Oda class ‘oa cts Inq Aph Plat No. 19/8 7 Ota ing Re, Kadubesaraall,Panathr Kadubeesnahai Maratha, engi, Karate 560103, Worksheet Name: Light Standard: 8th Subject: Science AL. Filia the blanks in the following: [Apperson Im n front of @ plane mirror seems to be rm away from his image. ‘Ans: A person Im infront ofa plane mirror seems to be 2m away from his image. Expalantion: Distance between mirror and object dy = im Hence, distance between micror and image dy =1m Image formed by the plane mirror is behind the mirror. Hence, distance between object and image, d= dy + dz d=14122m 2. Flin the blanks in te following: Ifyou touch your ‘ear with your right hand in font of a plane mitrr, it willbe seen inthe mitror that your right ear i touched with your, ‘Ans: Ifyou touch your lft ear with your right hand infront ofa plane mirror, your lft hand, Explanation: Ibe seen inthe mirror that your right ear is touched with (This is because of lateral inversion of images formed in a plane mirror). 3. Flin the blanks in the following: Night beds have, ‘cones than rods in their eyes. ‘Ans: Night beds have less cones than rods in thelr eyes Explanation: (Night birds can see in the night, but notin the day. They have on their retina a large numberof rod ells and only afew cones}. 8. choose the correct option in Question Image formed by a plane micor is 1 virtual, behind the mirror and enlarge. 2 virtual, behind the mirror and ofthe same size asthe object. 3. real atthe surface of the mirrar and enlarged. 4. real, behind the mirror and of the same sie as the object. behind the mircr and ofthe same size asthe abject. 5. Flin the blanks in te following: ‘The size ofthe pupil becomes, when you see in dim light. ‘Ans: The sie ofthe pupil becomes large when you see in dim ligh Explanation: (in im light, the amount of ight entering the eye is very litle. Te increase the amount of ight, the pupil expands) 6. choose the correct option in Question ‘Angle of incidence is equal tothe angle of reflection. 1 Always. 2. Sometimes. 3. Under special conditions 4. Never ‘Ans: 1. Always, 7. How mary images of a candle willbe formed iit is placeé between two parallel plane mirrors separated by 40cm? ‘Ans: Infinite images ofa candle willbe formed if its placed between two parallel plane mitrors separated by 40cm, (8. Gurmit wanted to perform Activity 13.8 using a laser torch. Her teacher advised her not to do so. Can you explain the basis ofthe teacher's advice? ‘Ans: Laser light is harmful forthe human eyes, because its intensity is very high. It can cause damage to the retina and lea to blindness. Hence, it's advisable not to look at a laser bear directy. 9, 1. Find out the position of the image ofan object situated a inthe plane mirror. 2.Can Pahell at 6 see this image? 3.Can Boojho at Csee this image? wa4. When Paheli moves from 8 t0C, where does the image of A move? B (Pahel A, . B (Paheli) + C (Boojho) ‘Ans: 1. Image of the object at position A wil be formed behind the mirror. The distance of the image from the mirror is equal to the distance ofA from the mirror. A 2. es. Pahel at 8 can see the abject 3. es. Boojno at Ccan see the object. 4. if we trace the reflected rays from B® and C backwards, they converge at point behind the miror Position of image A remains fixed even ifPaheli moves. {Q10.Two mierors meet at right angles. A ray of light is incident on one at an angle of 30" as shown in Fig, 13.19, Draw the reflected ray from the second miror. Itcan be observed that the given ray of light will reflect from the second mirror at an angle 60", AL. state the laws of reflection. ‘ns: Laws of reflection: 1. The angle of eefecton is always equal to the angle of incidence. 2. The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal tothe reflectve surface atthe point of incidence alle in the same plane. 12. What is the angle of incidence ofa ray ifthe reflected ray is at an angle of 90° tothe incident ray? ‘Ans: We know that angle of incident ray is equal to angle of reflected ray le. Zi + Zr = 90" Here itis given that, 90" 13. Draw a labeled sketch of the human eye. ‘Ans: The labelled sketch ofthe human eye's shown below: {Q14.Boojho stands a A just onthe side ofa plane mirror as shown in Fig. 13.20. Can he see himself inthe mirror? Also can he see the image of ‘objects situated at P,Q and R? 28‘A(Boojho) .P 0 ‘Ans: A plane mirror forms 2 virtual image behind the mirror. The image is as far behind the mirror asthe object isin front of it. A cannot see his image because the length of the mirror Is too short on his