JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE

SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
1.
Ans. 0.092 F

 ab 
Sol. The capacitance of a spherical capacitor is C = 40  
 ba 
b = radius of the top of stratosphere layer = 6400 km + 50 km = 6450 km = 6.45 × 106 m
a = radius of earth = 6400 km = 6.4 × 106 m

®
1 6.45  10 6  6.4  10 6
 C  = 0.092 F
9  10 9 6.45 10 6  6.4  10 6
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
2.
Ans. (A)
Sol. Potential difference between plate is same every where.
V 
E 
r  0

®
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
3. CP0083
Ans. (B)

V
V 0
Sol.
Parallel

®
2 0 2 0 2 0 6 0
C = n 2R / R + = n 2 [1 + 2] = n 2
2 2
n R
2R
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
4. CP0086
Ans. (B)

C
F1 < F2

®
Sol. 2

F F
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
5.
Ans. C 0/n (b/a)

h
h

®
a a
  
r
Sol.

2K 2K
E 
r br
b a
V  ba   a 
 Edr  2K ln 
a a 
  2k ln  
 ba 

 ba 
= 4Kln  
 a 

q 
C= =
V  ba 
4K ln  
 a 

C 1  0
=  as b>>a
L  b  a  ln b / a
4K ln  
 a 
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
6.
Ans. C  20a
Instruction. When b >> a, the charges can be assumed to be distributed practically uniformly over the
surfaces of the balls.

a a

®
E
-q
Sol. V1
q
b V2

b > > a so we can assume surface charge density constant

kq k  q 
V1  
a b

k  q  kq
V2  
a b

2kq 2kq
V  V1  V2  
a b

 1 1  2Kq
2kq    
a b a

 2Kq 
q  C 
 a 

q.a a
C   2 o r a
2Kq  1 
2 
 4 o r 
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
7.
A ns. 10 C

10 10 0

10

®
Sol. 10 0

10µC

Q = CV = 1 F × 10 V = 10 C
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
8.
Ans. 96 C
Sol. lnitially

finally

V V V V
®
+ + +
3F –
–8V – 3F – 3F 6F
8V
0 –6V
0
– 0
96C 6V
+ 6F

16V 16V 0 0

(V+8) × 3 + 3 (V–0) + (V–0) × 3 + (V+6) 6 = 0

15V +60 = 0 V = – 4V
Net charge on system ABD
q = – 96 – 12 +3 × 4 = 96 C
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
9.
Ans. 12 volt
Sol. Q = CV0 K=V
Qq q
 V [V is the final voltage]
C CV

 (Q  q) V  q  (CV0  CV 2 ) V  CV 2

®
 V V0  V 3  V 2  V 2  V  V0  0

 1  1  4 V0 1 25
 V  = 12 V
2 2
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
10.
Ans. 5, No
Sol. C0V0 = C0V1 + CV1

 C0 
V1=  C  C  V0
 0 
After n times

®
n
 C0 
Vn = V =   V0
 C0  C 

n
98  2.45 
 
100  2.45  0.01 

n
100  1 
 1  
98  245 

2 n
1  1
98 245

2
n  245  5
98
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
11. CP0088
Ans. (A)
Sol. Q = CV1 + 2CV1
Q
V1 
3C
After connecting to
C3,C2 will discharge

®
Completely
2nd time
Q Q
C = CV2 + 2CV2  V2 
3C 9C

Q
Aftere N times , VN 
3N C
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
12. CP0090
Ans. (C)

®
Sol.

2iR
 iR  15
3

15  3
i= = 3A
5R

i 4
Vcap = R + iR = iR
3 3

4
=  3  3  12V
3
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
13. CP0097
Ans. (A,B,C,D)
Sol. Initially Q -Q
0 A
 C 0 Q -Q 0
d

Q
V
C

®
d
Qd

0 A

Finally
Q +Q –Q
2 0 A
C1  C2  C1 C2
A
Q/2 Q/2 –Q/2 3Q/2
Qd –3Q/2 Q/2
V1 
2.2 0 A

3Q d V1 V2
V2  A C B
2.2 0 A

d
V  V1  V2 
0 A

Vf  Vi
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
14. CP0098
Ans. (A,B,C,D)
kQ kQ
Sol. (a) Vi = V0 =
3R 3R
(b) Earthing means V = 0
kq' kQ
(c)  0  q' = –q/3
R 3R

