assertion (A)
energy. Visible light is the part of spectrum from 380 nm to 780 nm.
18. Assertion (A) : Acquired traits cannot be passed from one generation to next generation.
Reason (R) : Inaccuracy during DNA copying of acquired trait is minimum.
Ans. (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
Acquired traits are the changes which do not occur in the DNA of the individual or in its genes
thus they are not passed from one generation to the other.

19. Assertion (a): The opening and closing of the pore is a function of the guard cells.
Reason (R): Stomatal pores are the site for exchange of gases by diffusion.
Ans: (b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
Both statements are correct but the given reason does not explain how guard cells open and
close stomatal pores. Each stomatal pore is surrounded by a pair of guard cells. When water
flows into the guard cells, they swell and cause the pore to open. Similarly, when the guard
cells lose water, they shrink and the stomatal pore closes.

20. Assertion (A) : The compass placed near the current-carrying wire remains stationary.
Isaac Newton was the first to use a glass prism to obtain the spectrum of sunlight. He tried to Reason (R) : The current flowing through a wire gives rise to a magnetic field.
split the colours of the spectrum of white light further by using another similar prism. He then Ans. (d) (A) is wrong but (R) is correct.
placed a second identical prism in an inverted position with respect to the first prism. This The compass when placed near the current-carrying wire gets deflected because the current
allowed all the colours of the spectrum to pass through second prism. He found a beam of white flowing through the wire gives rise to a magnetic field.
light emerging from the other side of the second prism. This observation gave Newton the idea
that the sunlight is made up of seven colours. SECTION – B
(i) (a) What is the range of wavelength of visible light spectrum? Questions 21 to 25 carry 2 marks each.
(b) What do you understand by light spectrum?
(ii) Explain the process of refraction when critical angle between an equilateral prism and air is 21. DDT was sprayed in a lake to regulate breeding of mosquitoes. How would it affect the trophic
45 degree, if the incident ray is perpendicular to the refracting surface? levels in the following food chain associated with a lake? Justify your answer.
OR
(ii) (a) Why do different rays deviate differently in the prism?
(b) How will you use two identical prisms so that a narrow beam of white light incident on one
prism emerges out of the second prism as white light?
Ans: (i) (a) For visible light spectrum range is 380 nm to 780 nm.
(b) Light spectrum is the different wavelength of energy produced by light source.
(ii) It is refracted by first surface then reflected from second surface, emits out perpendicular
from third surface. Ans: DDT being a non- biodegradable pesticide will enter the food chain from the first trophic
OR level i.e., Plankton.
(ii) (a) Different wavelengths deviate differently in the prism because the angle of refraction for Non - biodegradable pesticides accumulate progressively at each trophic level. This
different colours having different wavelengths is different while passing through the glass phenomenon is known as biological magnification
prism. Hawk will have the highest level of pesticide.
(b) By using two identical prisms, one placed inverted with respect to the other we get a narrow
beam of white light incident on one prism emerges out of the second prism as white light. 22. List in tabular form three distinguishing features between cerebrum and cerebellum.
Ans:
39. Case Study – 3 Cerebrum Cerebellum
The growing size of the human population is a cause of concern for all people. The rate of birth 1. It forms the part of forebrain. 1. It forms the part of hindbrain.
and death in a given population will determine its size. The human population growth year wise 2. It is composed of two cerebral hemispheres, 2. It has two cerebellar hemispheres and the
is shown in the below figure. Reproduction is the process by which organisms increase their each consisting of four lobes, namely temporal, presence of a medial vermis.
population. The process of sexual maturation for reproduction is gradual and takes place while parietal, occipital and frontal.
general body growth is still going on. Some degree of sexual maturation does not necessarily 3. It controls the muscular movements, interprets 3. It maintains the body equilibrium, muscle
mean that the mind or body is ready for sexual act or for having and bringing up children. sensory impulses and is concerned with emotions coordination and muscle tone.
Various contraceptive devices are being used by human beings to control the size of population. and intelligence.

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 (iv) Round, yellow Give the chemical equations of reactions, the name and the color of the products formed in each
case.
35. What is a homologous series of carbon compounds? List its any two characteristics. Write the Ans: A black colour is formed on the surface
name and formula of the next higher homologous of HCOOH.
Ans. Homologous series is a series of carbon compounds in which the hydrogen in a carbon
chain is replaced by the same functional group. Characteristics of homologous series are: Original/brown colour is restored.
(1) All members of a homologous series can be represented by the same general formula. For
ex, the general formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2, where n is the number of carbon atoms.
(2) They have similar chemical properties.
(3) Any two adjacent homologues differ by CH2 in their molecular formula.
(4) The difference in the molecular masses of any two adjacent homologues is 14 u.
(5) All the compounds belonging to the same homologous series have similar chemical 28. State the events occurring during the process of photosynthesis. Is it essential that these steps
properties. take place one after the other immediately?
(6) The members of a homologous series show a gradual change in their physical properties Ans: Events that take place during photosynthesis are:
with increase in molecular mass. (i) Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll.
(Any 2 of the 5 points can be written to get full marks) (ii) Conversion of light energy into chemical energy and splitting of water molecule.
The name and molecular formula of the next two members of the homologous series having (iii) Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrate.
compound HCOOH is:
(i) Ethanoic acid, CH3COOH
(ii) Propanoic acid, C2H5COOH These steps need not take place one after other immediately. For example, desert plants take up
carbon dioxide at night and prepare an intermediate which is acted upon by the energy absorbed
OR by chlorophyll during the day.
OR
A compound C (molecular formula, C2H4O2) reacts with Na-metal to form a compound R and Bile juice does not have any digestive enzyme but still plays a significant role in the process of
evolves a gas which burns with a pop sound. Compound C on treatment with an alcohol A in digestion. Justify the statement.
presence of an acid forms a sweet smelling compound S (molecular formula C3H6O2). On Ans: Bile does not contain any enzyme but it is essential for digestion because bile is alkaline
addition of NaOH to C, it also gives R and water. S on treatment with NaOH solution gives and contain salts which helps to emulsify the fat present in the food. So, the bile performs two
back R and A. functions:
Identify C, R, A, S and write down the reactions involved. (i) The food coming from the stomach is acidic and has to be made alkaline for the pancreatic
Ans: C — Ethanoic acid enzymes to act.
R — Sodium salt of ethanoic acid (sodium acetate) and gas evolved is hydrogen (ii) The bile salts breakdown the fat present in the food into smaller globules. This increases the
A — Methanol efficiency of enzymes in the small intestine to digest the food effectively.
S — Ester (Methyl acetate)
29. Based on the group valency of elements, write the molecular formula of the following
compounds giving justification for each:
(a) Oxides of first group elements.
(b) Halides of the elements of group 13.
(c) Compounds formed when an element A of group 2 combines with an element B of group 17.
Ans: (a) Valency of group 1 element is 1. Valency of oxygen is 2.

So, the molecular formula of oxide of first group elements is M20 where M is the group element
36. If, in Figure Rl = 10 Ohms, R2 = 40 Ohms, R, = 30 Ohms, R4 = 20 Ohms, RA = 60 Ohms and a and 0 is oxygen.
12 volt battery is connected to the arrangement, calculate: (a) the total resistance and (b) the (b) Valency of group 13 elements is 3. Valency of halogens is 1.
total current flowing in the circuit.

So, the molecular formula of halide of group thirteen elements is MX3 where M is the group 13
element and X is halogen.
(c) Valency of group 2 elements is 2. Valency of group 17 elements is 1.

So, the molecular formula is AB, where A is the group 2 element and B is the group 17 element.

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