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rivet 4

The document outlines the design procedure for riveted joints in cylindrical pressure vessels, focusing on aspects such as thickness of the vessel, diameter and pitch of rivets, and efficiency of the joint. It emphasizes the importance of considering hoop and longitudinal stresses, as well as corrosion allowances in the design process. Additionally, it includes example problems for calculating various parameters related to the design of both longitudinal butt joints and circumferential lap joints.

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25 views

rivet 4

The document outlines the design procedure for riveted joints in cylindrical pressure vessels, focusing on aspects such as thickness of the vessel, diameter and pitch of rivets, and efficiency of the joint. It emphasizes the importance of considering hoop and longitudinal stresses, as well as corrosion allowances in the design process. Additionally, it includes example problems for calculating various parameters related to the design of both longitudinal butt joints and circumferential lap joints.

Uploaded by

aman.thomas2022
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module – V

Lecture - 39
Topic: Design of Riveted Joints

Course Faculty:
Dr. A. Vinoth Jebaraj, SMEC
VIT University, Vellore
Longitudinal Butt Joint For
Boiler Shell

Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari


Design Procedure
1. Thickness of the vessel
𝒑𝑫
t= + 𝑪𝒐𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆
𝟐𝝈𝒕 𝜼
2. Diameter of rivets (If t > 8mm then use Unwin’s formula)
𝒅=𝟔 𝒕
3. Pitch of the rivets (According to IBR)
pmin = 2d
pmax =Ct + 41.28
pt = 0.2p + 1.15d (distance between outer and middle row)
pt=0.165p+0.67d (distance between middle and inner row)
Margin m = 1.5d
4. Thickness of straps
𝒑 −𝒅
t1= 0.625t [ ]
𝒑 −𝟐𝒅
5. Efficiency of the joint

Tensile strength of plate per pitch length Pt = (p – d) t𝝈𝒕


𝝅
Shear strength of rivets per pitch length Ps = 1.875n ( 𝒅𝟐 𝝉)
𝟒

Crushing strength Pc = n.d.t. 𝝈𝒄

Tensile strength of the solid plate per pitch length P = p.t. 𝝈𝒕

𝑳𝒐𝒘𝒆𝒔𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑷𝒔,𝑷𝒕 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑷𝒄


Efficiency of the joint =
𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒊𝒅 𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆
Hoop Stress > Longitudinal Stress
 Boilers and pressure vessels are cylindrical
vessels. They are subjected to circumferential
and longitudinal tensile stresses.

 It can be proved that circumferential stress is


twice the longitudinal stress.

 Therefore, the longitudinal joint should be


stronger than the circumferential joint and butt
joint is used for the longitudinal joint.
Thickness of Boiler Shell

The plate of the cylinder wall is to be drilled for the rivets. The weaker section
passing through the rivet holes will not be as strong as the original solid plate.

Corrosion allowance (CA) is additional metal thickness over and above that
required to withstand internal pressure. A minimum corrosion allowance of 1.5
to 2 mm thickness is recommended unless a protective lining is employed.

Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari


Diameter of Rivet

Indian Boiler Regulations do not specify any formula to calculate the


rivet diameter.

However, empirical relationships are suggested by design engineers.

When the thickness of the plate is less than 8 mm, the diameter of rivet
is obtained by equating shear resistance of rivets to crushing
resistance.

Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari


Pitch of Rivet
The pitch of the rivets in the outer row is obtained by equating the shear
strength of the rivets to the tensile strength of the plate.

The tensile strength of the plate per pitch length in outer row of the rivets is
given by,

The shear resistance of rivets in one pitch length is given by,

Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari


Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari
Transverse Pitch (pt)

Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari


Thickness of Straps (t1)

Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari


Q. A cylindrical pressure vessel with a 1.5m inside diameter is subjected
to internal steam pressure of 1.5MPa. It is made from steel plate by triple-
riveted double strap longitudinal butt joint with equal straps. The pitch of
the rivets in the outer row is twice of the pitch of the rivets in the inner
rows. The rivets are arranged in a zigzag pattern. The efficiency of the
riveted joint should be at least 80%. The permissible stresses for the plate
and rivets in tension, shear and compression are 80, 60 and 120 N/mm2
respectively. Assume that the rivet in double shear is 1.875 times stronger
than in single shear.

Design the joint and calculate 1. thickness of the plate 2. diameter of rivets
3. pitch of rivets 4. thickness of the straps 5. efficiency of the joint.

Problem Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari


Triple-riveted Double-strap Butt Joint
with Equal Straps
Problem Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari
[Unwin’s formula]

The pitch of the rivets in the outer row is obtained by equating the
shear strength of the rivets to the tensile strength of the plate.

Problem Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari


[According to IBR]

Problem Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari


The distance between the
outer and middle rows is

The distance between the


inner and middle rows is

Problem Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari


Problem Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari
Problem Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari
Q. A cylindrical pressure vessel with 1 m inner diameter is subjected to internal steam
pressure of 1.5 MPa. The permissible stresses for the cylinder plate and the rivets in
tension, shear and compression are 80, 60 and 120 N/mm2 respectively. The efficiency of
longitudinal joint can be taken as 80% for the purpose of calculating the plate thickness.
The efficiency of circumferential lap joint should be at least 62%. Design the
circumferential lap joint and calculate: (i) thickness of the plate; (ii) diameter of the
rivets; (iii) number of rivets; (iv) pitch of rivets; (v) number of rows of rivets; and (vi)
overlap of the plates.

Single-riveted Circumferential Lap Joint

Problem Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari


Problem Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari
The total shear resistance of all rivets in the joint is given by

The external force acting on the joint is given by,

Problem Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari


Problem Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari
Problem Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari
Problem Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari
Problem Reference: DME, V. B. Bhandari

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