®
(d) energy between the spheres increases.
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
15. CP0021
100
Ans. (a) volts; (b) 28.56 µC, 42.84 µC, 71.4 µC, 22.88 µC
7

60
10
3

®
x
2 (x–20) 4
Sol. 5 50

2x + 3x + 5x + 4(x – 20) = 120

14x = 200
100
x= Volt
7
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
16. CP0022
7 11
Ans. (a) A or A , (b) Q1 = 9C, Q2 = 0
50 50
Sol. (b) In steady state there will be no current in the circuit
P.d across C2 = 0
So charge = 0
P.d across C1 = 9V

®
Q = 9 µC

B A
C2

A
C1

9V
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
17.
A ns. A – B = [E2R3(R1 + R2) – E1R1(R2 + R3)]/(R1R2 + R2R3 + R3R1) = –1.0V

R3 V
C
A B
E2

®
–4 R2 R1 0
Sol. V–1

E1

4  (V  1) 0  (V  1) V  4
 
20 10 30

3  V 4V
1 V 
2 3
–9 –3V + 6 – 6V = 8 +2V
11V = –11V
V = – 1V
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
18.
3C
Ans.
5
A 0
Sol. C =
d

®
1 1 2 5
  
C eq C 3C 3C

3C 3A0
Ceq = =
5 5d
Alternative Method :
Q xy
C= = V
V AB

Q xy
C= = V
V AB

Potential difference between 1 and 4 is same

y 2x
A 0
= A
0

y = 2x
 2y  x 
V =  A  d
 0 

(x  2x)xA 0 3A0
C= (5x)d
= .
5d
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
19. CP0026
Ans. 1

0 A
Sol. Redraw the circuit Ceq = C =
d

®
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
20.
2C1 C 2  C 3 (C1  C2 )
A ns. Ctotal = C1  C 2  2C 3

q1 q 2  q1 q 2
Sol.  C  C  C  0
1 3 2

®
 1 1   1 1 
q1     q 2   
 C1 C3   C 2 C3 

 C  C1   C 2  C3 
q1  3   q2  
 C1C3   C2 C3 

q1 q
 C3  C1   2  C2  C3 
C1 C2

q1 q1  C3  C1 
  E
C1 C1  C2  C3 

q1  C1  C2  2C3 
 E
C1  C2  C3 

 C2  C3  C1E
q1=
C1  C 2  2C3

q 2 q1  C3  C1 
  
C 2 C1  C2  C3 

 C3  C 1  C2E
q2=
C1  C2  2C3

E
q = q1 + q2 = C  C  2C [C1C2 + C1C3 + C3C2 + C1C2] = CE
1 2 3

 2C1C2  C1C3  C3C2 

C=  C1  C2  2C3

 
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
21.
Ans. (D)
Sol. No charge will change due to switch,

®
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
22.
Ans. W = –1/2 V2C1C2/(C1 + C2) = –0.03 mJ
1 C1C2 2
Sol. Heat loss = 2 C  C  V1  V2 
1 2

®
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
23.
A ns. Q = E2 CC0/(2C + C0)

q
– – 
C Co C
  q –
o
q-q0

®
Sol.
1 2
q q

E
C  C  Co 
q .E
2C  C o

o C
and q o  C  C .q
o

qo qo q  qo
2q o
–C  
Co C
– –
q
qo qo

2qo
qo

qo

Usys  0

Co C  C  Co 
Heat loss = WB  Eq o  E. . .E
C  Co 2C  Co

CC.E 2

 2C  Co 
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
24.
2
1 q d
Ans.
2 0 A

2Q 2Q
q –q
Sol.

®
q2
Energy =
2C
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
25.
2
3kq1 4q
Ans. UI = where q1   ; UII = 2K (q  q1 ) 2 35 r
10 r 25

k q kq1 k q3
Sol.   0
r2 r1 r3

®
2q q1 2 q3
  0
5r r 7r
r3 q3
q
q1
14 q  35 q1  10 q3  0 ...(1) r2
r1
k q1 k q k q3
  0
r3 r3 r3

q1  q  q3  0

4
 q1  q
25

1
 (3.5 r  2.5 r ) 
C11  4 0  
 3.5 r  2.5 r 

35 r

4k – 21
q  q  q1
25

(q1  q)2 2k(q1  q)2 21

U11   3.5r 25
q
2C 35 r 2.5r

 r  2.5 r  5 r
C I  4 0   
 2.5 r  r  3 k

q12 3 k q12
UI  
2C 10 r
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
26.
A E2 27
Ans. k  8(d0  )3

Sol. Let charge on capacitors be q and separation between plates P and Q and R and S be x at any time
distance between plates P and Q and R and S is same because force acting on them is same.