side. However, he can see the objects placed at points P and Q, but cannot see the object placed at point R (as shown in the given figure) {@15.Suppose you are ina darkroom. Can you see objects in the room? Can you see objects outside the room. Expain, ‘Ans: We are able to see any object, when the light reflected from the abject reaches our eyes. In case of dark room, there is no light so objects cannot reflect any light. Hence, we are notable to see any objectin the darkroom. But, incase there sight outside the room, ‘then we can see those objects slight ges reflected from these objects and reaches our eyes. ‘Q16. Ditferentiate between regular and diffused reflection. Does diffused reflection mean the fallure ofthe laws of reflection? ‘Ans: The differences between regular and diffused reflection are [Feautar reflection Diffused reflection Reflection from a rough surface is called a difusd| reflection. he reflected rays in diffused reflection moves in indom direction JReflection from a smooth surface is called a regular reflection, he reflected rays in regular reflection moves ina parallel direction. Reflection by 8 plane mirror. For example: Reflection bya road surface. Focexam {Q17. Explain how you can take care of your eyes. ‘Ans: To protect our eyes, the given points should be taken into account: 1. Vsitan eye specialist regularly. 2. Avoid reading in dim light and very bright light 3. Avoid direct exposure of sunlight tothe eye 4. Clean your eyes with cold water quickly f dust particles or small insects enter your eye, Do not rub your eyes. 5, Maintain a distance of a least 25 em between the book and your eyes while eading, ‘a1, Describe an activity to show thatthe inident ray the reflects ray andthe normal atthe point of incidence lie in the same plane, ‘Ans: Place a plane mirror on the table. Take a paper sheet and make a small hole in its centre, Make sure thatthe ligt in the room is not bright. Hold the sheet normal to the table. Take another sheet and place It on the table in contact withthe vertical mirror. Draw a ‘normal ine on the second sheet from the mirror. Now, lighta torch on the mirror through the small hole such that the ray of ligt falls fon the normal at the bottom of the mirror. When the ray from this ole is incident on the miror, it gets reflected in a certain ection. You can easily observe the incident ray, reflected ray and the normal to the mirror at the point of incidence on the sheet placed on the table, This shows that the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface atthe point of ineldence al ie in the same plane ‘Q19. Describe the construction of 3 kaleidoscope. ‘Ans: Taree rectangular miror strips of dimensions 15cm x 4em (I b) are joined together to form 2 prism (fig a). This prism is fixed into @ circular cardboard tube. The circular cardboard tube shouldbe slightly longer that the prism (fig. This circular tube is now closed at fone end with a cardboard dsc. Ths dsc has a hole init through which we can see (fg c).At the other end ofthe circular tube, a plane lass plate is fixe. It is important that this glass plate touches the prism mirrors. On this glass plate, several small and broken pieces of coloured glass are placed. This end is now closed by a round glass plate allowing enough space forthe coloured glass pieces to move (ed ia=> aD (220. Mention against ezch of he following whether regular or difused reflection wil take place when 2 bear of ight strikes ustiy your answerin each case 1. Polished wooden table. 2. Chalk powder 3. Cardboard surface, 4. Marble floor with water spread averit. 5. Mirco, 5. Piece of paper. ‘Ans: 1. Polished wooden table: Regular reflection Polishing a wooden table will smooth its surface and will hve no irregularities. Hence, regular reflection will take place. 2. Chalk powder: Diffused reflection Chalk power when spread on a surface will result in an irregular surface. Hence, diffused reflection wil take place. 3. Cardboard surface: Diffused reflection Cardboard surface an irregular surace. Hence, diffused reflection wil take place. 4. Marble floor with water spread over it: Regular reflection Marble floor with water makes the marble a smoath surface. Hence, regular reflection will take place. ‘Mirror: Regular reflection Mirror isan example of smooth surface. Hence, regular reflection will take place. Piece of paper: Difused reflection A piece of paper is an example of irregular surface. It might look smooth, but there are many irregularities present on its surface. Hence diftused reflection wil take pace. 48