Electrostatics

• Force between two charges:

If cgs units: is in dynes, is in stat coulombs, is in centimeter and . Note that 1 coulomb is equal to
stat coulombs.

• Potential or Voltage from the location of charged body:

• Electric Field Intensity:

• Electric field of isolated sphere in free space:

• Electric field (per unit length) of isolated charged long cylindrical wire in free space:

• Electric Flux Density:

• Capacitance:

Material Capacitance
1. Parallel-Plate Capacitor

2. N-parallel plate capacitor

3. N-parallel plate w/ different dielectric constant

4. Two-parallel plate capacitor with medium partly air

5. Isolated Sphere
6. Concentric Sphere (negative outside charge)

7. Concentric Sphere (positive outside charge)

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 7. Concentric Sphere (positive outside charge)

8. Coaxial Cable

9. Two-wire line with opposite charge

• Circuit properties of capacitor is opposite to DC circuits (resistor only)

• Energy:

• Elastance – reciprocal of capacitance.

• Force:

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Question 1

Two electrons in a vacuum experience a force of 2 x 10^-15 N. How far apart

are the electrons?

A. 3.4 x 10^(-7) m
B. 9.6 x 10^(-7) m
C. 2.84 x 10^(-12) m
D. 5.05 x 10^(-12) m

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Question 2

The electric potential at a point in air due to a change is 21 V. If air is replaced

by a medium of relative permittivity of 3, then the electric potential at that point
will be

A. 63 V
B. 7V
C. 21 V
D. 42 V

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Question 3

Two previously uncharged capacitors are connected in series and then charged
with a 12 v source. One capacitor is 30 μF and the other is unknown. If the
voltage across the 30 μF capacitor is 8v, find the capacitance of the unknown
capacitor.

A. 30 uF
B. 24 uF
C. 20 uF
D. 60 uF

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Question 4

An isolated capacitor of unknown capacitance has been charged to a potential

difference of 100v, when charged capacitor is then connected parallel to an
uncharged 10 microfarad capacitor, the potential difference is 30 v. Find the
unknown capacitance in microfarads.

A. 6.67
B. 3.33
C. 4.29
D. 5.38

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Question 5

A capacitor charged with 10,000 microcoulombs. If the energy stored is 1 joule,

find the capacitance in microfarads

A. 500
B. 5
C. 5000
D. 50

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Question 6

What is the capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor having rectangular plates

10 cm by 20 cm separated by a distance of 0.1 mm? The dielectric is air.

A. 17.7 pF
B. 177 pF
C. 1770 pF
D. 17700 pF

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Question 7

Four 3-pC charges are at the corners of a 1m square. The two charges on the left
side of the square are positive. The two charges on the right side are negative.
What is the field E (mv/m) at the center of the square when Er = 1?

A. 102
B. 120
C. 153
D. 204

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Question 8

Two point charges 10 cm apart exerts a force of 1 x 10^-3 gram on each other.
If the charges are of the same value, what is each charge in stat coulomb?

A. 8.9 stat coulomb

B. 9.9 stat coulomb
C. 6.9 stat coulomb
D. 7.9 stat coulomb

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Magnetic Circuits

• Force on a conductor:

• Force between two straight wires:

• Magnetomotive force:

(for metric units: Ampere-turns)

(cgs units: Gilbert)

• Magnetic flux:

• Magnetic field intensity:

• Magnetic field on infinitely long wire:

• Reluctance:

• Energy Stored:

• Heat energy due to hysteresis loss:

• Heat energy due to eddy current loss:

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Electromagnetic Induction

• Flux linkage:

• Induced emf:

• Induced emf in a short wire:

• Self-inductance:

• Inductance of coaxial cable:

• Inductance of two long parallel cylindrical conductors:

• Series and parallel inductors – same property as DC circuits (assuming no mutual induction)
• Mutual induction:

• Coefficient of coupling:

• Series coils with mutual inductance

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• Parallel coils with mutual inductance

• Energy stored:

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Question 9

An iron ring 100 cm mean circumference is made from a round iron of cross-
section 10^-3 m^2. Its relative permeability is 500. If it is wound with 250
turns. What current will be required to produce a flux of 2 x 10^-3 Wb?

A. 21.47 A
B. 14.27 A
C. 12.74 A
D. 17.42 A

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Question 10

Two coils of inductance 8 H and 10 H are connected in parallel. If their mutual

inductance is 4H, determine the equivalent inductance of the combination if
mutual inductance assist the self-inductance.

A. 3.46 H
B. 2.46 H
C. 4.6 H
D. 6.4 H

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Question 11

What is the force between two wires carrying currents 10 and 50 amperes each?
The lengths of the wires are 50 cm and are separated by 5 cm distance.

A. 0.005 N
B. 0.002 N
C. 0.001 N
D. 0.004 N

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Question 12

The current in an inductor is given by I = 5 +16t amperes. The self-induced emf

in it is 10 mV. Find the energy stored in the inductor at t = 1 second.

A. 1.378 mJ
B. 13.78 mJ
C. 137.8 mJ
D. 1378 mJ

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Question 13

A wire of length 1m carries a current of 10 A perpendicular to a field of flux

density 0.5T. Determine the magnitude of the force on the wire.

A. 5N
B. 50 N
C. 10 N
D. 100 N

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Question 14

A piece of conductor 10 cm long moves across a magnetic field of 10,000 gauss

at a velocity of 120 cm/sec. What voltage appears across the conductor?

A. 0.24 V
B. 60 V
C. 0.12 V
D. 120 V

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Question 15

When one coil of a magnetically coupled pair has a current of 5 A, the resulting
fluxes and are 0.4 mWb and 0.8 mWb respectively. If the turns are N1
= 500 and N2 = 1500, find L2.

A. 530 mH
B. 540 mH
C. 1060 mH
D. 1080 mH

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Question 16

A charged capacitor and an inductor are connected in series. At time t = 0 the

current is zero, but the capacitor is charged. If T is the period of the resulting
oscillations, the next time after t = 0 that the current is a maximum is:

A. T
B. T/4
C. T/2
D. 3T/4

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Question 17

A capacitor in an LC oscillator has a maximum potential difference of 15V and

a maximum energy of 360 μJ. At a certain instant the energy in the capacitor is
40 μJ. At that instant what is the potential difference across the capacitor?

A. Zero
B. 5V
C. 10 V
D. 15 V

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Question 18

The total energy in an LC circuit is 5.0 × 10−6 J. If L = 25mH the maximum

current is:

A. 10 mA
B. 14 mA
C. 20 mA
D. 28 mA

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