®
d
P Q' Q R R' S
x x

0 A
Capacitance of capacitor PQ, C1 =
x

0 A q q 0 AE
Capacitance of capacitor RS, C2 = From KVL C  C  E  q  2x
x 1 2

At this moment extension in spring, y = d – 2x – .

q2  2 A2 E2 A 0 E2
Force on plate Q towards P, F1   0 2 
2 A 0 8 Ax  0 8x 2

Spring force on plate Q due to extension in spring, F2 = ky

At equilibrium, separation between plates = extension in spring
d
Thus x = y = d – 2x –   x  ...(i)
3
and F1 = F2 ...(ii)
1/3
A 0 E 2  A E 2 
From eq. (i) and (ii), = ky = kx  x 0  ...(iii)
8 x2  8K 

d  A E 2 A E2 27
0
From eq. (i) and (iii),  3   8K  k  8(d0  )3
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
27.
A ns. A = (q2/80) (1/a – 1/b) = 27 mJ

q2 q2 q2 1 1
Sol. U      
8 0  r a 8 0  r b 8 0  r a b

®
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
28.
A ns. 8.4 × 10–6 C
Sol. If the charge on the capacitor = Q
Q Q
the surface charge density  = and the electric field = .
A KA 0

This electric field should not exceed the dielectric strength 1.9 × 107 V/m.
 if the maximum charge which can be given is Q

®
Q
then  1.9  10
7
V/m,  A = 100 cm2 = 10–2 m2
KA 0

Q = (5.0) × (10–2) × (8.85 × 10–12) × (1.9 × 107) = 8.4 × 10–6 C.

 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
29.
Ans. 1.35kV
Sol. (i) In case of a capacitor as E = (V/d), the potential difference between the plates before the introduction
of metal plate
V = E × d = 3 × 104 × 0.05 = 1.5 kV
(ii) Now as after charging battery is removed , capacitor is isolated so q = constant. If C' and V' are the
C
capacity and potential after the introduction of plate q = CV = C'V' i.e., V '  V

®
C'

0 A 0 A
And as C  and C '  , V '  (d  t)  (t / K)  V
d (d  t)  (t / K) d

d  t   0.05  0.01 
So in case of metal plate as K = , VM    V     1.5  1.2 kV
 d   0.05 
And if instead of metal plate, dielectric with K = 2 is introduced

 (0.05  0.01)  (0.01 / 2) 

VD     1.5  1.35 kV
 0.05 
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
30.
Ans. (A,B,C,D)
Sol. Given combination is equivalent to parallel combination of two capacitance of capacity

0 A K 0 A
C1  2 and C  2
2
d d
Since charging source is removed, thus charge on the plates remains conserved.

®
dV
E [same in both capacitor]
d
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
31.
Ans. (A, C, D)
CK CK
Sol. Ci = qi = E
2 2

CCK CK
Cf = 
C  CK 1  K

®
CKE
qf = qf < qi meano change will flow from capacitor to battery
1 K

E
EFi =
2d

CKE
E
EFf = 1  K =
KCd (1  K)d
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
32.
Ans. (A,D)
Sol. Upon inserting dielectric we get two capacitors connected in parallel. Plate area of each capacitor is half
of the old capacitor while the plate separation remains same
New capacitance C' = C1 + C2
0 k1 (A / 2)  0 k 2 (A / 2)
 C'  
d d

®
k1  k 2   0 A  k1  k 2
 C'    C (Option A)
2  d  2
Here C is the old capacitance (without dielectrics)

C1 C2 V

Since both C1 and C2 are in parallel they have same potential difference (V)
V
E1   E2
d
Hence, option (D) is correct.
Charge on both the capacitors will be different
Hence 1  2
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
33.
Ans. (A) (Q, R, S, T) ; (B)  (P, S) ; (C)  (R, T) ; (D) (P, R, T)
Sol. (A) Motion is along force then work done is positive
E0
(B) P–iniitial , final E0
K

v0
S–initial decreases so E increase

®
d

Q2
(C) Charge remain same capacitance increases
2C

Q
(D) F = 2A  Q
0

where battery is not connected

 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
34.
A  2   d 
Ans. n 0 
2  2 0 
Sol. We can take element as shown in the figure.
Different such elements are stacked one behind the other
Total capacitance is the result of series combination

