Exploring the behavior of Gases

Name: _______________________ Date: ________

Get Started: Click on this link to open the gas simulation

Part I
1. Go to intro. Choose only one type of particle.
2. Record the pressure, temperature and volume.
Pressure 5.0atm volume 1000mom
Temperature 300K
3. Give one pump of gas and observe the behavior. How would you describe this?

more heave particlesenter

IfRecord
m
stays relatively same
the pressure, temperature and volume.
Pressure 10.9atm Temperature 300K Volume 1000mm
4. Hold volume and temperature constant and give one more pump.
Record the number of particles and the pressure in the data table below.
Describe what you saw. are
particles bouncing
Particles 110
Pressure 12.8atm
Repeat this a few times, either increasing or decreasing the number of the same type of particles.

Number of Pressure (atm)

particles

142 16.6
189 22.1
239 27.9
289 33.7
334 39.0
5. Is there a relationship between the number of particles and the pressure? Briefly describe this.

as the number ofparticles increase the pressure increases You can

see this correlation on thetable
What is the pressure in the container due to? (what assumption are we making?)

increase of particles
Honors Chemistry 1
Srikanthan
Modified resource from https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gases-intro
 Part II:
There are 3 parameters that need to be specified when describing a specific quantity of a gas. They are:
Pressure, Volume and Temperature. We will keep the number of particles constant in each “experiment”
and explore the effect (if any) a change in any of these parameters may have on the behavior of the gas.

Choose the Laws option on the right. See picture

Experiment 1- Volume
1. Give one pump of gas into the chamber.
2. Choose to hold the volume constant by selecting that option in the upper
right-hand corner. See the picture.

What is the initial temperature (in K) and pressure (in atm) in the chamber?

Temp 300k Pressure 5.8 atm

3. Use the slider at the bottom of the simulator to add heat and double the temperature.

Did the pressure go up or go down? What is the new pressure in the chamber?

Pressure went
up 11.7 atm
4. Keeping the volume constant (and the number of particles constant), change the temperature and
record the pressure. Repeat 4 times and record your data. Sketch a graph to the right of the
table. Be sure to give a title to your graph and label the axis completely.
Independent variable is : _________________
presstierature
Dependent Variable: ____________________
Volume
Constants: ____________________________

ii
Temperature (K) Pressure (atm)

600 11 7
200 3 9 10 400too too500

400 7 8 Temperature K
500 97
700 13.6
Describe the graph and relationship:

correlationbetween temperature
There is a positive
that as temperature increases pressure does
and pressure proving
influenceof volume or particles
as well without the

Honors Chemistry 2
Srikanthan
Modified resource from https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gases-intro
Experiment 2 - Temperature
1. Reset the simulator by selecting the reset button in the bottom right corner of the
simulation.
2. Give one pump of gas into the chamber.
3. Choose to hold the temperature constant by selecting that option
in the upper right-hand corner. See the picture.
What is the initial pressure (in atm) in the chamber?

4. Locate the handle on the left of the chamber and slide it to the right as far as it will go.
What units are used to measure the width of the chamber? nanometers
_________
Does the volume go up or go down when you slide it to the right? down
_______, Did the pressure go up or
go down? __________; Why?
up
around This makesthem collide with the
space to move
molecules have less

walls much more frequently increasing the pressure

5. Slide the handle all the way to the left as far as it will go.
down
Did the pressure go up or go down? _____________; Why?

inverse of explanation above more space for particles to move

6. Keeping the temperature constant (and the number of particles constant), change the volume and
record the pressure. Repeat 4 times and record your data. Sketch a graph to the right of the
table. Be sure to give a title to your graph and label the axis completely
Volume
Independent variable is : _________________
Pressure
Dependent Variable: ____________________
Constants: Temperature
____________________________

Volume (nm3) Pressure (atm)

E i
5 11.9
8.6
9
11 15 Volume nm
13
Describe the graph and relationship:

There is a negative correlation between volume and pressure As the

volume increases the pressure decreases

Honors Chemistry 3
Srikanthan
Modified resource from https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gases-intro
 Experiment 3 - Pressure
1. Reset the simulator by selecting the reset button in the bottom right corner of the
simulation.
2. Give one pump of gas into the chamber.
3. Choose to hold the pressure constant by selecting that option in the upper right-
hand corner. See the picture.
What is the initial temperature (in K) in the chamber?___________ 800K
4. Use the slider at the bottom of the simulator to add heat and increase the
temperature.

up
Did the volume go up or go down? _____________

5. Keeping the pressure constant (and the number of particles constant), change the
temperature and record the volume. Repeat 4 times and record your data. Sketch a graph to the
right of the table. Be sure to give a title to your graph and label the axis completely

Independent variable is : Temperature

_________________
Volume
Dependent Variable: ____________________
Constants: Pressure
____________________________

Temperature (K) Volume (nm3)

400 287.496
500 571.787
550 753.571
I
600 970.299

650 1259.712
Temperature K
Describe the graph and relationship:

There is a positive correlation between temperature and volume

As the temperature increases the volume also increases

Honors Chemistry 4
Srikanthan
Modified resource from https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gases-intro
 Analysis
In each of the experiments, you hold one parameter constant while changing the other 2. Summarize the
findings of your experiments by using arrows (# or $) to represent what happened.

Experiment 1: When temperature went ________, the pressure went _________. to

Possible reason?
molecules gain energy causing them
when temperature rises
collide withwalls more frequently
to move fasterand
Real world example?
wheels to properly set increase thefull
F1 raters Warm up
potential of pressure a tire
offers

Experiment 2: When volume went ________, the pressure went _________.

Possible reason?
Collide
there is more space available for particles to move
with walls less frequently resulting in a lowerforce exerted on the
walls
Real world example?

when you pull plunger back volume in syringe increases

be sucked
air pressure so liquids pecan
Experiment 3: When temperature went ________, the volume went _________. p
Possible reason?
when temp increases causing them to
particles gain more energy
move fasterand push againstthe borders
increasing the volume

Real world example?

hot air balloon air is heated volume

of balloon increases
and makes it rises

Honors Chemistry 5
Srikanthan
Modified resource from https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gases-intro