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Chapter Safety

Chapter 7 emphasizes the critical importance of safety in chemical engineering, focusing on hazard identification and loss prevention to protect people, property, and the environment. It introduces the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) for chemical safety and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) hazard classification system. The chapter outlines the need for adherence to safety regulations and effective communication of hazards through standardized labeling and safety data sheets.

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3 views

Chapter Safety

Chapter 7 emphasizes the critical importance of safety in chemical engineering, focusing on hazard identification and loss prevention to protect people, property, and the environment. It introduces the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) for chemical safety and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) hazard classification system. The chapter outlines the need for adherence to safety regulations and effective communication of hazards through standardized labeling and safety data sheets.

Uploaded by

ahmadhammad1414
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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[Year]

Chapter 7: Safety, health and environmental impac

Deaa Hammad

0
7.1 INTRODUCTION
Safety is incredibly important in chemical engineering because we deal with dangerous
materials. While we aim for innovation and efficiency, we always need to make sure we're
keeping people, the environment, and property safe. As future chemical engineers, it's crucial for
us to fully understand safety rules to make sure our projects are safe and sustainable.

In the yield of safety within chemical engineering, hazard identification is the foremost step
before any action is taken. Hazards can stem from various sources such as electrical, mechanical,
or chemical factors. When we refer to a hazard, we denote a chemical or physical condition that
carries the potential to harm individuals, property, or the environment.

In the chemical industry, our primary objective is to preemptively eliminate hazards before they
manifest into irreparable situations or, worse, result in fatalities. This proactive approach is
termed "loss prevention," emphasizing the importance of averting potential losses before they
occur through rigorous hazard mitigation strategies.

Safety plays a vital part in our personal and work life and the environment around us. The
purpose of Safety is to give us knowledge of the up-to-date safety laws and regulations in place
and all approved methods and action plans coming from them. This chapter discusses the
definition of safety and loss prevention, the safety of the process, NEPA hazard rating diamond
and material safety data sheet, safe material handling, the safety of equipment, Hazard, and
Operability study (HAZOP) of materials, and environmental impact of our process.

pg. 1
7.2 Globally Harmonized System (GHS):

The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) is a


set of guidelines to ensure safe handling, transport, use, and disposal of hazardous materials.
It was developed by the United Nations as an international attempt to create a uniform
system that other countries can use for a universal labeling system.

Figure 7-1: Globally Harmonized System (GHS)

What Does GHS Do?

Here are three aspects GHS considers in their system;


1. Defining hazards to health, and the physical, and
environmental hazards of chemicals
2. Classifying a process that has analytical data on
chemicals for a comparison with the chemicals defined in
a product
3. Communicating hazard information in a uniform way on
labels and Safety Data Sheets (SDS)

Figure 7-2: A sample of GHS label


Agencies Adopted GHS Harmonized System (GHS)

 Department of Transportation (DOT)


 Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
 Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA

pg. 2
7.3 NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION
ASSOCIATION (NFPA)

This system has four connected diamonds that represent


different hazards:
blue for health, red for fire, white for unique, and yellow for
instability. Each diamond has a 0 to 4 rating, with 0 being
safe and 4 being high risk. All chemical containers require an
NFPA diamond.

Figure 7-1: NFPA Classification

7.3.1 Hydrogen Sulfide


Hazard Level Description
Health 4 Very short exposure could cause
death or serious residual injury
even though prompt medical
attention was given.
fire 4 Will rapidly or completely
vaporize at normal pressure and
temperature, or is readily dispersed
in air and will burn readily.
Instability 0 Normally stable, even under fire
exposure conditions, and are not
reactive with water.

pg. 3

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