®
A
dC 
dx
d d
1 1 dx
Hence  
Ceq 0 dC 0 A

d/2 d
A dx dx
   
Ceq 0 0  x d/2 0  (d  x)

A 1 1
  | ln(0  x) |0d/2  | ln(0  (d  x)) |dd/2
Ceq  

dC
 d   
A  0  2   0  +
(x)
–
  ln    ln 
Ceq d 
 0   0   + –
   2 
+ –

1 2  d 
  ln 1   + –
Ceq A  20 
+ –
+ –
A dx
x

 Ceq  2
 d 
ln  1  
 20 
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
35. CP0024
Ans. (i) 0.2 × 10–8 F, 1.2 × 10–5 J ; (ii) 4.84 × 10–5 J ; (iii) 1.1 × 10–5 J
Sol. Plate area of D = 2A = 0.04 m2
Plate area of B = A = 0.02 m2
Area of dielectric face = A = 0.02 m2
Capacitance of A with dielectric (half area with the dielectric and half area in vaccum)
0 A 0 KA
(i) CA  

®
d d

0A 100A 10  8.85 1012  0.02

CA  (1  9)  
d d 8.85 104
CA = 0.2 × 10–8 F
1 1
UA  CV 2  × 0.2 × 10–8 × 110 × 110
2 2
UA = 1.2 × 10–5 J
(ii) Charge on capacitor = Q = CAV
QA = 0.2 × 10–8 × 110
Initial potential energy stored Ui = 1.2 × 10–5 J
2 0 A
Capacitanceof A without dielectric C 'A 
d

10 0 A
Capacitance of A with dielectro C A 
d
Final potential energy after dielectric is removed

Q2 Q2
Uf  U
, also, i 
2C 'A 2C A
As dielectric is removed slowly there is not heat dissipation. Also, since battery is disconnected, charge
will remain same
Wext = Uf – Ui (PE has increased)

Q2  1 1  Q2  d d 
 Wext       
2  C 'A CA  2  2 0 A 10 0 A 

Q 2d C A  110) 2 d
 Wext = 
50A 50A
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)

100 02 A 2 1102 d 121  A 

 Wext = 2
    104  0 
d 5 0A 5  d 

121 8.85 10 12  0.02

 Wext = 104 
5 8.85 10 4

121 2
 Wext   106 = 4.84 × 10–5 J

®
5

C2
(iii) A C1
B

20 A
C1 
d
9 0 A
C2 
d
Total charge on A will redistribute between A and B. The arrangement can be throught as
parallel combination of C1 and C2 with total charge Q. Hence,
Q2
U
2Ceq (Q = initial charge on A)
110 A  100 A 
Ceq  C1  C 2  , Q   110
d  d 
100 20 A 2  1102 d 11  A 
U 2
   104  0 
d 2  110 A 2  d 
11 4 8.85 1012  0.02
U  10  = 11 × 10–6
2 8.85 104
U = 1.1 × 10–5 J
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
36.

mgd 3
Ans. (a) Vmin  6(k  1)  (b) v  g(  b)
0 7

1
(K  1) 0 V 2 
Sol. (a) Electrostatic attractive force on dielectric slab due to capacitor plates is Fe  2
d

®
This force is constant Doesn't depend on the value of b.
When the block is on the verge of sliding
T = mg (T = tension in the rope)
For dielectric slab of mass m/6
mg 1
Fe +  T  mg  (mg)
6 4

1 (K  1) 0 V 2 mg
 
2 d 12

mgd
 Vmin  6(k  1)  Ans.
0

(b) If V = 2Vmin then Fe is

1 0  2 1 0 mgd
Fe = 2 (K  1) d V  2 (K  1) d  4  6(k  1) 
0

mg
Fe 
3
Now, calculate the acceleration of the blocks
mg m
For dielectric  Fe  T  a
6 6

mg mg ma
  T 
6 3 6

mg ma
 T  ...(1)
2 6
For block A
T-mg = ma
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)

mg
 T   ma ...(2)
4
From (1) and (2)
mg 7ma 3g
   a
4 6 14
Now using v2 = u2 + 2as

®
3g
 v2 = 0 + 2 ×  (  b)
14

3
 v  g(  b) Ans.
7
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
37.
0 S 1  2
Ans. (a) C = d /  d /  ; (b) ' = 0V  d   d
1 1 2 2 1 2 2 1

+ .

–1
d1
+1

®
Sol. –2
+2 d2

–

1 1 1 d1 d2
  = 
Ceq C1 C2 1o S 2 o S

 1  1 
1   1   and 2    1  
 1   2 

 1 1
net  1  2     
 2 1 

Ceq .V

S
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
38.
Ans. (a) C = 0(2 – 1) S/d ln (2/1); (b) ' = –q(2 – 1)/dS2.

+q –q

Sol.

®
x
x= 0 x= d

   1 
(a) r 1   2 x
 d 
d
1 1 dx
 
Ceq dC 0 o . r S

d
1 dx

o S 0    1 
1   2 x
 d 

1 1   d
 n  2  .
Ceq o S  1  2  1

o 2  1  .S  
Ceq  n  2 
d  1 
  
(b) .E 
o

dE 

dx o

q
E
o  .S

q 1 2  1 
 
o S 2 d o

dE q  1 2  1 
  .
dx 0 S  2 d 

q 2  1 

S 2 .d
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
39.
Ans. When 1R1E1m = 2R2E2m.

Sol.
R1

®
R2

E1m 
2 o 1 R1


E 2m 
2 0 2 R 2
 is some for both
E1m 1 R1  E 2 m 2 R 2
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
40.

  R 2  1  R 3  
Ans. V  E1R 1  n    n  
  R1  2  R 2 
Sol. Taking a gaussian surface in the first dielectric, electric field is given by
Q
E1  2r   (R1 < r < R2)
10

®
Q –Q
Q
r
1 –Q

2

Q
 E1 
210 r
Similarly in the region of second dielectric
Q
 E2  2r   R2  r  R3 
41 0

Q
 E2 
4 2 0 r
Each electric field calculated above will have maximum value when r has minimum possible value
Breakdown will first occur at these locations.
Q Q
E1  and E2 
21 0 R1 2 2 0 R 2 

Q Q
 2   E11R 1 and 2   E 2  2 R 2
0 0

Since E11R1 < E22R2 charge for E2 breakdown is more than charge for E1 breakdown. Hence E1
Q
breakdown will occur first. So we can write 2   E11R 1
0
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
Now calculating potential difference
 
dV  E·dr
R3 R
Q 3 dr
 V   Edr 
R1
20  R1 r

R R
Q  2 dr 3 dr 

®
 V  
20   R1 1r R2  2 r 
 

Q  1  R 2  1  R 3 
 V   n    n  
2 0   1  R 1   2  R 2  

 1  R  1  R 
 V  E11R 1  n  2   n  3  
 1  R 1   2  R 2  

 R    R 
 V  E1R 1 n  2   1 n  3   Ans.
  R1   2  R 2  
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
41.
A ns. h = ( – 1)2/20g.
Sol. Total energy stored = polarization energy + gravitational PE

h 1
GPE  Ahg    gAh 2
z 2
If  is the free surface charge density on the metal plate, the bound charge density ' can be written

®
  1 
'   
  
Hence total polarization energy is

A  a  h 
   1  2
20 
Total energy as a function of height h

U  h   A  a  h 
   1 2  1 gAh 2
2 0 2
The final height can be found by minimizing the energy to gain stability
dU
0
dh

h
   1  2
2 0 g
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
42.
A ns. F = R0 ( – 1)V2/d
Sol. Capacitance of cylindrical capacitor

2 0  20  2 0 

C  
n  R 2 R1  Rd  d
n   n  1  
 R   R

®
Using n 1  x   x  d  R

C
20

 2R  0 
 0 A
d
R d d
Which is same as the case for parallel plate capacitor
Using the same expression for force on dielectric with battery connected for the case of parallel plate
capacitor



2
1     1  0 AV 
F   where  is the height of the capacitor and A is the place area
2 d 

R    1  0 V 2
F Ans.
d
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
43.
Ans. N = ( – 1) 0R2V2/4d
Sol. We will apply the concept dWext = dU
dU
 d  dU   
d
First calcualte capacitance as a function of . This arrangement is parallel combination of two sections
of capacitor-one with dielectric and another without dielectric

®
Area A1 for region without dielectric

R 2
A1 = 
2
Similarly A2 for region with dielectric

R 2
A2 =   
2

 0 A1  0  A 2
Hence, C = C1 + C2 = 
d d

  R 2 R 2 
C 0
d  2   2       
 

0 R 2  R2
C       0      1 
2d 2d

1  R2
U  CV 2  0       1   V 2
2 4d
As stated in the begining, to calculate Torque ()

dU d  0 R 2
        1   V 2
d d 4d

0 R 2    1 V 2

4d
Negative sing shows that Torque will tend to pull back dielctric into the capacitor.
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
44.
Ans. (a) –0.15 mJ; (b) +0.15 mJ
0 A t = 0.6d
Sol. (a) C1  + –
dt
+ –
0A + –
C1  + –
0.4d
+ –

®
After removal of metallic slab d
0 A
C2  , clearly C 2  C1 V=100 V
d
Since potential difference between the plates remains constant due to connection with the battery. Potential
energy stored decreases due to reduction in capacitance
1 1 1
U  U f  U i  C 2 V 2  C1V 2   C2  C1  V 2
2 2 2

1   A 5 A 
U    0  0  V 2
2  d 2d 

3  A 3
U     0  V 2   C2 V 2
4  d  4
C2 = 20nF is given
3
 U    20 10 9  104  1.5  104 J
4

 U  0.15mJ
(b) Due to slow extraction, there will not be any heat loss. We can apply
Ucap = Wbattery + Wext
1
  C2  C1  V 2   Q  V  Wext
2

1
  C2  C1  V 2   C2  C1  V 2  Wext
2

1 1 3
 Wext    C2  C1  V 2    C2 V 2 
2 22 
 Wext = + 0.15 mJ
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
45.
1
Ans. h  0( – 1)V2/gd2, where  is the density of water..
2
Sol. Capacitance of the cylindrical capacitor

2 0  2 0  20 R

C  
n  R 2 R 1   d d
n  1  
 R

®
where R is the mean radius and we have applied the approximation n 1  x   x since d<<R

   1  0 AV 2
Force on dielectric F
2d
where  is the height of the entire capacitor

F
   1 0  2R  V 2 
0    1 RV 2
2d d
To calculate the capillary height h (neglecting the surface tension effects as stated in question)
F = weight of the capillary water

 0    1 RV 2
   2Rhd  g
d

 0    1 V 2
 h
2gd 2

here (2Rhd) is the approximate volume of the water in capillary.

 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
46.
Ans. (A,C,D)
Sol. This is the case of DC RC circuit for charging of a capacitor
option (A) is correct
because in steady state IR = 0 hence VR = 0
option (B) is incorrect
VR = V0e–t/ where V0 = 10 V and  = RC

®
option (C) is correct
 = RC = 1 × 103 × 1 × 10–6 = 1 ms
Hence after one time constant, e–1 = 0.63 (approx)
VR = 10 × 0.63 = 6.3V (approx)
option (D) correct
Initially capacitor behaves as a short circuit
V 10
Hence I    10mA
R 1000
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
47.
Ans. (A)
Sol. The two regions of capacitor can be considered in series to calculate total capacitance of the arrangement.

K=1

®
K=2 y

1 dy y dyy/2
  
Ceq 0 A K 0 A 0A

0A d 
 Ceq  Here y    vt 
dy/2 3 

0 A 6 0 A
 C eq  
d vt 5d  3vt
d 
6 2
Hence time constant () = RC
60 AR

5d  3vt
Hence option (A) is correct for area = A = 1 unit.
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
48.
Ans. (C)
Sol. Voltage across capacitor (and bulb) as a function of time Vb =  (1–e–t/RC)
For calculating flash interval Vb = 110 V
RC = 1 × 106 × 1 × 10–6 = 1s
 110  120 1  e  t 

®
11 1 1 11 1
  1  t  t  1 
12 e e 12 12
 t = n 12 = 2.5 s
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
49.
Ans. (D)
Sol. Rlamp C = 10 × 1 × 10–6 = 10 s

®
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
50.
Ans. (C)
Sol. Flash duration is 3 times the time constant of lamp capacitor circuit
Flash duration = 3 × 10 s = 30 s

®
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
51.
Ans. (A)
Sol. Flash energy = Energy stored in the capacitor at VC = 110V
1 1
U  CV 2  10 6  121100  60.5  104  6.1 mJ
2 2

®
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
52. CP0091
Ans. (C)
Sol. First let us calcualte Req
To calculate Req short the battery and that Req between the ends of the capacitor

®
2R R R

3

R
R

3R  R 3R 7R
R eq  R  R 
4R 4 4

7RC
Hence time constant 
4
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
53. CP0025
CV  1  t / RC 
Ans. q = 1  e 
2  2 

i R
i–i1 i1 CV
Sol. +2

®
V R 2C
q
– CV
2

iR + (i – i1) R = V
 2iR – i1 R = V ........... (i)
q
  i  i1  R ........... (ii)
2C
from (1) & (2)
q t
 q  q dq dt
2  i1R   i1R  V   i1R  V   
 2C  C CV CV  q 0
RC
2

 1 1  q CV  1  RC1

 q  CV 1  e RC   q   1  e 
 2  2 2  2 
Method-2
t
 
q  A  1  Be
R eq Ceq
 R
  R eq  Ceq = 2C
  2

t
 
 q  A  1  Be RC 
 

CV
at t   q1  q 2  q 
2

V
because steady state potential difference across each capacitor is
2
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)

CV
 A
2

CV
and at t = 0, charge on left capacitor is which suddenly gets distributed equally. Hence both capacitor
2

CV
have charge
4

®
CV
Hence, q  at t  0
4

CV CV 1
  1  B   B
4 2 2

CV  1  t CR 
Hence, q  1  e 
2  2 
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
54.
Ans. I = VC/0 = 1.5 A
q0 –q0

Sol. t=0

®
R
q –q
i 1 1

at time t

R
t

RC
q1  q 0 e
So charge flown(q) = q0 – q1

t
   q
q  q o  1  e RC   iR
  C

t
and i  q o e  RC
RC
t
Q   i2 Rdt or Q = –U in capacitor
0

(Put values for answer)

 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
55.
A ns.  = 4tab/(b – a)C ln .
Sol. Resistance of a spherical resistor
 1 1
R   
4  a b 

V dq d
Also, I      CV 

®
R dt dt

dV V
 C 
dt R

dV V
 C 
dt  1 1

4   a b 

dV 1
   dt
dt C  1 1  
  
4  a b 

V / 4 ab
  nV V0  t
0
C  b  a 

4 abt
 n 
C  b  a 

4abt

C  b  a  n
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
56.
t

0
Ans. (a) q  q 0 e ; (b) Q = (1/a – 1/b) q02/80.
 
Sol. (a) j  E (ohm's law)

V V V
Alos R      
I  j  ds  E  ds

®
 
Since E is parallel to area vector ds
V
R
... (i)
 EdS
using gauss law
q
 Eds   0
 q   0  EdS ... (ii)

q 0  EdS
Also C   ... (iii)
V V
Hence from (i) and (iii)
0
RC  where  is the conductivity

RC = 0
Hence, q = q0e–t/RC
 q  q 0 e  t / 0
(b) Heat generated = initial potential energy stored

q 20
U where C is the capacitance of spherical capacitor
2C

4 0ab
C 
b  a
q 20  b  a 
U = Heat generated.
80 ab
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
57.
Ans. (a) q = q0 (1 – e–/RC) = 0.18mC ; (b) Q = (1 – e–/RC)q02/2C = 82 mJ

®
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
58.
1
Ans. (a) I = (V0/R)e–2t/RC ; (b) Q = CV02
4

Sol. + t=0
CVo=qo C C

®
–

R
i
qo–q + +q
C C
– – at time t

apply KVL
qo  q q
 iR   0
C C
q o 2q dq
  .R  0
C C dt

dq
q o  2q  RC 0
dt
dq
 q o  2q   RC
dt
t q
dt dq
0 RC  0 qo  2q
2t 2t
qo    CVo   
q  1  e RC    1  e RC 
2   2  
2t
dq Vo  RC
i  e
dt R

1
Q   i2 Rdt  CVo2
0 4

1 C1C2 2 1 C2 2 1
or Q  .Vo = . .Vo  CVo2
2 C1  C2 2 2C 4
 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) : ENTHUSIAST COURSE
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
Topic : Student Question Bank (Capacitance)
59.
Ans. (a) j = V/2r2 ln (/a); (b) R1 = (/) ln (/a)